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Polyplax Spinulosa
''Polyplax spinulosa'' is a sucking louse (Anoplura) from the genus ''Polyplax''. It occurs worldwide and commonly infects its type host, the brown rat (''Rattus norvegicus''), and related species like the black rat (''Rattus rattus''), ''Rattus pyctoris'', ''Rattus nitidus'', ''Rattus argentiventer'', ''Rattus tanezumi'', ''Rattus exulans'', and ''Bandicota indica''. It is also occasionally found in other rodents, such as the marsh rice rat (''Oryzomys palustris'') in North America.Durden, 1988, p. 900 References Literature cited *Durden, L.A. 1988The spiny rat louse, ''Polyplax spinulosa'', as a parasite of the rice rat, ''Oryzomys palustris'', in North America(subscription required). The Journal of Parasitology 74(5):900–901. *Durden, L.A. and Musser, G.G. 1994The sucking lice (Insecta, Anoplura) of the world: a taxonomic checklist with records of mammalian hosts and geographical distributions Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 218:1–90. {{Taxonb ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sucking Louse
Sucking lice (Anoplura, formerly known as Siphunculata) have around 500 species and represent the smaller of the two traditional superfamilies of lice. As opposed to the paraphyletic chewing lice, which are now divided among three suborders, the sucking lice are monophyletic. The Anoplura are all blood-feeding ectoparasites of mammals. They only occur on about 20% of all placentalian mammal species, and are unknown from several orders of mammals ( Monotremata, Edentata, Pholidota, Chiroptera, Cetacea, Sirenia, and Proboscidea).Piotrowski, F. (1992): Anoplura (echte Läuse). de Gruiter; 61 pp. (page 8) They can cause localized skin irritations and are vectors of several blood-borne diseases. Children appear particularly susceptible to attracting lice, possibly due to their fine hair. At least three species or subspecies of Anoplura are parasites of humans; the human condition of being infested with sucking lice is called pediculosis. ''Pediculus humanus'' is divided into two su ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Polyplax
''Polyplax'' is a genus of lice belonging to the family Polyplacidae. The genus has cosmopolitan distribution. Species: *''Polyplax abyssinica'' *''Polyplax acomydis'' *''Polyplax alaskensis'' *''Polyplax antennata'' *''Polyplax arvicanthis'' *''Polyplax asiatica'' *''Polyplax auricularis'' *''Polyplax biseriata'' *''Polyplax blanfordi'' *''Polyplax borealis'' *''Polyplax brachyrrhyncha'' *''Polyplax brachyuromyis'' *''Polyplax bullimae'' *''Polyplax bureschi'' *''Polyplax calomysci'' *''Polyplax caluri'' *''Polyplax cannomydis'' *''Polyplax chinensis'' *''Polyplax cummingsi'' *''Polyplax cutchicus'' *''Polyplax dacnomydi'' *''Polyplax dacnomydis'' *''Polyplax dentaticornis'' *''Polyplax deomydis'' *''Polyplax dolichura'' *''Polyplax ellobii'' *''Polyplax eropepli'' *''Polyplax expressa'' *''Polyplax gerbilli'' *''Polyplax gracilis'' *''Polyplax grammomydis'' *''Polyplax grammomys'' *''Polyplax guatemalensis'' *''Polyplax hannswrangeli'' *''Pol ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Type Host
In biology, a type is a particular specimen (or in some cases a group of specimens) of an organism to which the scientific name of that organism is formally attached. In other words, a type is an example that serves to anchor or centralizes the defining features of that particular taxon. In older usage (pre-1900 in botany), a type was a taxon rather than a specimen. A taxon is a scientifically named grouping of organisms with other like organisms, a set that includes some organisms and excludes others, based on a detailed published description (for example a species description) and on the provision of type material, which is usually available to scientists for examination in a major museum research collection, or similar institution. Type specimen According to a precise set of rules laid down in the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature (ICZN) and the International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants (ICN), the scientific name of every taxon is almost al ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Brown Rat
The brown rat (''Rattus norvegicus''), also known as the common rat, street rat, sewer rat, wharf rat, Hanover rat, Norway rat, Norwegian rat and Parisian rat, is a widespread species of common rat. One of the largest muroids, it is a brown or grey rodent with a head and body length of up to long, and a tail slightly shorter than that. It weighs between . Thought to have originated in northern China and neighbouring areas, this rodent has now spread to all continents except Antarctica, and is the dominant rat in Europe and much of North America. With rare exceptions, the brown rat lives wherever humans live, particularly in urban areas. Selective breeding of the brown rat has produced the fancy rat (rats kept as pets), as well as the laboratory rat (rats used as model organisms in biological research). Both fancy rats and laboratory rats are of the domesticated subspecies ''Rattus norvegicus domestica''. Studies of wild rats in New York City have shown that populations livi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Black Rat
The black rat (''Rattus rattus''), also known as the roof rat, ship rat, or house rat, is a common long-tailed rodent of the stereotypical rat genus ''Rattus'', in the subfamily Murinae. It likely originated in the Indian subcontinent, but is now found worldwide. The black rat is black to light brown in colour with a lighter underside. It is a generalist omnivore and a serious pest to farmers because it feeds on a wide range of agricultural crops. It is sometimes kept as a pet. In parts of India, it is considered sacred and respected in the Karni Mata Temple in Deshnoke. Taxonomy ''Mus rattus'' was the scientific name proposed by Carl Linnaeus in 1758 for the black rat. Three subspecies were once recognized, but today are considered invalid and are now known to be actually color morphs: *''Rattus rattus rattus'' – roof rat *''Rattus rattus alexandrinus'' – Alexandrine rat *''Rattus rattus frugivorus'' – fruit rat Characteristics A typical adult black rat is long, n ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rattus Pyctoris
