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Polygonia Faunus Silvius
''Polygonia'' (from Greek πολύς - ''polys'', "many" and γωνία - ''gōnia'', "angle") is a genus of butterflies with a conspicuous white mark on the underside of each hindwing, hence the common name comma. They also have conspicuous angular notches on the outer edges of their forewings, hence the other common name anglewing butterflies. The related genus '' Nymphalis'' also includes some anglewing species; ''Polygonia'' is sometimes classified as a subgenus of ''Nymphalis''. Many members of ''Polygonia'' hibernate as adults. Species include:Wahlberg, N. et al. (2009)Timing major conflict between mitochondrial and nuclear genes in species relationships of ''Polygonia'' butterflies (Nymphalidae: Nymphalini).''BMC Evolutionary Biology'' 9:92. * '' Polygonia c-album'' (Linnaeus, 1758) – comma * ''Polygonia c-aureum'' (Linnaeus, 1758) – Asian comma * ''Polygonia comma'' (Harris, 1842) – eastern comma * ''Polygonia egea'' (Cramer, 1775) – southern comma * ''Polygoni ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Polygonia C-album
''Polygonia c-album'', the comma, is a food generalist ( polyphagous) butterfly species belonging to the family Nymphalidae. The angular notches on the edges of the forewings are characteristic of the genus ''Polygonia'', which is why species in the genus are commonly referred to as anglewing butterflies. Comma butterflies can be identified by their prominent orange and dark brown/black dorsal wings. To reduce predation, both the larval and adult stages exhibit protective camouflage, mimicking bird droppings and fallen leaves, respectively. During the later stage of development, the larvae also develop strong spines along their backs. The species is commonly found in Europe, North Africa, and Asia, and contains several subspecies. Although the species is not migratory, the butterflies are strong fliers, resulting in an open population structure with high gene flow and increased genetic variation. Description The outer margins of the wings are strongly and irregularly dentate, e ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Polygonia G-argenteum
''Polygonia'' (from Greek πολύς - ''polys'', "many" and γωνία - ''gōnia'', "angle") is a genus of butterflies with a conspicuous white mark on the underside of each hindwing, hence the common name comma. They also have conspicuous angular notches on the outer edges of their forewings, hence the other common name anglewing butterflies. The related genus '' Nymphalis'' also includes some anglewing species; ''Polygonia'' is sometimes classified as a subgenus of ''Nymphalis''. Many members of ''Polygonia'' hibernate as adults. Species include:Wahlberg, N. et al. (2009)Timing major conflict between mitochondrial and nuclear genes in species relationships of ''Polygonia'' butterflies (Nymphalidae: Nymphalini).''BMC Evolutionary Biology'' 9:92. * '' Polygonia c-album'' (Linnaeus, 1758) – comma * ''Polygonia c-aureum'' (Linnaeus, 1758) – Asian comma * ''Polygonia comma'' (Harris, 1842) – eastern comma * ''Polygonia egea'' (Cramer, 1775) – southern comma * ''Polygoni ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Polygonia Zephyrus
''Polygonia'' (from Greek πολύς - ''polys'', "many" and γωνία - ''gōnia'', "angle") is a genus of butterflies with a conspicuous white mark on the underside of each hindwing, hence the common name comma. They also have conspicuous angular notches on the outer edges of their forewings, hence the other common name anglewing butterflies. The related genus '' Nymphalis'' also includes some anglewing species; ''Polygonia'' is sometimes classified as a subgenus of ''Nymphalis''. Many members of ''Polygonia'' hibernate as adults. Species include:Wahlberg, N. et al. (2009)Timing major conflict between mitochondrial and nuclear genes in species relationships of ''Polygonia'' butterflies (Nymphalidae: Nymphalini).''BMC Evolutionary Biology'' 9:92. * '' Polygonia c-album'' (Linnaeus, 1758) – comma * ''Polygonia c-aureum'' (Linnaeus, 1758) – Asian comma * ''Polygonia comma'' (Harris, 1842) – eastern comma * ''Polygonia egea'' (Cramer, 1775) – southern comma * ''Polygoni ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Polygonia Undina
