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Poplar Rates Rebellion
The Poplar Rates Rebellion, or Poplar Rates Revolt, was a tax protest that took place in Poplar, London, England, in 1921. It was led by George Lansbury, the previous year's Labour Mayor of Poplar, with the support of the Poplar Borough Council, most of whom were industrial workers. The protest defied government, the courts, and the Labour Party leadership. George Lansbury would later go on to be the leader of the Labour Party. Background Poplar (now in the London Borough of Tower Hamlets) was one of the poorest districts of London; there was no government support to alleviate the high unemployment, hunger, and poverty in the borough, and the work of Poplar Poor Law Union had to be funded by the borough itself under the poor law. Poplar Borough Council's Labour administration elected in 1919 undertook a comprehensive programme of social reform and poor relief, including equal pay for women and a minimum wage for council workers, far in excess of the market rate. This programme wa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tax Protest
A tax protester is someone who refuses to pay a tax claiming that the tax laws are unconstitutional or otherwise invalid. Tax protesters are different from tax resisters, who refuse to pay taxes as a protest against a government or its policies, or a moral opposition to taxation in general, not out of a belief that the tax law itself is invalid. The United States has a large and organized culture of people who espouse such theories. Tax protesters also exist in other countries. Legal commentator Daniel B. Evans has defined tax protesters as people who "refuse to pay taxes or file tax returns out of a mistaken belief that the federal income tax is unconstitutional, invalid, voluntary, or otherwise does not apply to them under one of a number of bizarre arguments" (divided into several classes: constitutional, conspiracy, administrative, statutory, and arguments based on 16th Amendment and the "861" section of the tax code; see the Tax protester arguments article for an overvie ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mace-bearer
{{Short description, Royal court official with a ceremonial or real mace A mace-bearer, or macebearer, is a person who carries a mace, either a real weapon or ceremonial. Armed When the mace was still in actual use as a weapon, it was deemed fit for close-protection, and hence a mace-bearer could be a bodyguard. Thus in French and Dutch, a ''massier'' (armed with a ''masse d'armes'' 'weapon-mace') could be a member of a formally so-styled guard corps, as in the court of the Dukes of Brabant. In Spain, a macero were originally an armed guard protecting the King of Castile; they were called ''macero'' due to the weapon they wielded, a ''maza'' (i.e., a mace). Otherwise, a normally more domestic servant could double (arming trusted household staff was not unusual) as macebearer, as in the case of the prophet Mohammed's first muezzin, Bilal ibn Ribah Ceremonial As for ceremonial maces, which symbolise the power or status of a monarch, institution or high dignitary, the duty ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
John Scurr
John Scurr (born John Rennie; 6 April 1876 – 10 July 1932) was an English Labour Party politician and trade union official who served as Member of Parliament (MP) for Mile End from 1923 to 1931. Scurr was born in Brisbane, Australia, the son of Louis James Rennie, an immigrant from London, but was adopted by his uncle, Captain John Scurr, and brought to London at six months old. He spent his life in Poplar in the East End, from which his family came, a lifelong supporter of left-wing and Labour causes. In 1900, he married an Irish woman named Julia Sullivan, who became a prominent politician and campaigner for women's rights, who led a deputation (on behalf of Sylvia Pankhurst) to meet Prime Minister Asquith, in 1914 and pleaded for suffrage for women supported by the poor working-class men and women of East London . They had two sons and a daughter born within four years. She died in 1927. He was an accountant and active member of Poplar Trades Council (and later served ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Samuel March
