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Por Andalucía
Por Andalucía ( en, "For Andalusia") is an Andalusian-based electoral alliance formed by Podemos, United Left/The Greens–Assembly for Andalusia (IULV–CA), Equo, Green Alliance (AV), Más País and Andalusian People's Initiative (IdPA) to contest the 2022 Andalusian regional election. The alliance was launched after over two months of negotiations between the parties to the left of the Spanish Socialist Workers' Party of Andalusia (PSOE–A), in an attempt to form a joint list that avoided wasted votes; however, both the new Adelante Andalucía party of Teresa Rodríguez, as well as the Andalusian Andalucía por Sí (AxSí)—which had been a founding member of the Andaluces Levantaos alliance between Más País, IdPA and itself—rejected joining in. An early agreement was concluded in late March 2022, and by April 2022 the new joint alliance of all these parties (with the exception of Adelante Andalucía and AxSí) was given the name ''Por Andalucía'' (Spanish for "For A ...
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Adelante Andalucía (2018)
Adelante Andalucía ( en, "Forward Andalusia") was an electoral alliance formed by Podemos Andalusia, United Left/The Greens–Assembly for Andalusia, Andalusian Left and Andalusian Spring to contest the 2018 Andalusian regional election. The latter two parties were created in the wake of the dissolution of the Andalusian Party. After announcing their intention to leave Podemos in February 2020, Teresa Rodríguez and the rest of the ex-Podemos parliamentarians affiliated with Anticapitalistas were subject to an expulsion from their parliamentary group in October 2020. The party was eventually refounded as a left-wing nationalist organisation in June 2021. History In 2017, Podemos Andalusia and United Left/The Greens–Assembly for Andalusia (IULV-CA) began to work on a joint roadmap in the Andalusian Parliament. The plan involved acting as a strong opposition to the PSOE of Andalusia and the President of the Andalusian Regional Government, Susana Díaz. The coalition began ...
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Green Alliance (Spain)
The Green Alliance ( es, Alianza Verde; AV) is a Spanish ecologist and eco-socialist political party, ideologically located to the left. It was created on 10 June 2021 within the Unidas Podemos electoral coalition. It has a representative in the Congress of Deputies, Juan López de Uralde, founder and former leader of Equo. Since its inception, it has been presented to all elections within Unidas Podemos or equivalent according to region or elections. History Alianza Verde was born from the people who stayed at Unidas Podemos after Equo left this space to join Más País in 2019, along with others from environmental social organizations. Although the initial intention was to launch this new party shortly after, that is, in 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic forced it to be paralyzed. It was presented on June 10, 2021 in Madrid by its federal coordinator, Juan López de Uralde, deputy and president of the Ecological Transition Commission in the Congress of Deputies, by the Andalusian ...
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2018 Andalusian Regional Election
The 2018 Andalusian regional election was held on Sunday, 2 December 2018, to elect the 11th Parliament of the autonomous community of Andalusia. All 109 seats in the Parliament were up for election. As a result of the previous election, the Spanish Socialist Workers' Party of Andalusia (PSOE–A) was able to retain power after obtaining confidence and supply support from Citizens (Cs), with such alliance enduring President Susana Díaz's defeat in the 2017 PSOE leadership election. The PSOE–Cs agreement broke up in September 2018 after Cs withdrew their support from Díaz's government, prompting Díaz to announce the Parliament's dissolution on 8 October and call a snap election for 2 December 2018. Registered turnout was the second lowest in any Andalusian regional election, only behind that of 1990. The PSOE–A remained the most voted party but suffered an unforeseen setback, dropping from 47 to 33 seats. A far-right party, Vox, gained parliamentary representation in a re ...
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Arrow Blue Right 001
An arrow is a fin-stabilized projectile launched by a bow. A typical arrow usually consists of a long, stiff, straight shaft with a weighty (and usually sharp and pointed) arrowhead attached to the front end, multiple fin-like stabilizers called fletchings mounted near the rear, and a slot at the rear end called a nock for engaging the bowstring. A container or bag carrying additional arrows for convenient reloading is called a quiver. The use of bows and arrows by humans predates recorded history and is common to most cultures. A craftsman who makes arrows is a fletcher, and one that makes arrowheads is an arrowsmith.Paterson ''Encyclopaedia of Archery'' p. 56 History The oldest evidence of likely arrowheads, dating to c. 64,000 years ago, were found in Sibudu Cave, current South Africa.Backwell L, d'Errico F, Wadley L.(2008). Middle Stone Age bone tools from the Howiesons Poort layers, Sibudu Cave, South Africa. Journal of Archaeological Science, 35:1566–1580. Backwel ...
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Inmaculada Nieto
Inmaculada Nieto Castro (born 15 March 1971) is a Spanish politician of the United Left (IU). She has been a deputy in the Parliament of Andalusia since 2012, and spokesperson of her party in parliament since 2019, within the coalitions of Adelante Andalucía (2018), Unidas Podemos and Por Andalucía. Biography Born in Algeciras, province of Cádiz, Nieto graduated in Political Sciences from the University of Granada and obtained a master's degree in Public Administration. She was a staff member for the United Left (IU) in the Algeciras City Hall from 1997 to 2007, when she was elected deputy mayor, also being Councillor for Culture and Festivals. In March 2012, Nieto was elected to the Parliament of Andalusia for United Left/The Greens–Assembly for Andalusia (IULV–CA), representing the province of Cádiz. She left her municipal office in September 2016. Nieto succeeded Antonio Maíllo as spokesperson for Adelante Andalucía in June 2019, upon his resignation. After ...