''Polygonia undina'' is a butterfly of the family Nymphalidae first described by Grigory Grum-Grshimailo in 1890. It is found from Ghissar-Darvaz to the Pamirs-Alai and Tian-Shan in north-western China and the Himalayas. Taxonomy It was treated as a subspecies of ''Polygonia egea'', but DNA analysis Genetic testing, also known as DNA testing, is used to identify changes in DNA sequence or chromosome structure. Genetic testing can also include measuring the results of genetic changes, such as RNA analysis as an output of gene expression, or ... concluded it deserves species status. References Further reading * * Nymphalini Butterflies described in 1890 Taxa named by Grigory Grum-Grshimailo Butterflies of Asia {{Nymphalinae-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Polygonia Satyrus
''Polygonia satyrus'', the satyr comma, is a North American butterfly of the nymphalid family. It is primarily found in western Canada, where it is locally common. It bears a resemblance to ''Polygonia comma ''Polygonia comma'', the eastern comma, is a North American butterfly in the family Nymphalidae, subfamily Nymphalinae. Description This butterfly is seasonally variable. The upperside of the summer form's hindwings are all black, whereas the ...'', the eastern comma, with which it is frequently confused. Its caterpillars feed on Urtica dioica - Stinging Nettle. External links Satyr comma Butterflies of Canada Nymphalini Butterflies of North America Taxa named by William Henry Edwards Butterflies described in 1869 {{Nymphalinae-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Polygonia Progne
''Polygonia progne'', the gray comma or grey comma, is a species of ''Polygonia'' that occurs in North America. Description Its wingspan is between 4.4 and 6.3 cm. The top of the wings is bright orange brown while the summer forms often have a dark border on the hindwing. Both winter and summer forms have few yellow spots on their wing borders. The underside of the wings have L-shaped silver markings and are charcoal gray. Habitat They can often be found around dirt roads and stream beds. Most often they are found in hilly terrain or canyon lands. Life cycle The adults are on wing two times a year, once in April and May and another in June and August. During the first flight the adults mate and lay eggs. These eggs will hatch and become the summer generation. The summer generation's eggs will hatch in October and hibernate. Larval foods * Gooseberry * Azalea Adult foods * Plant sap * Rarely flower nectar Nectar is a sugar-rich liquid produced by plants in gland ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Polygonia Oreas
''Polygonia oreas'', the oreas comma, is a butterfly of the family Nymphalidae. It is found in North America in the mountains from southern British Columbia and southwestern Alberta to northern California. The wingspan is 42–52 mm. The butterfly flies from June to October depending on the location. Its habitats include coastal redwood forests and mountain conifer forests. The larvae feed on '' Ribes'' species. Adults feed on tree sap and rotting fruit; they rarely feed on flower nectar. Similar species *Green comma (''P. faunus'') *Grey comma ''Polygonia progne'', the gray comma or grey comma, is a species of ''Polygonia'' that occurs in North America. Description Its wingspan is between 4.4 and 6.3 cm. The top of the wings is bright orange brown while the summer forms often ha ... (''P. progne'') References External links Oreas comma Butterflies and Skippers of North AmericaOreas comma Butterflies of Canada Nymphalini Butterflies of North Americ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Polygonia Interrogationis
