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Prix De L'État
The Prix de l'État (English: National Prize) of the French Academy of Sciences is a science award founded by the French National Convention in 1795 and financed by state funds. It is awarded in the fields of mathematics, physics, mechanics, computer science, earth sciences, biology and chemistry and is endowed with 7600 euros. It is awarded annually, with the exception of physics, which is awarded every four years. Laureates since 1960 * 1960: Szolem Mandelbrojt * 1961: Albert Policard * 1962: Jacques Dixmier * 1963: Pierre Nicolle * 1964: Laurent Schwartz * 1965: René Wurmser * 1966: André Guinier * 1967: Jean Dausset * 1968: Gustave Choquet * 1969: Xavier Duval * 1970: René Thom * 1971: Pierre Chatelain * 1972: Pierre Lelong * 1973: Pierre Douzou * 1974: André Martin * 1975: Marcel Bessis * 1976: Jacques Tits * 1977: Hélène Charniaux-Cotton * 1978: Noël Felici * 1979: Marc Fellous * 1980: Jean-Pierre Kahane * 1981: Lionel Salem * 1982: Evry Schatzman * 1983: Jean-Charl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
French Academy Of Sciences
The French Academy of Sciences (French: ''Académie des sciences'') is a learned society, founded in 1666 by Louis XIV of France, Louis XIV at the suggestion of Jean-Baptiste Colbert, to encourage and protect the spirit of French Scientific method, scientific research. It was at the forefront of scientific developments in Europe in the 17th and 18th centuries, and is one of the earliest Academy of Sciences, Academies of Sciences. Currently headed by Patrick Flandrin (President of the Academy), it is one of the five Academies of the Institut de France. History The Academy of Sciences traces its origin to Colbert's plan to create a general academy. He chose a small group of scholars who met on 22 December 1666 in the King's library, near the present-day Bibliothèque nationale de France, Bibliothèque Nationals, and thereafter held twice-weekly working meetings there in the two rooms assigned to the group. The first 30 years of the Academy's existence were relatively informal ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Evry Schatzman
Evry Léon Schatzman (16 September 1920 – 25 April 2010) was a French scientist hailed as "the father of modern French astrophysics". Background His father, Benjamin Schatzman, was a dentist born in Tulcea, Romania, and emigrated at a young age with his family to Palestine. Schatzman began his studies at the École normale supérieure in November 1939. After the German invasion of France, Schatzman, who was Jewish, fled occupied France, arriving in Lyon in January 1942. He worked there for a year and then moved to Haute-Provence Observatory where he hid under the pseudonym Antoine Emile Louis Sellier. Career He was appointed by the Centre national de la recherche scientifique (CNRS) in autumn 1945 and received his doctorate in March 1946. He taught at Princeton University and the Copenhagen Observatory. He his mentored during his year at Princeton by Lyman Spitzer and Martin Schwarzschild and works with Bengt Strömgren in Copenhagen. He started teaching at the University of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Victor Malka
Victor Malka (born 1960 in Casablanca, Morocco) is a French plasma physicist and a pioneer in laser plasma acceleration. In 2004, Malka demonstrated that high energy monoenergetic electron beams could be generated using the technique of laser wakefield acceleration, and subsequently used them to develop compact X-ray and gamma radiation sources with applications in medicine, security technology and phase-contrast imaging. For these contributions to the field, he was awarded the in 2007, the in 2017, and the Hannes Alfvén Prize in 2019. Early life and career Malka came from a Jewish family in Morocco and came to France at the age of six, where he grew up in Marseille and in the Parisian suburbs. He studied at the Ecole nationale supérieure de chimie in Rennes and received his doctorate at the École Polytechnique with a dissertation in atomic and plasma physics. From 1990, he then worked at the École Polytechnique for the French National Centre for Scientific Research (CN ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Louis Boutet De Monvel
