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Pterospora
''Pterospora'', commonly known as pinedrops, woodland pinedrops, Albany beechdrops, or giant bird's nest is a North American genus in the subfamily Monotropoideae of the heath family, and includes only the species ''Pterospora andromedea''. It grows as a mycoheterotroph in coniferous or mixed forests. It is widespread across much of Canada as well as the western and northeastern United States to and northern Mexico (Sonora, Coahuila, Durango, Nuevo León and Baja California). Along with ''Monotropa'' it is one of the more frequently encountered genera of the Monotropoideae. The genus name is derived from the morphology of the seeds which have narrow flaps of tissue on the side and therefore appear winged: ''pteron'' (Gr.) = wing, ''spora'' (Gr.) = seed. The specific name ''andromedea'' derives from the resemblance of the flowers to those of another genus in the Ericaceae, '' Andromeda''. The visible portion of ''Pterospora andromedea'' is a fleshy, unbranched, reddish to y ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pterospora Andromedea 4764
''Pterospora'', commonly known as pinedrops, woodland pinedrops, Albany beechdrops, or giant bird's nest is a North American genus in the subfamily Monotropoideae of the heath family, and includes only the species ''Pterospora andromedea''. It grows as a mycoheterotroph in coniferous or mixed forests. It is widespread across much of Canada as well as the western and northeastern United States to and northern Mexico (Sonora, Coahuila, Durango, Nuevo León and Baja California). Along with '' Monotropa'' it is one of the more frequently encountered genera of the Monotropoideae. The genus name is derived from the morphology of the seeds which have narrow flaps of tissue on the side and therefore appear winged: ''pteron'' (Gr.) = wing, ''spora'' (Gr.) = seed. The specific name ''andromedea'' derives from the resemblance of the flowers to those of another genus in the Ericaceae, '' Andromeda''. The visible portion of ''Pterospora andromedea'' is a fleshy, unbranched, reddish to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rhizopogon Salebrosus
''Rhizopogon salebrosus'' is a mushroom species within the ''Rhizopogon'' sub-genus '' Amylopogon''. ''R.'' ''salebrosus'' is a monotropoid mycorrhiza that is of vital importance to the ecology of conifer forests, especially in the Pacific Northwest region of North America. Although it is native to North America, ''R. salebrosus'' has been found in Europe and its range is generally limited to mountainous regions with sufficient precipitation. The mycoheterotrophic plant, '' Pterospora andromedea'' is often found in an obligate association with ''R. salebrosus'' in western parts of the U.S. Eastern populations of ''P. andromedea'' are typically symbiotic with another ''Rhizopogon'' sub species, ''R. kretzerae''. Species that form these mycoheterotrophic relationships like ''P. andromedea'' and ''R. salebrosus'' benefit one other by sharing essential nutrients. For example, ectomychorrizal plants contribute up to 30% of their fixed carbon in exchange for nitrogen that their host fu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Monotropoideae
Monotropoideae, sometimes referred to as monotropes, are a flowering plant subfamily in the family Ericaceae. Members of this subfamily are notable for their mycoheterotrophic and non-photosynthesizing or achlorophyllous characteristics. Description The overall morphology of these plants is highly reduced compared to other members of the Ericaceae, which are practically all subshrubs, shrubs, or trees. By contrast, the Monotropoideae are all herbaceous perennials, in which an annual shoot reemerges seasonally (in spring or early summer, depending on climate) from a perennial root. The shoot can be characterized as a single inflorescence or cluster of inflorescences, and is generally a raceme with one to many flowers per axis, though occasionally the raceme may be so reduced as to appear similar to a spike, and in ''Monotropa'', the inflorescence can take the form of a solitary flower. Notably, the shoots are achlorophyllous, in keeping with the mycoheterotrophic and non-photosynth ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Corallorhiza
