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Prince Munetaka
was the sixth ''shōgun'' of the Kamakura shogunate of Japan who reigned from 1252 to 1266.Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric. (2005). "Munetaka shinnō" in . He was the first son of the Emperor Go-Saga and replaced the deposed Fujiwara no Yoritsugu as ''shōgun'' at the age of ten. He was a puppet ruler controlled by the Hōjō clan regents. * 10 May 1252 (''Kenchō 4, 1st day of the 4th month''): Hōjō Tokiyori and Hōjō Shigetoki sent a representative to Kyoto to accompany Munetaka to Kamakura where he would be installed as shogun. * 22 August 1266 (''Bun'ei 3, 20th day of the 7th month''): Munetaka was deposed, and his son Koreyasu was installed as the 7th ''shōgun'' at the age of two.Titsingh, The deposed ''shōgun'' became a Buddhist monk in 1272. His priestly name was Gyōshō. He was a writer of Waka poetry. Family Parents * Father: Emperor Go-Saga (後嵯峨天皇, Go-Saga-tennō, April 1, 1220 – March 17, 1272) * Mother: Taira no Muneko (d. 1302), Taira no Munemoto's ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Heian-kyō
Heian-kyō was one of several former names for the city now known as Kyoto. It was the official capital of Japan for over one thousand years, from 794 to 1868 with an interruption in 1180. Emperor Kanmu established it as the capital in 794, moving the Imperial Court there from nearby Nagaoka-kyō at the recommendation of his advisor Wake no Kiyomaro and marking the beginning of the Heian period of Japanese history. According to modern scholarship, the city is thought to have been modelled after the urban planning for the Tang dynasty Chinese capital of Chang'an (modern-day Xi'an).. It remained the chief political center until 1185, when the samurai Minamoto clan defeated the Taira clan in the Genpei War, moving administration of national affairs to Kamakura and establishing the Kamakura shogunate. Though political power would be wielded by the samurai class over the course of three different shogunates, Heian remained the site of the Imperial Court and seat of Imperial p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hōjō Shigetoki (born 1198)
(July 11, 1198 – November 26, 1261) was a Japanese samurai of the Kamakura period. He was the third Kitakata Rokuhara tandai, serving from 1230 to 1247. He was also known as . His writings influenced later samurai were the hereditary military nobility and officer caste of medieval and early-modern Japan from the late 12th century until their abolition in 1876. They were the well-paid retainers of the '' daimyo'' (the great feudal landholders). They h ... philosophy. References *Stenstrup, Carl (1979). ''Hōjō Shigetoki, 1198-1261, and His Role in the History of Political and Ethical Ideas in Japan''. (London: Curzon Press). Samurai 1198 births 1261 deaths Shigetoki People of Kamakura-period Japan {{samurai-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Isaac Titsingh
Isaac Titsingh FRS ( January 1745 – 2 February 1812) was a Dutch diplomat, historian, Japanologist, and merchant.Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric. (2005). "Isaak Titsingh" in . During a long career in East Asia, Titsingh was a senior official of the Dutch East India Company ( nl, Vereenigde Oostindische Compagnie (VOC)). He represented the European trading company in exclusive official contact with Tokugawa Japan, traveling to Edo twice for audiences with the shogun and other high bakufu officials. He was the Dutch and VOC governor general in Chinsura, Bengal.Stephen R. Platt, ''Imperial Twilight: the Opium War and the End of China's Last Golden Age'' (NY: Knopf, 2018), 166-73. Titsingh worked with his counterpart, Charles Cornwallis, who was governor general of the British East India Company. In 1795, Titsingh represented Dutch and VOC interests in China, where his reception at the court of the Qing Qianlong Emperor stood in contrast to the rebuff suffered by British diplomat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Harvard University Press
