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Pseudocardinal
Pseudocardinals, quasi-cardinals or anticardinals were the uncanonical Cardinals created by six of the Antipopes, in or rival to Rome, including two of Avignon Papacy and one of Pisa, as princes of their schismatic government of the Catholic Church. Status Their state, like the state of the antipopes and the anti-bishops these appointed/created, is disputed. Many pseudocardinals were created during the controversy between the Holy See and the Holy Roman Empire during the Western Schism, and some of the cardinals switched their obedience. The legitimacy of the Popes of the different obediences during the Western Schism was not a clear matter for their contemporaries. The terms ''antipope'', ''pseudocardinal'' and ''anticardinal'' were not used at that time, but they are now used by some modern Roman Catholic historians. Creations by Antipopes The following Antipopes created pseudo-cardinals (''with status and age at time of creation in parenthesis when available'') : In R ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pierre De Luxembourg
Pierre de Luxembourg (20 July 1369 – 2 July 1387) was a French Catholic prelate who served as the Bishop of Metz, and as a cardinal of the Avignon Obedience from 1384 until his death. Pierre was descended from nobles who secured his entrance into the priesthood when he started to serve in several places as a canon before he was named as the Bishop of Metz and a pseudocardinal under an antipope. He was noted for his austerities and successes in diocesan reform as well as for his dedication to the faithful but he tried to end the Western Schism that pitted pope against antipope and rulers against rulers. His efforts were in vain and he was soon driven from Metz but moved to southern France where he died from anorexia as a result of his harsh self-imposed penances. But both sides in the conflict recognized his deep holiness and his dedication to the people in Metz and elsewhere. There were continual lobbies for him to be beatified and this later materialized when Pope Clement VI ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cardinal (Catholic Church)
A cardinal ( la, Sanctae Romanae Ecclesiae cardinalis, literally 'cardinal of the Holy Roman Church') is a senior member of the clergy of the Catholic Church. Cardinals are created by the ruling pope and typically hold the title for life. Collectively, they constitute the College of Cardinals. Their most solemn responsibility is to elect a new pope in a conclave, almost always from among themselves (with a few historical exceptions), when the Holy See is vacant. During the period between a pope's death or resignation and the election of his successor, the day-to-day governance of the Holy See is in the hands of the College of Cardinals. The right to participate in a conclave is limited to cardinals who have not reached the age of 80 years by the day the vacancy occurs. In addition, cardinals collectively participate in papal consistories (which generally take place annually), in which matters of importance to the Church are considered and new cardinals may be created. Cardi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Branda Da Castiglione
Branda da Castiglione (Castiglione Olona, 4 February 1350 – Castiglione Olona, 4 February 1443) was an early Italian humanist, a papal diplomat and a Roman Catholic cardinal. Early career He was born to a Milanese noble family related to Goffredo Castiglioni, Pope Celestine IV. Branda was the eldest son of Maffiolo da Castiglione and his wife Lucrezia Porro, of the family of the counts of Polenta. In 1374 he is documented as enrolled in the ''Collegio dei nobili Giureconsulti'' of Milan. He studied also at the recently founded University of Pavia, where he received a doctorate in civil and canon law in the academic year 1388/89 and then taught canon law at the University, supported by Galeazzo Visconti, Duke of Milan. In 1389 Gian Galeazzo Visconti sent him to Rome to the papal court of Boniface IX, entrusted with obtaining papal privileges for the University of Pavia, of authorization to teach theology and to enjoy the same conditions as the University of Bologna and th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tommaso Brancaccio
