Protosarcotretes
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Protosarcotretes
''Protosarcotretes'' is a genus of marine copepods in the family Pennellidae. Its type-species is ''Protosarcotretes nishikawai''. This genus exhibits the most plesiomorphic states in the first to fourth legs of pennellids, and is differentiated from two closely related pennellid genera '' Sarcotretes'' and '' Lernaeenicus'' by the morphology of the oral appendages. Species According to Ohtsuka, Lindsay & Izawa (2018), three species are included in the genus: * ''Protosarcotretes nishikawai'' Ohtsuka, Lindsay & Izawa, 2018 This species is a parasite of the Pacific viperfish, ''Chauliodus macouni''. * ''Protosarcotretes multilobatus'' (Lewis, 1959) Ohtsuka, Lindsay & Izawa, 2018 * ''Protosarcotretes gnavus ''Protosarcotretes'' is a genus of marine copepods in the family Pennellidae. Its type-species is ''Protosarcotretes nishikawai''. This genus exhibits the most plesiomorphic states in the first to fourth legs of pennellids, and is differentiated ...'' (Leigh-Sharpe, 1934) Oh ...
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Protosarcotretes Nishikawai
''Protosarcotretes'' is a genus of marine copepods in the family Pennellidae. Its type-species is ''Protosarcotretes nishikawai''. This genus exhibits the most plesiomorphic states in the first to fourth legs of pennellids, and is differentiated from two closely related pennellid genera '' Sarcotretes'' and '' Lernaeenicus'' by the morphology of the oral appendages. Species According to Ohtsuka, Lindsay & Izawa (2018), three species are included in the genus: * ''Protosarcotretes nishikawai'' Ohtsuka, Lindsay & Izawa, 2018 This species is a parasite of the Pacific viperfish, ''Chauliodus macouni''. * ''Protosarcotretes multilobatus'' (Lewis, 1959) Ohtsuka, Lindsay & Izawa, 2018 * ''Protosarcotretes gnavus ''Protosarcotretes'' is a genus of marine copepods in the family Pennellidae. Its type-species is ''Protosarcotretes nishikawai''. This genus exhibits the most plesiomorphic states in the first to fourth legs of pennellids, and is differentiated ...'' (Leigh-Sharpe, 1934) Oh ...
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Protosarcotretes Multilobatus
''Protosarcotretes'' is a genus of marine copepods in the family Pennellidae. Its type-species is ''Protosarcotretes nishikawai''. This genus exhibits the most plesiomorphic states in the first to fourth legs of pennellids, and is differentiated from two closely related pennellid genera '' Sarcotretes'' and '' Lernaeenicus'' by the morphology of the oral appendages. Species According to Ohtsuka, Lindsay & Izawa (2018), three species are included in the genus: * ''Protosarcotretes nishikawai'' Ohtsuka, Lindsay & Izawa, 2018 This species is a parasite of the Pacific viperfish, ''Chauliodus macouni''. * ''Protosarcotretes multilobatus'' (Lewis, 1959) Ohtsuka, Lindsay & Izawa, 2018 * ''Protosarcotretes gnavus ''Protosarcotretes'' is a genus of marine copepods in the family Pennellidae. Its type-species is ''Protosarcotretes nishikawai''. This genus exhibits the most plesiomorphic states in the first to fourth legs of pennellids, and is differentiated ...'' (Leigh-Sharpe, 1934) Oh ...
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Protosarcotretes Gnavus
''Protosarcotretes'' is a genus of marine copepods in the family Pennellidae. Its type-species is ''Protosarcotretes nishikawai''. This genus exhibits the most plesiomorphic states in the first to fourth legs of pennellids, and is differentiated from two closely related pennellid genera '' Sarcotretes'' and '' Lernaeenicus'' by the morphology of the oral appendages. Species According to Ohtsuka, Lindsay & Izawa (2018), three species are included in the genus: * ''Protosarcotretes nishikawai'' Ohtsuka, Lindsay & Izawa, 2018 This species is a parasite of the Pacific viperfish, ''Chauliodus macouni''. * ''Protosarcotretes multilobatus'' (Lewis, 1959) Ohtsuka, Lindsay & Izawa, 2018 * ''Protosarcotretes gnavus ''Protosarcotretes'' is a genus of marine copepods in the family Pennellidae. Its type-species is ''Protosarcotretes nishikawai''. This genus exhibits the most plesiomorphic states in the first to fourth legs of pennellids, and is differentiated ...'' (Leigh-Sharpe, 1934) Oh ...