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Spanish Language
Spanish ( or , Castilian) is a Romance languages, Romance language of the Indo-European language family that evolved from colloquial Latin spoken on the Iberian peninsula. Today, it is a world language, global language with more than 500 million native speakers, mainly in the Americas and Spain. Spanish is the official language of List of countries where Spanish is an official language, 20 countries. It is the world's list of languages by number of native speakers, second-most spoken native language after Mandarin Chinese; the world's list of languages by total number of speakers, fourth-most spoken language overall after English language, English, Mandarin Chinese, and Hindustani language, Hindustani (Hindi-Urdu); and the world's most widely spoken Romance languages, Romance language. The largest population of native speakers is in Mexico. Spanish is part of the Iberian Romance languages, Ibero-Romance group of languages, which evolved from several dialects of Vulgar Latin in I ...
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Andalucía Por Sí
Andalucía por Sí ( en, "Andalusia by Herself", AxSí) is an Andalusian nationalist political party founded in 2016, succeeding the late Andalusian Party. Its results in regional and general elections have been mostly residual, but at the local it holds more than 100 councilors and several mayorships. After the dissolution of the Andalusian Party, Andalusianism lacked a strong party of reference. In February 2016 the platform "Andalucía x Sí" was created, and as a prelude to the party a manifesto called "28 de febrero" was signed by personalities such as Javier Aroca or José Chamizo. In November 2016, in a constituent congress with more than 400 attendees, many of them former activists of the AP. He defined himself as a federalist and left-wing activist, wanting to distance himself from the extinct AP and its errors. During the crisis of the coronavirus disease pandemic in 2020, he proposed, in the town halls where he had municipal representation, to fly the flags of the Euro ...
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Teresa Rodríguez
María Teresa Rodríguez-Rubio Vázquez (; born 18 September 1981) is a Spanish politician. Active in the United Left in her youth, she then set up her own platform, Anticapitalistas. She was a Member of the European Parliament representing Podemos from 2014 to 2015, and was the party's presidential candidate for the 2015 and 2018 Andalusian parliamentary elections. She left Podemos in 2020 and founded Adelante Andalucía (2021). Biography Early life and United Left Rodríguez was born in Rota, Andalusia to parents who ran a perfumery. She studied Arab Philology at the University of Seville, where she took part in her first political activism against the American Naval Station Rota in her hometown, and against the People's Party (PP) reform of universities. Rodríguez was active in the United Left (IU) from an early age, featuring on the United Left/The Greens (IULV) list for the 2000 Andalusian regional election when she was 18. As part of a current named "Espacio Alter ...
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Adelante Andalucía (2021)
Adelante Andalucía ( en, "Forward Andalusia") is an Andalusian regionalist political coalition led by former Podemos Andalusia leader Teresa Rodríguez. The party was established as a refoundation from the late Adelante Andalucía electoral alliance formed by Podemos and United Left/The Greens–Assembly for Andalusia. After announcing their intention to leave Podemos in February 2020, Teresa Rodríguez and the rest of the ex-Podemos parliamentarians affiliated with Anti-capitalists Anti-capitalism is a political ideology and Political movement, movement encompassing a variety of attitudes and ideas that oppose capitalism. In this sense, anti-capitalists are those who wish to replace capitalism with another type of economi ... (Anticapitalistas) were subject to an expulsion from their parliamentary group in October 2020. The party was eventually refounded as a left-wing nationalist organisation in June 2021, with the participation of Anticapitalistas, Andalusian Spring (Pri ...
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Wasted Vote
In electoral systems, a wasted vote is any vote which is not for an elected candidate or, more broadly, a vote that does not help to elect a candidate. The narrower meaning includes ''lost votes'', being only those votes which are for a losing candidate or party. The broader definition of wasted votes includes ''excess votes'', namely votes for winning candidates in excess of the minimum needed to win. Wasted votes and efficiency gap are defined pp. 850–852. In plurality systems, wasted votes are the basis of the ''efficiency gap'' measure, where the shape of electoral districts (or the existence of them) can be quantified to show just how imperfect such a system is at allocating voter preferences. The efficiency gap has been called the most scrutinized method of measuring gerrymandering. Ranked voting almost always reduces wasted votes in plurality systems by offering multiple chances for a vote to count towards a winner, where exhausted ballots include only the ballots where all ...
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Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Of Andalusia
The Spanish Socialist Workers' Party of Andalusia ( es, link=no, Partido Socialista Obrero Español de Andalucía, PSOE–A) is the Andalusian branch of the Spanish Socialist Workers' Party, as well as the largest and most important federation within the PSOE. Formerly known as the Andalusian Socialist Federation (FSA), it was founded in 1977. The party was the ruling party of Andalusia uninterruptedly from 1978 to 2019, having won all regional elections in that time except for the 2012 election, after which it nonetheless was able to maintain the regional government through a coalition with United Left. It lost power for the first time after the 2018 election, when a PP- Cs coalition was formed. In the 2022 election, it worsened its already worst result ever. Leaders Presidents of Andalusia *Plácido Fernández Viagas, 1978–1979 *Rafael Escuredo, 1979–1984 *José Rodríguez de la Borbolla, 1984–1990 * Manuel Chaves, 1990–2009 *Gaspar Zarrías, 2009 ''(acting)'' *Jos ...
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