Tommaso Brancaccio (1621 – 29 April 1677) was a Roman Catholic prelate who served as Bishop of Nardò (1669–1677) and Bishop of Avellino e Frigento (1656–1669). ''(in Latin)'' ''(in Latin)''"Bishop Tommaso Brancaccio" ''''. David M. Cheney. Retrieved February 29, 2016 Biography Tommaso Brancaccio was born in Ugento, in 1621. On 16 October 1656, he was appointed during the papacy of |
Antipope Benedict XIV
Benedict XIV was the name used by two closely related minor antipopes of the 15th century. The first, Bernard Garnier became antipope in 1424 and died c. 1429. The second, Jean Carrier, became antipope c. 1430 and apparently left office, whether by death or resignation, by 1437. 1st Benedict XIV Neither of these claimants was supported by more than a very small faction within the Church. They claimed to be the successors to Benedict XIII, one of the parties to the great Papal Schism. In 1417, the Council of Constance resolved the Schism, proclaiming Martin V the new Pope and demanding that Benedict XIII renounce his claim. Benedict XIII, however, remained at a castle in Peñíscola ( kingdom of Valencia) and continued to maintain supporters. He died in 1423, but, the day before his death, he created four cardinals loyal to him, in order to ensure the Avignon line. Three of these cardinals met and elected Antipope Clement VIII. However, one of Benedict XIII's cardinals, Jea ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Carthusians
The Carthusians, also known as the Order of Carthusians ( la, Ordo Cartusiensis), are a Latin enclosed religious order of the Catholic Church. The order was founded by Bruno of Cologne in 1084 and includes both monks and nuns. The order has its own rule, called the ''Statutes'', and their life combines both eremitical and cenobitic monasticism. The motto of the Carthusians is , Latin for "The Cross is steady while the world turns." The Carthusians retain a unique form of liturgy known as the Carthusian Rite. The name ''Carthusian'' is derived from the Chartreuse Mountains in the French Prealps: Bruno built his first hermitage in a valley of these mountains. These names were adapted to the English ''charterhouse'', meaning a Carthusian monastery.; french: Chartreuse; german: Kartause; it, Certosa; pl, Kartuzja; es, Cartuja Today, there are 23 charterhouses, 18 for monks and 5 for nuns. The alcoholic cordial Chartreuse has been produced by the monks of Grande Chartreuse s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Julián Lobera Y Valtierra
Julián is the Spanish equivalent of the name Julian. Notable people with the name include: * Julián, Julián Cuesta, Spanish footballer * Julián Orbón (1925–1991) Cuban composer * Julián Carrón (1950) Spanish Catholic theologian * Julián Robles (1981) Spanish footballer * Julián Vara (1983) Spanish footballer * Julián Infante (1957–2000) Spanish guitarist and song writer * Julián Marías (1914–2005) Spanish philosopher associated with the Generation of '36 movement * Julián Herranz Casado (1930) Spanish Cardinal of the Catholic Church * Julián Besteiro (1870–1940) Spanish socialist politician * Julián Sánchez (cyclist) (1980) Spanish professional road bicycle racer * Julián Grimau (1911–1963) Spanish Communist activist * Julián Retegi (1954– ) ex-player of Basque pelota * Julián Simón Spanish motorcycle racer * Juli, Julián Cerdá Vicente (1981) Spanish footballer * Julián de Olivares (1895–1977) Spanish fencer * Julián Juderías (1877–1918) ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cistercian Order
The Cistercians, () officially the Order of Cistercians ( la, (Sacer) Ordo Cisterciensis, abbreviated as OCist or SOCist), are a Catholic religious order of monks and nuns that branched off from the Benedictines and follow the Rule of Saint Benedict, as well as the contributions of the highly-influential Saint Bernard of Clairvaux, known as the Latin Rule. They are also known as Bernardines, after Saint Bernard himself, or as White Monks, in reference to the colour of the "cuculla" or cowl (choir robe) worn by the Cistercians over their habits, as opposed to the black cowl worn by Benedictines. The term ''Cistercian'' derives from ''Cistercium,'' the Latin name for the locale of Cîteaux, near Dijon in eastern France. It was here that a group of Benedictine monks from the monastery of Molesme founded Cîteaux Abbey in 1098, with the goal of following more closely the Rule of Saint Benedict. The best known of them were Robert of Molesme, Alberic of Cîteaux and the Engl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Canons Regular Of Saint Augustine