Samuel March (1861-10 August 1935) was a British trade union official and Labour Party politician active in the Poplar area of London. A member of Poplar Borough Council from 1906 until 1927, he was Mayor of Poplar in 1920–21. During his mayoral term he was jailed for taking part in the Poplar Rates Rebellion. He stood for parliament for the constituency of Poplar South at the 1918 general election but was not elected. At the next general election in 1922 he was elected to the House of Commons and held the seat at the next three elections, standing down in 1931. He was also a member of the London County Council for Poplar South from 1919 to 1925. He died at his home in East Ham East Ham is a district of the London Borough of Newham, England, 8 miles (12.8 km) east of Charing Cross. East Ham is identified in the London Plan as a Major Centre. The population is 76,186. It was originally part of the Becontree Hun ... aged 74. References External links * ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Edgar Lansbury (politician)
Edgar Isaac Lansbury (3 April 1887 – 28 May 1935) was a British Communist politician. His daughter was the British-Irish-American actress Angela Lansbury. Life and career Lansbury was the son of Elizabeth (née Brine) and politician George Lansbury, who was leader of the Labour Party during the 1930s. He grew up in Poplar in the East End of London, and joined the Civil Service at a young age. In 1910 he left to set up with his brother as timber merchants.Michael Walker,Edgar Lansbury, Compendium of Communist Biography Lansbury was elected to Poplar Council in 1912, serving alongside his father. He represented both the Labour Party and (after its foundation in 1920) the Communist Party of Great Britain (CPGB). Later in 1912 he worked on his father's campaign for Parliamentary re-election, after resignation over the issue, on a radical platform of women's suffrage at the Bow and Bromley by-election.John Shepherd, A Life on the Left : George Lansbury (1859–1940) : a C ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
David Morgan Adams
David Morgan Adams (23 February 1875 – 19 May 1942) was a British Labour Party politician. He was the son of David Morgan Adams of Ystradowen, near Cowbridge, Glamorgan in South Wales and Bessie Dent of Poplar in the East End of London. He received elementary education in the local school in Ystradowen before entering employment in a coalmine as a teenager. He later joined the Merchant Navy as an able seaman, subsequently working on the light ships maintained by Trinity House. By 1913 he was resident in Poplar, and was elected to the local board of guardians. With the outbreak of the First World War in 1914 he enlisted in the Welsh Regiment, and spent most of the war in India. After the war he was employed in the docks by the Port of London Authority and was an official in the Transport and General Workers Union. In 1919 he was elected as a Labour Party member of Poplar Borough Council, later becoming an alderman and was mayor of Poplar in 1934 – 1935. He was a member of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Minnie Lansbury
Minnie Lansbury née Minnie Glassman (1889 – 1 January 1922) was an English leading suffragette and an alderman on the first Labour-led council in the Metropolitan Borough of Poplar, England. Biography Minnie was the daughter of Annie and Isaac Glassman, a coal merchant. Her parents were Jewish immigrants. She was the first wife (married 1914) of Edgar Lansbury, son of George Lansbury, mayor of Poplar and later leader of the Labour Party. After Minnie's death, Edgar married actress Moyna Macgill and became the father of actor Angela Lansbury, Bruce Lansbury and Edgar Lansbury Jr. Minnie Lansbury became a teacher, and joined the East London Federation of Suffragettes in 1915. She was also chair of the War Pensions Committee, fighting for the rights of widows, orphans and wounded from World War I. She was elected alderman on Poplar’s first Labour council in 1919, after a change in the law allowed some women to receive Parliamentary suffrage and stand as candidates. In 1 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tolstoy
Count Lev Nikolayevich TolstoyTolstoy pronounced his first name as , which corresponds to the romanization ''Lyov''. () (; russian: link=no, Лев Николаевич Толстой,In Tolstoy's day, his name was written as in pre-reformed Russian. ; ), usually referred to in English as Leo Tolstoy, was a Russian writer who is regarded as one of the greatest authors of all time. He received nominations for the Nobel Prize in Literature every year from 1902 to 1906 and for the Nobel Peace Prize in 1901, 1902, and 1909; the fact that he never won is a major controversy. Born to an aristocratic Russian family in 1828, Tolstoy's notable works include the novels ''War and Peace'' (1869) and ''Anna Karenina'' (1878), often cited as pinnacles of realist fiction. He first achieved literary acclaim in his twenties with his semi-autobiographical trilogy, ''Childhood'', '' Boyhood'', and ''Youth'' (1852–1856), and '' Sevastopol Sketches'' (1855), based upon his experiences in t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Susan Lawrence
