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Polyphony Digital
Polyphony Digital is an internal Japanese first-party video game development studio for PlayStation Studios. Originally a development group within Sony Computer Entertainment known as Polys Entertainment, after the success of '' Gran Turismo'' in Japan, they were granted greater autonomy and their name changed to Polyphony Digital. It currently has four studios in Japan, the Netherlands, and the United States. Company overview The studio is best known for the '' Gran Turismo'' racing game series. Led by Kazunori Yamauchi, ''Gran Turismo'' became the most successful racing series for the PlayStation, PlayStation 2 and PlayStation 3. The ''Gran Turismo'' series is designed to be a realistic driving simulator, offering realistic driving physics. In 2006, Polyphony released '' Tourist Trophy'', in an attempt to bring the realism of ''Gran Turismo'' to motorcycle racing. Games developed as Polys Entertainment as Polyphony Digital Other projects Polyphony Digital has also ...
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Subsidiary
A subsidiary, subsidiary company or daughter company is a company owned or controlled by another company, which is called the parent company or holding company. Two or more subsidiaries that either belong to the same parent company or having a same management being substantially controlled by same entity/group are called sister companies. The subsidiary can be a company (usually with limited liability) and may be a government- or state-owned enterprise. They are a common feature of modern business life, and most multinational corporations organize their operations in this way. Examples of holding companies are Berkshire Hathaway, Jefferies Financial Group, The Walt Disney Company, Warner Bros. Discovery, or Citigroup; as well as more focused companies such as IBM, Xerox, and Microsoft. These, and others, organize their businesses into national and functional subsidiaries, often with multiple levels of subsidiaries. Details Subsidiaries are separate, distinct legal entities f ...
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Driving Simulator
Driving simulators are used for entertainment as well as in training of driver's education courses taught in educational institutions and private businesses. They are also used for research purposes in the area of human factors and medical research, to monitor driver behavior, performance, and attention and in the car industry to design and evaluate new vehicles or new advanced driver assistance systems. Training Driving simulators are being increasingly used for training drivers. Versions exist for cars, trucks, buses, etc. Uses * Novice driver training and testing * Professional driver training and testing * Training in critical driving conditions * Testing the effects of impairment on driver performance * Analysis of the driver behaviours * Analysis of driver responses * Evaluating user performances in different conditions (handling of controls) * Assessing fitness to drive for aging drivers * Testing future in-vehicle technologies on drivers or passengers (Human -Machine ...
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Gran Turismo (2009 Video Game)
is a 2009 racing video game developed by Polyphony Digital and published by Sony Computer Entertainment for the PlayStation Portable. The game was announced at Sony's E3 press conference on May 11, 2004, alongside the original PSP. Following five years of delays and speculation, during which it was variously known as ''Gran Turismo Portable'', ''Gran Turismo 4 Mobile'', ''Gran Turismo 5 Mobile'' and ''Gran Turismo 4.5'', it made a reappearance at E3 on June 2, 2009, in playable form. It was released on October 1, 2009, as one of the launch titles for the new PSP Go. As of September 2017, ''Gran Turismo'' has sold 4.67 million units, making it one of the best-selling PSP games. On June 1, 2010, the game was re-released as part of Sony's Greatest Hits budget line of video games. Gameplay The game is centered on an open-ended design. The single player menu presents players with three variables: mode (Time Trial, Single Race, and Drift Trial), car, and track selection. Rewards such ...
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Gran Turismo 5 Prologue
''Gran Turismo 5 Prologue'' (グランツーリスモ5 プロローグ, ''Guran Tsūrisumo 5 Purorōgu'') is a 2007 racing video game developed by Polyphony Digital and published by Sony Computer Entertainment for the PlayStation 3. ''Gran Turismo 5 Prologue'' is a precursor to ''Gran Turismo 5'', in celebration of the series' 10th anniversary. The game has sold 5.09 million copies worldwide, making it the second highest-selling PlayStation 3 exclusive title after its successor, ''Gran Turismo 5''. Gameplay This game introduced the ability to race with up to 16 cars at once to the '' Gran Turismo'' series. According to game developer Polyphony Digital, the NPC's AI has also improved from previous ''Gran Turismo'' games. New to the series is the realistic in-car view feature. It includes functioning speedometers, odometers, reflecting rear-view mirrors, wing mirrors and real-time in-car lighting effects, such as shadows. Players driving with either the control pad or the steer ...
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Gran Turismo HD Concept
''Gran Turismo HD Concept'' (グランツーリスモHDコンセプト ''Guran Tsūrisumo HD Konseputo'') is the first installment of the '' Gran Turismo'' racing series to be released on the PlayStation 3. It was made available as a free download which was released on the PlayStation Store on December 24, 2006. A Blu-ray Disc version, called "Install Disc", was released in Japan in limited quantities in September 2007. The game was intended to be a sneak preview, in the likes of ''Gran Turismo Concept'', preceding the release of a full version title, but the ''Gran Turismo HD'' project was canceled and replaced by ''Gran Turismo 5 Prologue''. Gameplay ''Gran Turismo HD Concept'' includes external view (or rear view) and bumper view, the latter introduces left and right view as seen from the driver's helmet. Left and right views are available with both Sixaxis and steering wheel peripherals although they are not assigned in the wireless controller's default configuration. As a sh ...