Canons regular are priests who live in community under a rule ( and canon in greek) and are generally organised into religious orders, differing from both secular canons and other forms of religious life, such as clerics regular, designated by a partly similar terminology. Preliminary distinctions All canons regular are to be distinguished from secular canons who belong to a resident group of priests but who do not take public vows and are not governed in whatever elements of life they lead in common by a historical Rule. One obvious place where such groups of priests are required is at a cathedral, where there were many Masses to celebrate and the Divine Office to be prayed together in community. Other groups were established at other churches which at some period in their history had been considered major churches, and (often thanks to particular benefactions) also in smaller centres. As a norm, canons regular live together in communities that take public vows. Their earl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pedro Fernández De Frías
Pedro is a masculine given name. Pedro is the Spanish, Portuguese, and Galician name for ''Peter''. Its French equivalent is Pierre while its English and Germanic form is Peter. The counterpart patronymic surname of the name Pedro, meaning "son of Peter" (compare with the English surname Peterson) is Pérez in Spanish, and Peres in Galician and Portuguese, Pires also in Portuguese, and Peiris in coastal area of Sri Lanka (where it originated from the Portuguese version), with all ultimately meaning "son of Pêro". The name Pedro is derived via the Latin word "petra", from the Greek word "η πέτρα" meaning "stone, rock". The name Peter itself is a translation of the Aramaic ''Kephas'' or '' Cephas'' meaning "stone". An alternate archaic spelling is ''Pêro''. Pedro may refer to: Notable people Monarchs, mononymously * Pedro I of Portugal * Pedro II of Portugal * Pedro III of Portugal * Pedro IV of Portugal, also Pedro I of Brazil *Pedro V of Portugal * Pedro II ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pierre Girard (cardinal)
Pierre Girard was born in the commune of Saint-Symphorien-sur-Coise, in the Department of Rhone, once in the ancient County of Forez. He died in Avignon on 9 November 1415. He was Bishop of Lodeve and then Bishop of Le Puy. He was a cardinal of the Avignon Obedience during the Great Western Schism, and was promoted to the Bishopric of Tusculum (Frascati). His principal work, however, was as a courtier and administrator at Avignon, and as a papal diplomat. Early career In his Testament, Pierre Girard mentions a brother, Jean Terralli, and several ''consanguinei'': Jean Girard (who has children), John's sister Margarita, Lucia the wife of Jean Arnaudi, and Joannes Polerii. Pierre began his education as a choir boy in the Choir School of the Cathedral of Saint Jean in Lyon, called the Manécanterie ('morning chant'). Pierre was Archdeacon of Bourges by 9 February 1373. He held the Licenciate in Civil and Canon Law by 1374. He was a cleric of the Apostolic Chamber (the papal financ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pierre De Thury
Pierre de Thury (died 9 December 1410) was a French bishop and cardinal of the Avignon Obedience, who served as a royal secretary and Master of Requests, and then as papal Nuncio and Apostolic Legate on several occasions. He participated in two papal elections, those of 1394 and 1409, and was a prominent member of the Council of Pisa in 1409. Biography Pierre was born in Bresse, which at the time was part of the County of Savoy. The date of his birth is unknown. His brother Philippe became Archbishop of Lyon in 1389, and Cardinal Pierre de Thury was present as Papal Legate when the remains of Saint Irenaeus of Lyon were examined in 1410. Another brother, Renaud, was Precentor, and then Dean of the Chapter of the Cathedral of Lyon. Their uncle Guillaume, the brother of Girard de Thury, had been Archbishop of Lyon from 1358 to 1365, and had founded a chapel in the parish of Cuisery in Bresse châlonnaise. Early career He obtained the degree of ''Doctor in utroque iure'' (Civil a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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