Harvard University Press (HUP) is a publishing house established on January 13, 1913, as a division of Harvard University, and focused on academic publishing. It is a member of the Association of American University Presses. After the retirement of William P. Sisler in 2017, the university appointed as Director George Andreou. The press maintains offices in Cambridge, Massachusetts near Harvard Square, and in London, England. The press co-founded the distributor TriLiteral LLC with MIT Press and Yale University Press. TriLiteral was sold to LSC Communications in 2018. Notable authors published by HUP include Eudora Welty, Walter Benjamin, E. O. Wilson, John Rawls, Emily Dickinson, Stephen Jay Gould, Helen Vendler, Carol Gilligan, Amartya Sen, David Blight, Martha Nussbaum, and Thomas Piketty. The Display Room in Harvard Square, dedicated to selling HUP publications, closed on June 17, 2009. Related publishers, imprints, and series HUP owns the Belknap Press imprint, whi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kōchō
was a after ''Bun'ō'' and before ''Bun'ei.'' This period spanned the years from February 1261 to February 1264. The reigning emperor was .Titsingh, Isaac. (1834). ''Annales des empereurs du Japon'', pp. 255-261; Varley, H. Paul. (1980). ''Jinnō Shōtōki.'' p. 232-233. Change of era * ; 1261: The new era name was created to mark an event or a number of events. The previous era ended and a new one commenced in ''Bun'ō'' 2. Events of the '' Kōchō'' era * June 11, 1261 (''Kōchō 1, 12th day of the 5th month''): Nichiren was exiled to Itō in Izu.Nichren. (2004). ''Writings of Nichiren Shonin: Doctrine 3'', p. 47. * March 19, 1262 (''Kōchō 2, 28th day of the 11th month''): Shinran passes away at the age of 90 * April 1, 1263 (''Kōchō 3, 22nd day of the 2nd month''): Nichiren was pardoned. Notes References * Nichiren. (2004). ''Writings of Nichiren Shonin: Doctrine 3.'' onolulu: University of Hawaii Press. * Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric and Käthe Roth. (2005) ''Japan en ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bun'ō
was a after ''Shōka'' and before ''Kōchō.'' This period spanned the years from April 1260 to February 1261. The reigning emperor was . Change of era * 1260 : The new era name was created to mark an event or a number of events. The years of the Shōgen era was in a period marked by famine and epidemics; and the era name was changed in quick succession in the hope that this might bring them to a close. The previous era ended and a new one commenced in ''Shōka'' 3. Events of the ''Bun'ō'' era * 1260 (''Bun'ō 1''): Crop failures brought widespread starvation.Totman, Conrad D. (2000). * 1260 (''Bun'ō 1''): Nichiren preached in the streets of Kamakura. * July 16, 1260 (''Bun'ō 1, 7th day of the 6th month''): Nichiren submitted a formal remonstrance to Hojo Tokiyori; this was the "Treatise on Securing Peace in the Land through the Establishment of True Buddhism" (''Rissho Ankoku Ron'') * 1260 (''Bun'ō 1''): Buddhism was introduced from Japan to the Ryūkyū Kingdom.Schwar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shōgen
was a after ''Shōka'' and before ''Bun'ō.'' This period spanned the years from March 1259 through April 1260. The reigning emperors were and . Change of era * 1259 : The new era name was created to mark an event or a number of events. The years of the Shōgen era was in a period marked by famine and epidemics; and the era name was changed in quick succession in the hope that this might bring them to a close. The previous era ended and a new one commenced in ''Shōka'' 3. Events * 1259 (''Shōgen 1, 11th month''): In the 14th year of Go-Fukakusa''-tennō''s reign (後深草天皇14年), the emperor abdicated; and the succession (''senso'') was received by his younger brother. Shortly thereafter, Emperor Kameyama is said to have acceded to the throne (''sokui'').Titsingh, p. 265; Varley, p. 44; a distinct act of ''senso'' is unrecognized prior to Emperor Tenji; and all sovereigns except Jitō, Yōzei, Go-Toba, and Fushimi have ''senso'' and ''sokui'' in the same year until ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shōka
is a form of ''ikebana''. Written with the same ''kanji'' characters, it is also pronounced and known as ''Shōka''. History The painter Sōami and the art patron and ''shōgun'' Ashikaga Yoshimasa were supporters of the style as early as the 15th century. It reached its peak of popularity and artistic development in the 18th century and was formalised in the late Edo period. Works that were published include the ''Sōka Hyakki'' (挿花百規), a collection of 100 drawings of ''shōka'' works by the 40th headmaster Ikenobō Senjō (池坊専定). Senjō himself selected these works published in 1820. The original drawings were made by Matsumura Keibun and Yokoyama Seiki, painters of the Shijō school. The ''Senshō Risshōkashū'' (専正立生華集) is a collection of 100 drawings of ''rikka'' and ''shōka'' works by the 42nd headmaster Ikenobō Senshō (池坊専正). In the West, ''Japanese flower arrangement (Ike-bana) applied to Western needs'' is a book written by ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kōgen