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Chauliodus Macouni
The Pacific viperfish, ''Chauliodus macouni'', is a predatory deep-sea fish found in the North Pacific. It is reported as being either mesopelagic or bathypelagic, with diel vertical migration to shallower waters. The Pacific viperfish is one of the nine different species that belong to the genus ''Chauliodus'', the viperfish. The Pacific viperfish tend to be the largest of the species, typically reaching lengths of up to 1 foot and are considered an example of deep-sea gigantism. The length-weight relationship of the pacific viperfish varies with sex with females tending to be longer and heavier than males. Description The pacific viperfish is classified as one of the most ferocious deep seas fish for its size. They are iridescent dark silver-blue color in life with pale fins. They can also be a light black color with blue fins. The coloration of the Pacific viperfish has what is known as ultra-black skin to reduce the reflection of other bioluminescence surrounding them to b ...
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Pennellidae
Pennellidae is a family of parasitic copepods. When anchored on a host, they have a portion of the body on the outside of the host, whereas the remaining anterior part of the parasite is hidden inside tissues of the host. Genera There are 24 genera: *'' Allotrifur'' Yamaguti, 1963 *''Cardiodectes'' C. B. Wilson, 1917 *'' Creopelates'' Shiino, 1958 *'' Exopenna'' Boxshall, 1986 *'' Haemobaphes'' Steenstrup & Lutken, 1861 *'' Impexus'' Kabata, 1972 *'' Lernaeenicus'' C. B. Wilson, 1932 *''Lernaeocera'' Blainville, 1822 *'' Lernaeolophus'' Heller, 1865 *'' Metapeniculus'' Castro-Romero & Baeza-Kurok, 1985 *'' Nagasawanus'' Uyeno, 2015 *'' Ophiolernaea'' Shiino, 1958 *'' Parinia'' Kazachenko & Avdeev, 1977 *''Peniculisa'' C. B. Wilson, 1917 *'' Peniculus'' von Nordmann, 1832 *''Pennella'' Oken, 1816 *'' Peroderma'' Heller, 1865 *'' Phrixocephalus'' C. B. Wilson, 1908 *'' Propeniculus'' Castro Romero, 2014 *''Protosarcotretes ''Protosarcotretes'' is a genus of marine copepods in ...
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Marine (ocean)
The ocean (also the sea or the world ocean) is the body of salt water that covers approximately 70.8% of the surface of Earth and contains 97% of Earth's water. An ocean can also refer to any of the large bodies of water into which the world ocean is conventionally divided."Ocean."
''Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary'', Merriam-Webster, https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/ocean. Accessed March 14, 2021.
Separate names are used to identify five different areas of the ocean: (the largest), ,

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Copepod
Copepods (; meaning "oar-feet") are a group of small crustaceans found in nearly every freshwater and saltwater habitat (ecology), habitat. Some species are planktonic (inhabiting sea waters), some are benthos, benthic (living on the ocean floor), a number of species have parasitic phases, and some continental species may live in limnoterrestrial habitats and other wet terrestrial places, such as swamps, under leaf fall in wet forests, bogs, springs, ephemeral ponds, and puddles, damp moss, or water-filled recesses (phytotelmata) of plants such as bromeliads and pitcher plants. Many live underground in marine and freshwater caves, sinkholes, or stream beds. Copepods are sometimes used as Ecological indicator, biodiversity indicators. As with other crustaceans, copepods have a larval form. For copepods, the egg hatches into a Crustacean larvae#Nauplius, nauplius form, with a head and a tail but no true thorax or abdomen. The larva molts several times until it resembles the adult an ...
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