''Corallorhiza'', the coralroot, is a genus of flowering plants in the orchid family. Except for the circumboreal ''C. trifida'', the genus is restricted to North America (including Mexico, Central America and the West Indies). Most species are putatively parasitic, relying entirely upon mycorrhizal fungi within their coral-shaped rhizomes for sustenance. Because of this dependence on myco-heterotrophy, they have never been successfully cultivated. Most species are leafless and rootless. Most species produce little or no chlorophyll, and do not utilize photosynthesis. An exception is the yellowish green species '' Corallorhiza trifida'', which has some chlorophyll and is able to fix CO2. However, this species also depends primarily on fungal associations for carbon acquisition. List of species Many species names have been proposed that are now considered synonyms of other species, or members of other genera. Species accepted as members of ''Corallorhiza'' as of : See also * ' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rhizopogon Amylopogon
Rhizopogon amylopogon is a sub-genus of ''Rhizopogon'' containing seven species. * '' R. brunsii'' * '' R. arctostaphyli'' * '' R. kretzerae'' * '' R. salebrosus'' * '' R. pinyonensis'' * ''R. ellenae'' * '' R. subpurpurascens'' Sub-genus ''Amylopogon'' are ectomycorrhizal fungi categorized as monotropoid mycorrhiza. These fungi are characterized by the presence of a mantle, Hartig net, unique fungal peg, and intracellular hyphal complexes. They are also classified by a specific and obligate symbiosis with members of Monotropoideae through a process known as myco-heterotrophy.Bidartendo MI, Bruns TD (2002) Fine-level mycorrhizal specificity in the Monotropoideae (Ericaceae): specificity for fungal species groups. Mol Ecol 11:557–569 Monotropoideae species depend on ''Amylopogon'' fungi for carbon which they in turn acquire from members of ''Pinus'' in a host specific tripartite Tripartite means composed of or split into three parts, or refers to three parties. Specifically, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rhizopogon
''Rhizopogon'' is a genus of ectomycorrhizal basidiomycetes in the family Rhizopogonaceae. Species form hypogeous sporocarps commonly referred to as "false truffles". The general morphological characters of ''Rhizopogon'' sporocarps are a simplex or duplex peridium surrounding a loculate gleba that lacks a columnella. Basidiospores are produced upon basidia that are borne within the fungal hymenium that coats the interior surface of gleba locules. The peridium is often adorned with thick mycelial cords, also known as rhizomorphs, that attach the sporocarp to the surrounding substrate. The scientific name ''Rhizopogon'' is Greek for 'root' (Rhiz-) 'beard' (-pogon) and this name was given in reference to the rhizomorphs found on sporocarps of many species. ''Rhizopogon'' species are primarily found in ectomycorrhizal association with trees in the family Pinaceae and are especially common symbionts of pine, fir, and Douglas fir trees. Through their ectomycorrhizal relationshi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Thomas Nuttall
Thomas Nuttall (5 January 1786 – 10 September 1859) was an England, English botany, botanist and zoologist who lived and worked in America from 1808 until 1841. Nuttall was born in the village of Long Preston, near Settle, North Yorkshire, Settle in the West Riding of Yorkshire and spent some years as an apprentice printer in England. Soon after going to the United States he met professor Benjamin Smith Barton in Philadelphia. Barton encouraged his strong interest in natural history. Early explorations in the United States In 1810 he travelled to the Great Lakes and in 1811 travelled on the Astor Expedition led by William Price Hunt on behalf of John Jacob Astor up the Missouri River. Nuttall was accompanied by the English botanist John Bradbury (naturalist), John Bradbury, who was collecting plants on behalf of Liverpool botanical gardens. Nuttall and Bradbury left the party at the trading post with the Arikara Indians in South Dakota, and continued farther upriver with Rams ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Capsule (botany)
In botany a capsule is a type of simple, dry, though rarely fleshy dehiscent fruit produced by many species of angiosperms (flowering plants). Origins and structure The capsule (Latin: ''capsula'', small box) is derived from a compound (multicarpeled) ovary. A capsule is a structure composed of two or more carpels. In (flowering plants), the term locule (or cell) is used to refer to a chamber within the fruit. Depending on the number of locules in the ovary, fruit can be classified as uni-locular (unilocular), bi-locular, tri-locular or multi-locular. The number of locules present in a gynoecium may be equal to or less than the number of carpels. The locules contain the ovules or seeds and are separated by septa. Dehiscence In most cases the capsule is dehiscent, i.e. at maturity, it splits apart (dehisces) to release the seeds within. A few capsules are indehiscent, for example those of ''Adansonia digitata'', ''Alphitonia'', and '' Merciera''. Capsules are often classifie ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Flora Of The Northeastern United States