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Gran Turismo 4
''Gran Turismo 4'' is a 2004 racing video game for the PlayStation 2, the fourth installment in the main ''Gran Turismo'' series and the sixth for the overall series. It was developed by Polyphony Digital and published by Sony Computer Entertainment and was released on December 28, 2004, in Japan and Hong Kong, February 22, 2005, in North America, and March 9, 2005, in Europe, and has since been re-issued under Sony's 'Greatest Hits' line. Originally planned for a 2003 release, ''Gran Turismo 4'' was delayed for over a year and a half by Polyphony Digital, and had its online mode removed. The game features over 721 cars from 80 manufacturers, from as early as the 1886 Daimler Motor Carriage, and as far into the future as concepts for 2022. The game also features 51 tracks, many of which are new or modified versions of old ''Gran Turismo'' tracks, with some notable real-world additions. ''Gran Turismo 4'' was well-received critically and a commercial success, becoming one of the ...
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Gran Turismo Concept
is a racing video game of the ''Gran Turismo'' series for PlayStation 2 which is developed by Polyphony Digital. It was released in 2002 in Japan, Southeast Asia, Korea, and Europe. The full game was not released in the North American market, although a stripped-down version of it was released in form of ''Gran Turismo: Nissan 350Z Edition''. This short version title followed the release of the full-length version '' Gran Turismo 3: A-Spec'' in 2001 and was eventually followed by ''Gran Turismo 4''. Versions ''2001 Tokyo'' The ''2001 Tokyo'' version features Tokyo Motor Show 2001 concept cars including the Nissan GT-R Concept '01, for a total of 51 cars. The game also comes with a 64-page manual, featuring images of the available cars. It was released in Japan and Southeast Asia on January 1, 2002. As of April 2008, ''Gran Turismo Concept 2001 Tokyo'' has shipped 430,000 copies in Japan and 10,000 in Southeast Asia. ''2002 Tokyo-Seoul'' A second version, ''2002 Tokyo-Seoul'' ...
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Gran Turismo 2
''Gran Turismo 2'' is a 1999 racing game developed by Polyphony Digital and published by Sony Computer Entertainment for the PlayStation. It is the sequel to '' Gran Turismo''. It was well-received critically and financially, shipping 1.71 million copies in Japan, 0.02 million in Southeast Asia, 3.96 million in North America, and 3.68 million in Europe for a total of 9.37 million copies as of April 30, 2008, and eventually becoming a Sony Greatest Hits game. The title received an average of 93% in Metacritic's aggregate. Gameplay ''Gran Turismo 2'' is a racing game. The player must maneuver an automobile to compete against artificially intelligent drivers on various race tracks. The game uses two different modes: Arcade Mode and Simulation Mode (Gran Turismo Mode in PAL and Japanese versions). In the arcade mode, the player can freely choose vehicles they wish to use, and can enable damage, while the simulation mode requires the player to earn driver's ...
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Omega Boost
is a three dimensional shoot 'em up developed by Polyphony Digital and Cyberhead for the PlayStation. It was released in 1999 throughout Japan, North America, and Europe by Sony Computer Entertainment. The game features mecha designs by Shoji Kawamori of ''Macross'' fame. Being released late in the PlayStation's life, ''Omega Boost'' is said to have some of the best graphics on the console with parts of the game running at 60 frame/s. The game was criticized by some reviewers for being too short (Nine levels with nine unlockable special missions) and simplistic. However, it is still considered one of the best ''Macross''-style mecha simulation games produced and is thought of by many as a sleeper hit due to its poor marketing. ''Omega Boost'' is so far the only non-racing game developed by Polyphony Digital, whose works comprise almost solely of racing simulators. Gameplay The gameplay takes place in waves, meaning that enemies will appear in the same groups and formations ...
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Motor Toon Grand Prix 2
''Motor Toon Grand Prix 2'' is a racing video game released in 1996. It was developed by a development group within SCE that later formed Polyphony Digital. It was released in the US as ''Motor Toon Grand Prix'' and Japan as ''Motor Toon Grand Prix USA Edition'', since its predecessor never left Japan, although the European version kept the original Japanese title for unknown reasons. In 2002, the game was re-released in Europe in a Twin Pack with '' Gran Turismo'', Kazunori Yamauchi's following game. In 2010, the game was re-released on PlayStation Network. The game is compatible with Namco's neGcon analogue controller. Characters *Captain Rock (Pilot) *Bolbox (Robot) *Penguin Bros. (Mafia Penguins) *Princess Jean (Spoiled Princess) *Raptor & Raptor (Extra-Terrestrials) *Ching Tong Chang (Chinese race car driver) *Vanity (Motor-bike driver) *Billy the tough (Train Driver) Raptor & Raptor drive faster in reverse, and the left/right controls are not reversed whilst doing so. Re ...
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PlayStation (console)
The (abbreviated as PS, commonly known as the PS1/PS one or its codename PSX) is a home video game console developed and marketed by Sony Computer Entertainment. It was released in Japan on 3 December 1994, in North America on 9 September 1995, in Europe on 29 September 1995, and in Australia on 15 November 1995. As a fifth-generation console, the PlayStation primarily competed with the Nintendo 64 and the Sega Saturn. Sony began developing the PlayStation after a failed venture with Nintendo to create a CD-ROM peripheral for the Super Nintendo Entertainment System in the early 1990s. The console was primarily designed by Ken Kutaragi and Sony Computer Entertainment in Japan, while additional development was outsourced in the United Kingdom. An emphasis on 3D polygon graphics was placed at the forefront of the console's design. PlayStation game production was designed to be streamlined and inclusive, enticing the support of many third-party developers. The console proved ...
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