Louis Boutet de Monvel (22 June 1941 – 25 December 2014) was a French mathematician who worked on functional analysis. He was a student of Laurent Schwartz in Paris and was professor at the Pierre and Marie Curie University. He was married to Anne Boutet de Monvel, also a mathematician. In 2007 he was awarded the Émile Picard Medal of the French Academy of Sciences and in 2003 the Prix de l'État. According to the Mathematics Genealogy Project Louis Boutet de Monvel at thMathematics Genealogy Project October 2021. his Ph.D. students are AbdelAli Attioui (1994), Jean-Marc Delort, Bernard Helffer (1976), Gilles Lebeau (1984), George Marinescu (1994), Philibert Nang (1996), Serge Lukasiewicz (1997), Alexander Rezounenko (1997). Publications * References External links * Homepage at the Jussieu Institute of MathematicsConference in his honor 2003Conference in his honor 2016* Louis Boutet de Monvelat Scopus Scopus is Elsevier's abstract and citatio ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jean-Paul Behr
Jean-Paul Behr (born 29 June 1947) is a French chemist, elected member of the French Academy of Sciences (since December 2008). Research director at the Centre national de la recherche scientifique, CNRS, he is known for his work in the field of nucleic acid drug vectorization, vectorization. Training and career * 1969 Engineer ENS Chimie de Strasbourg * 1973 Doctor of Science * 1974- Research fellow, then research director at the CNRS * 1989- Director of the Genetic Chemistry Laboratory at the University of Strasbourg Scientific activities Jean-Paul Behr has spent most of his career at the University of Strasbourg. After a doctorate in physical organic chemistry under the supervision of Jean-Marie Lehn (1973) followed by a postdoctoral internship in England, he founded the Genetic Chemistry Laboratory at the Faculty of Pharmacy in Strasbourg. His research there focused mainly on the development of molecules capable of encapsulating DNA and transporting it inside living cell ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bernard Maurey
Bernard Maurey (born 1948) is a French mathematician who deals with functional analysis and especially the theory of Banach spaces. He received in 1973 his Ph.D. from the University Paris VII (Denis Diderot) under Laurent Schwartz with thesis ''Théorèmes de factorisation pour les opérateurs linéaires à valeurs dans les espaces Lp''. Maurey is a professor at the University of Paris VII and a member of the CNRS's ''Laboratoire d'Analyse et de Mathématiques Appliquées'' of the University of Marne-la-Vallée. He was an Invited Speaker of the International Congress of Mathematicians in 1974 in Vancouver. He introduced stable Banach spaces in 1981 with Jean-Louis Krivine. In 1992, with Timothy Gowers Sir William Timothy Gowers, (; born 20 November 1963) is a British mathematician. He is Professeur titulaire of the Combinatorics chair at the Collège de France, and director of research at the University of Cambridge and Fellow of Trinity Col ..., Maurey resolved the "uncondi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jean-Loup Gervais
Jean-Loup Gervais (born 10 September 1936 in Paris) is a French theoretical physicist. Gervais studied physics and mathematics in Paris, where he graduated in 1961 and got his Ph.D. in 1965 as a student of Claude Bouchiat and Philippe Meyer in Orsay. From 1966 to 1968 he was a post-doctoral researcher at New York University. Already since 1960 he was employed at the CNRS, from 1970 on as Maître de conférences. During 1973–1985 he was Maître de conférences at École polytechnique. From 1979 to 1983 and from 1995 to 1998 he was director of the Laboratory of Theoretical Physics of the École Normale Supérieure. He had been a guest professor at the City College of New York and also partly at University of California, Berkeley, at the Isaac Newton Institute in Cambridge (1997), at University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) and at University of California, Santa Barbara. Gervais worked on quantum field theory, supersymmetry and string theory. In 1969, he investigated (together ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jean-Michel Bony
Jean-Michel Bony (born 1 February 1942 in Paris) is a French mathematician, specializing in mathematical analysis. He is known for his work on microlocal analysis and pseudodifferential operators. Education and career Bony completed his undergraduate and graduate studies at the École Normale Supérieure, where he received his Ph.D in 1972 with thesis advisor Gustave Choquet. Bony became a professor at the University of Paris-Sud and is now a professor at the École Polytechnique. His doctoral students include Jean-Yves Chemin. Research Bony's research deals with microlocal analysis, partial differential equations and potential theory. In 1981 he published important results on paradifferential operators, extending the theory of pseudifferential operators published by Ronald Coifman and Yves Meyer in 1979. Bony applied his theory to the propagation of singularities in solutions of semilinear wave equations. Recognition In 1980, Bony received the Prix Paul Doistau–Émile Blutet ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jean Talairach