''Polygonia interrogationis'', commonly called the question mark butterfly, is a North American nymphalid butterfly. It lives in wooded areas, city parks, generally in areas with a combination of trees and open space. The color and textured appearance of the underside of its wings combine to provide camouflage that resembles a dead leaf. The adult butterfly has a wingspan of . Its flight period is from May to September. "The silver mark on the underside of the hindwing is broken into two parts, a curved line and a dot, creating a ?-shaped mark that gives the species its common name." Lifecycle Like other species in the order of Lepidoptera, the question mark is a holometabolous insect that undergoes four life stages. These four life stages are embryo (ova or egg), larva (in this case, caterpillar), pupa (chrysalis), and imago (or adult/ butterfly). Eggs After the male has found the female perching on a tree or in the grass, courting ensues, after which the mating of the two occ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Polygonia Interposita
''Polygonia interposita'' is a butterfly of the family Nymphalidae. It is found from Ghissar to the Altai Mountains, north-western China China, officially the People's Republic of China (PRC), is a country in East Asia. It is the world's most populous country, with a population exceeding 1.4 billion, slightly ahead of India. China spans the equivalent of five time zones and ..., the Himalayas and Mongolia. The habitat consists of gorges and slopes up to 2,500 meters above sea level. Adults are on wing from March to October in two generations per year. Subspecies *''Polygonia interposita interposita'' (Ghissar-Darvaz, Pamirs-Alai, Tian-Shan, Saur, Tarbagatai, Dzhungarsky Alatau, Altai) *''Polygonia interposita adya'' Churkin, 2003 (Mongolia) *''Polygonia interposita tibetana'' Elwes, 1888 (north-western China) References Nymphalini Butterflies described in 1881 Taxa named by Otto Staudinger Butterflies of Asia {{Nymphalinae-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Polygonia Haroldii
''Polygonia'' (from Greek πολύς - ''polys'', "many" and γωνία - ''gōnia'', "angle") is a genus of butterflies with a conspicuous white mark on the underside of each hindwing, hence the common name comma. They also have conspicuous angular notches on the outer edges of their forewings, hence the other common name anglewing butterflies. The related genus '' Nymphalis'' also includes some anglewing species; ''Polygonia'' is sometimes classified as a subgenus of ''Nymphalis''. Many members of ''Polygonia'' hibernate as adults. Species include:Wahlberg, N. et al. (2009)Timing major conflict between mitochondrial and nuclear genes in species relationships of ''Polygonia'' butterflies (Nymphalidae: Nymphalini).''BMC Evolutionary Biology'' 9:92. * '' Polygonia c-album'' (Linnaeus, 1758) – comma * ''Polygonia c-aureum'' (Linnaeus, 1758) – Asian comma * ''Polygonia comma'' (Harris, 1842) – eastern comma * ''Polygonia egea'' (Cramer, 1775) – southern comma * ''Polygoni ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Polygonia Gracilis
The hoary comma (''Polygonia gracilis'') is a species of butterfly, common in boreal North America North America is a continent in the Northern Hemisphere and almost entirely within the Western Hemisphere. It is bordered to the north by the Arctic Ocean, to the east by the Atlantic Ocean, to the southeast by South America and the Car ... from Alaska, across southern Canada to New England and the Maritime Provinces and south to New Mexico from the Rocky Mountains to the Pacific Ocean. The wings have a distinctive ragged edge. Adult butterflies feed on tree sap and nectar from sweet everlasting (''Gnaphalium'') as well as other flowers. Caterpillars feed on shrub leaves including currant (''Ribes''), western azalea (''Rhododendron occidentale'') and mock azalea (''Rhododendron menziesii''). The species survives the winter in the adult stage in diapause and mate and lay eggs in the spring. Butterflies emerge from their chrysalids in midsummer. References Exte ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Polygonia Gigantea
''Polygonia gigantea'', the giant comma, is a butterfly of the family Nymphalidae. It is found in western and central China China, officially the People's Republic of China (PRC), is a country in East Asia. It is the world's most populous country, with a population exceeding 1.4 billion, slightly ahead of India. China spans the equivalent of five time zones and .... The wingspan is about 72 mm. References Nymphalini Butterflies described in 1883 Taxa named by John Henry Leech {{Nymphalinae-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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