was a after ''Kenchō'' and before ''Shōka.'' This period spanned the years from October 1256 to March 1257. The reigning emperor was .Titsingh, Isaac. (1834) ''Annales des empereurs du Japon'', pp. 248-253 Varley, H. Paul. (1980). ''Jinnō Shōtōki.'' p. 231-232. Change of era * 1256 : The new era name was created to mark an event or a number of events. The previous era ended and a new one commenced in ''Kenchō'' 8. Events of the ''Kōgen'' era * September 1, 1256 (''Kōgen 1, 11th day of the 8th month''): Kujō Yoritsune, also known as Fujiwara Yoritsune, died at the age of 39 years.Titsingh p. 252./ref> * October 14, 1256 (''Kōgen 1, 24th day of the 9th month''): Yoritsune's son and successor as Kamakura shōgun, Kujō Yoritsugu, also known as Fujiwara Yoritsugu, died at the age of 18 years. Notes References * Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric and Käthe Roth. (2005) ''Japan encyclopedia.''Cambridge: Harvard University Press. OCLC 58053128* Titsingh, Isaac. (1834). ''Nihon ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nengō
The , also known as , is the first of the two elements that identify years in the Japanese era calendar scheme. The second element is a number which indicates the year number within the era (with the first year being ""), followed by the literal "" meaning "year". Era names originated in 140 BCE in China, during the reign of the Emperor Wu of Han. As elsewhere in East Asia, the use of era names was originally derived from Chinese imperial practice, although the Japanese system is independent of the Chinese, Korean, and Vietnamese era-naming systems. Unlike these other similar systems, Japanese era names are still in use. Government offices usually require era names and years for official papers. The five era names used since the end of the Edo period in 1868 can be abbreviated by taking the first letter of their romanized names. For example, S55 means Shōwa 55 (i.e. 1980), and H22 stands for Heisei 22 (2010). At 62 years and 2 weeks, Shōwa is the longest era to date. The cur ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Japanese Era Names
The , also known as , is the first of the two elements that identify years in the Japanese era calendar scheme. The second element is a number which indicates the year number within the era (with the first year being ""), followed by the literal "" meaning "year". Era names originated in 140 BCE in China, during the reign of the Emperor Wu of Han. As elsewhere in East Asia, the use of era names was originally derived from Chinese imperial practice, although the Japanese system is independent of the Chinese, Korean, and Vietnamese era-naming systems. Unlike these other similar systems, Japanese era names are still in use. Government offices usually require era names and years for official papers. The five era names used since the end of the Edo period in 1868 can be abbreviated by taking the first letter of their romanized names. For example, S55 means Shōwa 55 (i.e. 1980), and H22 stands for Heisei 22 (2010). At 62 years and 2 weeks, Shōwa is the longest era to date. The c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Emperor Go-Uda
was the 91st emperor of Japan, according to the traditional order of succession. His reign spanned the years from 1274 through 1287. This 13th-century sovereign was named after the 9th-century Emperor Uda and ''go-'' (後), translates literally as "later"; and thus, he is sometimes called the "Later Emperor Uda," or in some older sources, may be identified as "Emperor Uda, the second" or as "Emperor Uda II." Genealogy Before his ascension to the Chrysanthemum Throne, his personal name (''imina'') was Yohito (世仁). He was the second son of Emperor Kameyama. They were from the Daikaku-ji line. *Consort: Imperial Princess Reishi (姈子内親王; 1270–1307) later Yūgimon'in (遊義門院), Emperor Go-Fukakusa's daughter *Consort: Horikawa (Minamoto) Motoko (堀河（源）基子) later Nishika'mon-in (西華門院; 1269–1355), Horikawa Tomomori's daughter **First son: Imperial Prince Kuniharu (邦治親王) later Emperor Go-Nijō *Lady-in-waiting: Itsutsuji (Fujiwara) C ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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