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Plunger (1897)
USS ''Plunger'' was an experimental submarine built for the United States Navy. She was ordered in 1895 and launched in 1897, but was never commissioned for active service. She is not to be confused with the later , a.k.a. ''A-1'', which served in the Navy from 1903 to 1913. Background On 3 March 1893, the United States Congress authorized the first "submarine torpedo boat" to be built for the U.S. Navy. Inventor and submarine pioneer John P. Holland won a Navy design competition in 1895 to build it with his design for a submarine powered by a steam engine. The Navy ordered Holland's design and awarded a contract for her construction on 13 March 1895 to Holland's firm, the Holland Torpedo Boat Company. While building ''Plunger'', Holland concluded that steam power would never be suitable in a submarine, and he abandoned construction of ''Plunger'' in favor of the construction of ''Holland VI'', powered by a gasoline engine, which he funded personally. Accordingly, the Navy ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ship Commissioning
Ship commissioning is the act or ceremony of placing a ship in active service and may be regarded as a particular application of the general concepts and practices of project commissioning. The term is most commonly applied to placing a warship in active duty with its country's military forces. The ceremonies involved are often rooted in centuries-old naval tradition. Ship naming and launching endow a ship hull with her identity, but many milestones remain before she is completed and considered ready to be designated a commissioned ship. The engineering plant, weapon and electronic systems, galley, and other equipment required to transform the new hull into an operating and habitable warship are installed and tested. The prospective commanding officer, ship's officers, the petty officers, and seamen who will form the crew report for training and familiarization with their new ship. Before commissioning, the new ship undergoes sea trials to identify any deficiencies needing co ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Westport, Connecticut
Westport is a town in Fairfield County, Connecticut, United States, along the Long Island Sound within Connecticut's Gold Coast. It is northeast of New York City. The town had a population of 27,141 according to the 2020 U.S. Census. History The earliest known inhabitants of the Westport area as identified through archaeological finds date back 7,500 years. Records from the first white settlers report the Pequot Indians living in the area which they called ''Machamux'' translated by the colonialists as ''beautiful land''. Settlement by colonialists dates back to the five '' Bankside Farmers''; whose families grew and prospered into a community that continued expanding. The settlers arrived in 1693, having followed cattle to the isolated area. The community had its own ecclesiastical society, supported by independent civil and religious elements, enabling it to be independent from the Town of Fairfield. As the settlement expanded its name changed: it was briefly known as "Ban ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Plunger-class Submarine
The ''Plunger'' class was an early class of United States Navy submarines. In the first years of their service, they were used primarily as training and experimental vessels for the newly formed "silent service" to familiarize naval personnel with the performance and operations of such craft. They were known as the "A class" after being renamed to A-type designations (''A-1'' through ''A-7'') on 17 November 1911. All except ''Plunger'' ended up being stationed in the Philippines, an American possession, prior to the outbreak of World War I. They were shipped there on colliers (coal-carrying ships) and formed an integral part of the harbor defense system for Manila. In some instances, this class of submarines is referred to as the ''Adder'' class, as USS ''Adder'' was the first boat of the class to be completed.Gardiner, p. 127Friedman, pp. 27-31 Design and construction These boats were essentially an enlarged and improved version of the ''Holland'', with a much more powerfu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
USS Plunger (SS-2)
USS ''Plunger'' (SS-2) was one of the earliest submarines of the United States Navy. She was the lead boat of her class and was later renamed ''A-1'' when she was designated an A-type submarine. She is not to be confused with the experimental submarine ''Plunger'' which was evaluated by the U.S. Navy from 1898 to 1900, but not accepted or commissioned. Early service ''Plunger'' was originally laid down on 21 May 1901 at Elizabethport, New Jersey, at Lewis Nixon's Crescent Shipyard. Arthur Leopold Busch supervised the construction of the A-Class submarines built there. The prototype Fulton experimental craft was laid down at Isaac Rice's Electric Boat Company prior to these first A-class submarines. She was launched on 1 February 1902, and commissioned at the Holland Torpedo Boat Company yard at Holland Torpedo Boat Station, New Suffolk, New York on 19 September 1903. Assigned to the Naval Torpedo Station at Newport, Rhode Island for experimental torpedo work, ''Plu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Long Island, New York
Long Island is a densely populated island in the southeastern region of the U.S. state of New York, part of the New York metropolitan area. With over 8 million people, Long Island is the most populous island in the United States and the 18th-most populous in the world. The island begins at New York Harbor approximately east of Manhattan Island and extends eastward about into the Atlantic Ocean and 23 miles wide at its most distant points. The island comprises four counties: Kings and Queens counties (the New York City boroughs of Brooklyn and Queens, respectively) and Nassau County share the western third of the island, while Suffolk County occupies the eastern two thirds of the island. More than half of New York City's residents (58.4%) lived on Long Island as of 2020, in Brooklyn and in Queens. Culturally, many people in the New York metropolitan area colloquially use the term "Long Island" (or "the Island") to refer exclusively to Nassau and Suffolk counties, and co ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