Arabella Susan Lawrence (12 August 1871 – 24 October 1947) was a British Labour Party politician, one of the earliest female Labour MPs. Early life Lawrence was the youngest daughter of Nathaniel Tertius Lawrence, a wealthy solicitor, and Laura Bacon, daughter of Sir James Bacon, a bankruptcy judge and Vice-Chancellor. Her great grandfather was Abraham Ogden of New Jersey, and she was also descended from the original Nonconformist Philip Henry. Education She was educated in London and at Newnham College, Cambridge. Career Originally a Conservative, she was a member of the London County Council 1910–1912, but after coming under the influence of the trades unionist Mary Macarthur she was converted to socialism, and rejoined the council as a Labour member from 1913 to 1927, becoming deputy chairman of the LCC 1925–26. She joined the Fabian Society, becoming close to Sidney Webb, and especially to his wife Beatrice Webb. During the First World War, she principally ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Noreen Branson
Noreen Branson (16 May 1910 – 25 October 2003) was a British communist activist, historian, founder of ''Revolt'' newspaper, and a life-long member of the Communist Party of Great Britain (CPGB). In 1931 she married fellow communist and International Brigadeer, Clive Branson, and in 1934 she carried out a mission for Harry Pollitt to smuggle funding to Indian communists resisting the British colonial occupation of India. Noreen Branson was most known for her work as a historian, working as a researcher for the Labour Research Department, collaborating with historians Eric Hobsbawm and Roger Simon, and writing the 3rd and 4th volumes of the CPGB's official history. Early life Branson was born on 16 May 1910 in London, her father was colonel Alfred Browne and her paternal grandfather Henry Browne, 5th Marquess of Sligo, a UK and Irish peer. Both of Noreen Branson's parents died when she was eight years old. In August 1918, Noreen's mother died from typhoid fever, and eleven ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Holloway Prison
HM Prison Holloway was a closed category prison for adult women and young offenders in Holloway, London, England, operated by His Majesty's Prison Service. It was the largest women's prison in western Europe, until its closure in 2016. History Holloway prison was opened in 1852 as a mixed-sex prison, but due to growing demand for space for female prisoners, particularly due to the closure of Newgate, it became female-only in 1903. Before the first world war, Holloway was used to imprison those suffragettes who broke the law. These included Emmeline Pankhurst, Emily Davison, Constance Markievicz (also imprisoned for her part in the Irish Rebellion), Charlotte Despard, Mary Richardson, Dora Montefiore, Hanna Sheehy-Skeffington, and Ethel Smyth. In 1959, Joanna Kelley became Governor of Holloway. Kelley ensured that long-term prisoners received the best accommodation and they were allowed to have their own crockery, pictures and curtains. The prison created "family" groups ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Brixton Prison
HM Prison Brixton is a local men's prison, located in Brixton area of the London Borough of Lambeth, in inner-South London. The prison is operated by His Majesty's Prison Service. History The prison was originally built in 1820 and opened as the ''Surrey House of Correction'', Brixton Prison was intended to house 175 prisoners. However, regularly exceeding its capacity supporting over 200 prisoners, overcrowding was an early problem and with its small cells and poor living conditions contributed to its reputation as one of the worst prisons in London (worsened when Brixton became one of the first prisons to introduce penal treadmills in 1821). There is an illustration of prisoners on the 1821 treadmill used to mill corn in Surrey House of Correction. Conditions for women were especially harsh as newly arrived female inmates were made to spend four months in solitary confinement and, following their introduction into the general prison population, would be required to maintai ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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