Jean Talairach (January 15, 1911 – March 15, 2007) was a psychiatrist and neurosurgeon who practiced at the Sainte-Anne Hospital Center in Paris, and who is noted for the Talairach coordinates, which are relevant in stereotactic neurosurgery. Early life Talairach was the son of a pianist, and learned the cello to a professional level. However, instead of pursuing a musical career, he then developed a passion for geometry and architecture, and was particularly interested in the lecture halls in the medieval medical college in Montpellier. This interest, in turn, led him to become interested in medicine, especially psychiatry. In 1938 he traveled to Paris to study medicine. He completed his doctoral studies at Ste. Anne's Hospital, one of the oldest and most renowned hospitals in France. World War II During the German occupation of France in the second World War, Talairach joined the French resistance. He created a detailed map of the tunnels under Paris, which he gave to t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Roger Cayrel
Roger Victor Émile Cayrel (4 December 1925 – 11 January 2021) was a French astronomer. His main interests were stellar atmospheres, galactic chemical evolution and metal-poor stars. Biography Born in Bordeaux, France, he attended the ''Lycée Michel-Montaigne'' in Bordeaux and studied physics at the École normale supérieure and the ''Faculté des sciences de Paris''. Beside his scientific work, he had a number of high-ranking posts in the management of science: director of the Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope (CFHT, 1974–1980), president of the IAU commission on stellar atmospheres (1973–1976) and head of the Bureau des Longitudes (1995–1996). Cayrel was a corresponding member of the Académie des Sciences from 1988 to 2021. He was awarded the Prix Jules Janssen of the Société astronomique de France (Astronomical Society of France), in 2001. Cayrel and his colleagues discovered thorium and uranium in the ultra-metal-poor halo star BPS CS31082-0001, which was named Ca ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gilles Pisier
Gilles I. Pisier (born 18 November 1950) is a professor of mathematics at the Pierre and Marie Curie University and a distinguished professor and A.G. and M.E. Owen Chair of Mathematics at the Texas A&M University. He is known for his contributions to several fields of mathematics, including functional analysis, probability theory, harmonic analysis, and operator theory. He has also made fundamental contributions to the theory of C*-algebras. Gilles is the younger brother of French actress Marie-France Pisier. Research Pisier has obtained many fundamental results in various parts of mathematical analysis. Geometry of Banach spaces In the "local theory of Banach spaces", Pisier and Bernard Maurey developed the theory of Rademacher type, following its use in probability theory by J. Hoffman–Jorgensen and in the characterization of Hilbert spaces among Banach spaces by S. Kwapień. Using probability in vector spaces, Pisier proved that super-reflexive Banach spaces can be ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jean-Pierre Hansen
Jean-Pierre Hansen FRS (born 10 May 1942) is a Luxembourgian chemist and an emeritus professor of the University of Cambridge. Education Hansen gained a PhD from Paris-Sud 11 University in 1969, the same year working as a staff scientist for the French National Centre for Scientific Research. Career and research In 1970, Hansen he moved to the United States to do postdoctoral work at Cornell University before moving back to France in 1973 to work as an associate professor at Pierre and Marie Curie University. He became a full professor in 1977, and in 1980 moved to Grenoble to work as a visiting scientist at Institut Laue-Langevin. In 1986 he became research director at École Normale Supérieure de Lyon, and in 1987 founded the physics laboratory there. In 1990 the French Academy of Sciences awarded him the Grand Prix de l'Etat for his work, and between 1994 and 1997 he worked as a visiting professor at the physical chemistry department of the University of Oxford; he moved C ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
