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Pleodorina Californica
''Pleodorina'' is a genus of colonial green algae in the family Volvocaceae. Description by Gilbert M. Smith (1920, pp 96–97).Smith, GM. Phytoplankton of Inland Lakes of Wisconsin, Part I, Wisconsin Geological and Natural History Survey, Madison, WI. (1920). ''Pleodorina'' Shaw 1894: Colonies always motile; spherical to sub-spherical, with 32-128 cells lying some distance from one another just within the periphery of the homogeneous, hyaline, gelatinous, colonial envelope and not connected by cytoplasmic strands. Cells differentiated into those that are purely vegetative in character and those capable of dividing to form daughter colonies. All but four cells of the colony reproductive or about half reproductive and half vegetative. Cells spherical to ovoid in shape. Vegetative cells with a cup-shaped chloroplast containing one pyrenoid; a large anterior eyespot; two cilia of equal length with two contractile vacuoles at their base. Reproductive cells at first like the vegetativ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pleodorina Californica
''Pleodorina'' is a genus of colonial green algae in the family Volvocaceae. Description by Gilbert M. Smith (1920, pp 96–97).Smith, GM. Phytoplankton of Inland Lakes of Wisconsin, Part I, Wisconsin Geological and Natural History Survey, Madison, WI. (1920). ''Pleodorina'' Shaw 1894: Colonies always motile; spherical to sub-spherical, with 32-128 cells lying some distance from one another just within the periphery of the homogeneous, hyaline, gelatinous, colonial envelope and not connected by cytoplasmic strands. Cells differentiated into those that are purely vegetative in character and those capable of dividing to form daughter colonies. All but four cells of the colony reproductive or about half reproductive and half vegetative. Cells spherical to ovoid in shape. Vegetative cells with a cup-shaped chloroplast containing one pyrenoid; a large anterior eyespot; two cilia of equal length with two contractile vacuoles at their base. Reproductive cells at first like the vegetativ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pleodorina Illinoisiensis
''Pleodorina'' is a genus of colonial green algae in the family Volvocaceae. Description by Gilbert M. Smith (1920, pp 96–97).Smith, GM. Phytoplankton of Inland Lakes of Wisconsin, Part I, Wisconsin Geological and Natural History Survey, Madison, WI. (1920). ''Pleodorina'' Shaw 1894: Colonies always motile; spherical to sub-spherical, with 32-128 cells lying some distance from one another just within the periphery of the homogeneous, hyaline, gelatinous, colonial envelope and not connected by cytoplasmic strands. Cells differentiated into those that are purely vegetative in character and those capable of dividing to form daughter colonies. All but four cells of the colony reproductive or about half reproductive and half vegetative. Cells spherical to ovoid in shape. Vegetative cells with a cup-shaped chloroplast containing one pyrenoid; a large anterior eyespot; two cilia of equal length with two contractile vacuoles at their base. Reproductive cells at first like the vegetativ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pleodorina Indica
''Pleodorina'' is a genus of colonial green algae in the family Volvocaceae. Description by Gilbert M. Smith (1920, pp 96–97).Smith, GM. Phytoplankton of Inland Lakes of Wisconsin, Part I, Wisconsin Geological and Natural History Survey, Madison, WI. (1920). ''Pleodorina'' Shaw 1894: Colonies always motile; spherical to sub-spherical, with 32-128 cells lying some distance from one another just within the periphery of the homogeneous, hyaline, gelatinous, colonial envelope and not connected by cytoplasmic strands. Cells differentiated into those that are purely vegetative in character and those capable of dividing to form daughter colonies. All but four cells of the colony reproductive or about half reproductive and half vegetative. Cells spherical to ovoid in shape. Vegetative cells with a cup-shaped chloroplast containing one pyrenoid; a large anterior eyespot; two cilia of equal length with two contractile vacuoles at their base. Reproductive cells at first like the vegetativ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pleodorina Japonica
''Pleodorina'' is a genus of colonial green algae in the family Volvocaceae. Description by Gilbert M. Smith (1920, pp 96–97).Smith, GM. Phytoplankton of Inland Lakes of Wisconsin, Part I, Wisconsin Geological and Natural History Survey, Madison, WI. (1920). ''Pleodorina'' Shaw 1894: Colonies always motile; spherical to sub-spherical, with 32-128 cells lying some distance from one another just within the periphery of the homogeneous, hyaline, gelatinous, colonial envelope and not connected by cytoplasmic strands. Cells differentiated into those that are purely vegetative in character and those capable of dividing to form daughter colonies. All but four cells of the colony reproductive or about half reproductive and half vegetative. Cells spherical to ovoid in shape. Vegetative cells with a cup-shaped chloroplast containing one pyrenoid; a large anterior eyespot; two cilia of equal length with two contractile vacuoles at their base. Reproductive cells at first like the vegetativ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pleodorina Starrii
''Pleodorina'' is a genus of colonial green algae in the family Volvocaceae. Description by Gilbert M. Smith (1920, pp 96–97).Smith, GM. Phytoplankton of Inland Lakes of Wisconsin, Part I, Wisconsin Geological and Natural History Survey, Madison, WI. (1920). ''Pleodorina'' Shaw 1894: Colonies always motile; spherical to sub-spherical, with 32-128 cells lying some distance from one another just within the periphery of the homogeneous, hyaline, gelatinous, colonial envelope and not connected by cytoplasmic strands. Cells differentiated into those that are purely vegetative in character and those capable of dividing to form daughter colonies. All but four cells of the colony reproductive or about half reproductive and half vegetative. Cells spherical to ovoid in shape. Vegetative cells with a cup-shaped chloroplast containing one pyrenoid; a large anterior eyespot; two cilia of equal length with two contractile vacuoles at their base. Reproductive cells at first like the vegetativ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pleodorina Thompsonii