Flora is all the plant life present in a particular region or time, generally the naturally occurring (indigenous) native plants. Sometimes bacteria and fungi are also referred to as flora, as in the terms '' gut flora'' or '' skin flora''. Etymology The word "flora" comes from the Latin name of Flora, the goddess of plants, flowers, and fertility in Roman mythology. The technical term "flora" is then derived from a metonymy of this goddess at the end of the sixteenth century. It was first used in poetry to denote the natural vegetation of an area, but soon also assumed the meaning of a work cataloguing such vegetation. Moreover, "Flora" was used to refer to the flowers of an artificial garden in the seventeenth century. The distinction between vegetation (the general appearance of a community) and flora (the taxonomic composition of a community) was first made by Jules Thurmann (1849). Prior to this, the two terms were used indiscriminately.Thurmann, J. (1849). ''Essai de P ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Flora Of Canada
The flora of Canada is quite diverse, due to the wide range of ecoregions and environmental conditions present in Canada. From the warm, temperate broadleaf forests of southern Ontario to the frigid Arctic plains of Northern Canada, from the wet temperate rainforests of the west coast to the arid deserts, badlands and tundra plains, the biodiversity of Canada's plants is extensive. According to environment Canada the nation of Canada hosts approximately 17,000 identified species of trees, flowers, herbs, ferns, mosses and other flora. About 4,100 species of vascular plants are native to Canada, and about 1,200 additional non-native species are recorded as established outside cultivation there. Lists of all plants * List of Canadian plants by family : A , B , C , D , E , F , G , H , I J K , L , M , N , O , P Q , R , S , T , U V W , X Y Z * List of Canadian plants by genus : A , B , C , D , E , F , G , H , I J K , L , M ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Monotypic Ericaceae Genera
In biology, a monotypic taxon is a taxonomic group (taxon) that contains only one immediately subordinate taxon. A monotypic species is one that does not include subspecies or smaller, infraspecific taxa. In the case of genera, the term "unispecific" or "monospecific" is sometimes preferred. In botanical nomenclature, a monotypic genus is a genus in the special case where a genus and a single species are simultaneously described. In contrast, an oligotypic taxon contains more than one but only a very few subordinate taxa. Examples Just as the term ''monotypic'' is used to describe a taxon including only one subdivision, the contained taxon can also be referred to as monotypic within the higher-level taxon, e.g. a genus monotypic within a family. Some examples of monotypic groups are: Plants * In the order Amborellales, there is only one family, Amborellaceae and there is only one genus, ''Amborella'', and in this genus there is only one species, namely ''Amborella trichopoda.'' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pine
A pine is any conifer tree or shrub in the genus ''Pinus'' () of the family Pinaceae. ''Pinus'' is the sole genus in the subfamily Pinoideae. The World Flora Online created by the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew and Missouri Botanical Garden accepts 187 species names of pines as current, together with more synonyms. The American Conifer Society (ACS) and the Royal Horticultural Society accept 121 species. Pines are commonly found in the Northern Hemisphere. ''Pine'' may also refer to the lumber derived from pine trees; it is one of the more extensively used types of lumber. The pine family is the largest conifer family and there are currently 818 named cultivars (or trinomials) recognized by the ACS. Description Pine trees are evergreen, coniferous resinous trees (or, rarely, shrubs) growing tall, with the majority of species reaching tall. The smallest are Siberian dwarf pine and Potosi pinyon, and the tallest is an tall ponderosa pine located in southern Oregon's Rogue Riv ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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