New Suffolk, New York
New Suffolk is a census-designated place (CDP) that roughly corresponds to the hamlet by the same name in the Town of Southold in Suffolk County, New York, United States. The CDP's population was 349 at the 2010 census. History The submarine USS ''Holland'' (SS-1), the first commissioned submarine in the U.S. Navy, along with five other Holland Torpedo Boat Company-designed submarines of the ''Plunger'' class, were based in New Suffolk's Holland Torpedo Boat Station between 1899 and 1905, prompting the hamlet to claim to be the "First Submarine Base" in the United States. The location of the "submarine base" was on 1st Street between Main and King Streets. The name of Mr. Holland's company was changed to Electric Boat during this time. In 2007, N ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Holland Torpedo Boat Station
Holland Torpedo Boat Station is where the first United States Navy submarines were stationed for trials and training of submarine crews from 1899 to 1905. Holland Torpedo Boat Station was located in the community of Hamlet in New Suffolk, New York. Hamlet claims to be the first submarine base in the United States. The USS ''Holland'' was based at Hamlet's Holland Torpedo Boat Station from 1899 to 1905. Seven submarines built by the Holland Torpedo Boat Company – Electric Boat Company were stationed at Hamlet. Holland Torpedo Boat Station at Cutchogue Harbor was not designated a submarine base by the US Navy. The US Navy gave that title to Naval Submarine Base New London as the first submarine base. Naval Submarine Base New London was commissioned by the US Navy in 1916 as a dedicated submarine base. History At Holland Torpedo Boat Station the first US Navy submarine, the which was launched in May 1897 was tested. The USS ''Holland'' was acquired by the Navy on 11 April 190 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Baltimore, Maryland
Baltimore ( , locally: or ) is the List of municipalities in Maryland, most populous city in the U.S. state of Maryland, fourth most populous city in the Mid-Atlantic (United States), Mid-Atlantic, and List of United States cities by population, the 30th most populous city in the United States with a population of 585,708 in 2020. Baltimore was designated an Independent city (United States), independent city by the Constitution of Maryland in 1851, and today is the most populous independent city in the United States. As of 2021, the population of the Baltimore metropolitan area was estimated to be 2,838,327, making it the List of metropolitan areas of the United States, 20th largest metropolitan area in the country. Baltimore is located about north northeast of Washington, D.C., making it a principal city in the Washington–Baltimore combined statistical area, Washington–Baltimore combined statistical area (CSA), the third-largest combined statistical area, CSA in the nat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Columbia Iron Works
The Columbian Iron Works and Dry Dock Company (1872–1899), was located in Baltimore, Maryland on the Locust Point peninsula, adjacent to Fort McHenry. Founded by William T. Malster (1843–1907) who later partnered with William B. Reaney in 1879, it opened for business on 16 July 1880. The company was located on adjacent to Fort McHenry where it leased the property from the Baltimore Dry Dock Company. It built several early vessels of the United States Navy and United States Revenue Cutter Service, including: * USRC ''Tench Coxe'' * USRC ''Seminole'' * USS ''Detroit'' * USS ''Petrel'' * USS ''Montgomery'' * USS ''Foote'' * USS ''Rodgers'' * USS ''Winslow'' * USS ''McKee'' * USS ''Tingey'' It also built the ''Argonaut'', a submarine designed by Simon Lake, and ''Plunger'', a submarine designed by John Philip Holland for the U.S. Navy that was not accepted. It went into receivership in 1899 and was reorganized as Baltimore Shipbuilding & Dry Dock Company and was pur ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Camera Lucida
A ''camera lucida'' is an optical device used as a drawing aid by artists and microscopists. The ''camera lucida'' performs an optical superimposition of the subject being viewed upon the surface upon which the artist is drawing. The artist sees both scene and drawing surface simultaneously, as in a photographic double exposure. This allows the artist to duplicate key points of the scene on the drawing surface, thus aiding in the accurate rendering of perspective. History The ''camera lucida'' was patented in 1806 by the English chemist William Hyde Wollaston. The basic optics were described 200 years earlier by the German astronomer Johannes Kepler in his ''Dioptrice'' (1611), but there is no evidence he or his contemporaries constructed a working ''camera lucida''. By the 19th century, Kepler's description had fallen into oblivion, so Wollaston's claim was never challenged. The term "''camera lucida''" (Latin "well-lit room" as opposed to ''camera obscura'' "dark room") ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
John Philip Holland
John Philip Holland ( ga, Seán Pilib Ó hUallacháin/Ó Maolchalann) (24 February 184112 August 1914) was an Irish engineer who developed the first submarine to be formally commissioned by the US Navy, and the first Royal Navy submarine, ''Holland 1''. Early life Holland, the second of four siblings, all boys, was born in a coastguard cottage in Liscannor, County Clare, Ireland''John P. Holland (1841–1914) – Inventor of the Modern Submarine'' by Richard K. Morris, United States Naval Institute (publisher), Annapolis, MD: © 1966, Library of Congress Catalog Card No. 66-20239, pp. 13–14. where his father, John Sr., was a member of the Royal Coastguard Service. His mother, a native Irish speaker from Liscannor, Máire Ní Scannláin (aka Mary Scanlan), was John Holland's second wife; his first, Anne Foley Holland, believed to be a native of Kilkee, died in 1835. The area was heavily Irish-speaking and Holland learned English properly only when he attended the local Engli ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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