The Turkestan rat (''Rattus pyctoris'') is a species of rodent in the family Muridae The Muridae, or murids, are the largest family of rodents and of mammals, containing approximately 1,383 species, including many species of mice, rats, and gerbils found naturally throughout Eurasia, Africa, and Australia. The name Muridae come .... Distribution and habitat The species is found throughout continental Asia from Afghanistan to China, at altitudes from 1,200 to 4,250 m. It occurs in montane areas, rocky habitats and frequently near or on cultivated or residential land. References * Rattus Rats of Asia Mammals of Afghanistan Mammals of Pakistan Mammals of Nepal Rodents of China Mammals described in 1845 Taxa named by Brian Houghton Hodgson Taxonomy articles created by Polbot {{Rattus-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rattus Nitidus
The Himalayan field rat (''Rattus nitidus''), sometimes known as the white-footed Indo-Chinese rat, is a species of rodent in the family Muridae. It has a wide range, being found in India, Bangladesh, Nepal, Bhutan, China, Myanmar, Laos, Thailand, and Vietnam, with introduced populations in Indonesia (widely), Palau, and the Philippines. A common species, the International Union for Conservation of Nature has assessed its conservation status as being of "least concern". Taxonomy The Himalayan field rat was first described in 1845 by Brian Houghton Hodgson, a British naturalist and ethnologist who worked in India and Nepal and gave it the name ''Mus nitidus'', but it was later transferred to the genus ''Rattus''. Two subspecies are recognised, ''R. n. nitidus'' and ''R. n. obsoletus''. Recent molecular research has shown that the Himalayan field rat is closely related to the brown rat (''Rattus norvegicus''), and morphological studies confirm this. Description The head-and- ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rattus Argentiventer
The ricefield rat (''Rattus argentiventer'') is a species of rat found throughout Southeast Asia. Description The ricefield rat is a medium-sized rat with a grizzled yellow-brown and black pelage. Its belly is gray in the midline with whiter flanks. The tail is uniformly medium brown. They have chisel-like incisor. The ricefield rat is between 304–400 mm long with a tail length of 140–200 mm and a skull length of 37–41 mm. The average weight of ''Rattus argentiventer'' is around 97 to 219 g. Female have 12 mammae. Young have an orange-colored tuft in front of each ear. Behavior The ricefield rat lives in large groups which consist of a dominant male and high ranking female. When attacked or disturbed they will make squeals and whistles sound. ''Rattus argentiventers main diet includes termites, insects, grasshopper, snails, seeds, nuts, rice, vegetables, and fruits. They feed at night and actively moving at dusk and dawn. During daytime, they can be ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rattus Exulans
The Polynesian rat, Pacific rat or little rat (''Rattus exulans''), known to the Māori as ''kiore'', is the third most widespread species of rat in the world behind the brown rat and black rat. The Polynesian rat originated in Southeast Asia, and like its relatives has become widespread, migrating to most of Polynesia, including New Zealand, Easter Island, and Hawaii. It shares high adaptability with other rat species extending to many environments, from grasslands to forests. It is also closely associated with humans, who provide easy access to food. It has become a major pest in most areas of its distribution. Description The Polynesian rat is similar in appearance to other rats, such as the black rat and the brown rat. It has large, round ears, a pointed snout, black/brown hair with a lighter belly, and comparatively small feet. It has a thin, long body, reaching up to in length from the nose to the base of the tail, making it slightly smaller than other human-associated ra ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bandicota Indica
The greater bandicoot rat or Indian bandicoot rat (''Bandicota indica'') is a species of rodent in the family Muridae found in Bangladesh, China, India, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Nepal, Sri Lanka, Taiwan, Thailand, and Vietnam akistan It can grow to about 27–29 cm without including the tail which can grow to 28 cm. These should not be confused with marsupial bandicoots which inhabit Australia and neighbouring New Guinea, which were named after the bandicota rats. Description The greater bandicoot rat has a dark gray-brown upper parts with a profusion of long, black hairs. Sides are gray with a few long, black hairs. Short, light gray fur occurs on the ventral surfaces. It has a dark and naked, scaly tail, and dark feet with light-colored claws. The young are much lighter in colour. In Sri Lanka, the bandicoot rat is known as - in the Sinhala language, the meaning of which directly translates to "pig-rat". These are one of several animals called in the Ne ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Marsh Rice Rat
The marsh rice rat (''Oryzomys palustris'') is a semiaquatic North American rodent in the family Cricetidae. It usually occurs in wetland habitats, such as swamps and salt marshes. It is found mostly in the eastern and southern United States, from New Jersey and Kansas south to Florida and northeasternmost Tamaulipas, Mexico; its range previously extended further west and north, where it may have been a commensalism, commensal in corn-cultivating communities. Weighing about , the marsh rice rat is a medium-sized rodent that resembles the common black rat, black and brown rat. The upperparts are generally gray-brown, but are reddish in many Florida populations. The feet show several specializations for life in the water. The skull is large and flattened, and is short at the front. John Bachman discovered the marsh rice rat in 1816, and it was formally described in 1837. Several subspecies have been described since the 1890s, mainly from Florida, but disagreement exists over their ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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