''Pleodorina'' is a genus of colonial green algae in the family Volvocaceae. Description by Gilbert M. Smith (1920, pp 96–97).Smith, GM. Phytoplankton of Inland Lakes of Wisconsin, Part I, Wisconsin Geological and Natural History Survey, Madison, WI. (1920). ''Pleodorina'' Shaw 1894: Colonies always motile; spherical to sub-spherical, with 32-128 cells lying some distance from one another just within the periphery of the homogeneous, hyaline, gelatinous, colonial envelope and not connected by cytoplasmic strands. Cells differentiated into those that are purely vegetative in character and those capable of dividing to form daughter colonies. All but four cells of the colony reproductive or about half reproductive and half vegetative. Cells spherical to ovoid in shape. Vegetative cells with a cup-shaped chloroplast containing one pyrenoid; a large anterior eyespot; two cilia of equal length with two contractile vacuoles at their base. Reproductive cells at first like the vegetativ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Genus
Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus comes above species and below family (taxonomy), family. In binomial nomenclature, the genus name forms the first part of the binomial species name for each species within the genus. :E.g. ''Panthera leo'' (lion) and ''Panthera onca'' (jaguar) are two species within the genus ''Panthera''. ''Panthera'' is a genus within the family Felidae. The composition of a genus is determined by taxonomy (biology), taxonomists. The standards for genus classification are not strictly codified, so different authorities often produce different classifications for genera. There are some general practices used, however, including the idea that a newly defined genus should fulfill these three criteria to be descriptively useful: # monophyly – all descendants ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Algae
Algae (; singular alga ) is an informal term for a large and diverse group of photosynthetic eukaryotic organisms. It is a polyphyletic grouping that includes species from multiple distinct clades. Included organisms range from unicellular microalgae, such as ''Chlorella,'' ''Prototheca'' and the diatoms, to multicellular forms, such as the giant kelp, a large brown alga which may grow up to in length. Most are aquatic and autotrophic (they generate food internally) and lack many of the distinct cell and tissue types, such as stomata, xylem and phloem that are found in land plants. The largest and most complex marine algae are called seaweeds, while the most complex freshwater forms are the ''Charophyta'', a division of green algae which includes, for example, ''Spirogyra'' and stoneworts. No definition of algae is generally accepted. One definition is that algae "have chlorophyll ''a'' as their primary photosynthetic pigment and lack a sterile covering of cells around thei ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Volvocaceae
The Volvocaceae are a family of unicellular or colonial biflagellates, including the typical genus ''Volvox''. The family was named by Ehrenberg in 1834,From p. 281: ''"VOLVOCINA Nova Familia."'' (Volvocina New Family.) ote: According to p. 145, Ehrenberg's paper was first presented in 1832, revised somewhat, and published in 1834./ref> and is known in older classifications as the Volvocidae. All species are colonial and inhabit freshwater environments. Description The simplest of the Volvocaeans are ordered assemblies of cells, each similar to the related unicellular protist ''Chlamydomonas'' and embedded in a gelatinous matrix. In the genus ''Gonium'', for example, each individual organism is a flat plate consisting of 4 to 16 separate cells, each with two flagella. Similarly, the genera ''Eudorina'' and ''Pandorina'' form hollow spheres, the former consisting of 16 cells, the latter of 32 to 64 cells. In these genera each cell can reproduce a new organism by mitosis.Scot ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
National Center For Biotechnology Information
The National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) is part of the United States National Library of Medicine (NLM), a branch of the National Institutes of Health (NIH). It is approved and funded by the government of the United States. The NCBI is located in Bethesda, Maryland, and was founded in 1988 through legislation sponsored by US Congressman Claude Pepper. The NCBI houses a series of databases relevant to biotechnology and biomedicine and is an important resource for bioinformatics tools and services. Major databases include GenBank for DNA sequences and PubMed, a bibliographic database for biomedical literature. Other databases include the NCBI Epigenomics database. All these databases are available online through the Entrez search engine. NCBI was directed by David Lipman, one of the original authors of the BLAST sequence alignment program and a widely respected figure in bioinformatics. GenBank NCBI had responsibility for making available the GenBank DNA seque ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eudorina
''Eudorina'' is a paraphyletic genus in the volvocine green algae clade. Eudorina colonies consist of 16, 32 or 64 individual cells grouped together. Each individual cell contains flagella which allow the colony to move as a whole when the individual cells beat their flagella together. Description by GM Smith (1920, p 95):Smith, GM. Phytoplankton of Inland Lakes of Wisconsin, Part I, Wisconsin Geological and Natural History Survey, Madison, WI. (1920). Description ''Eudorina'' colonies typically consist of 16, 32 or 64 cells, each of which is similar to ''Chlamydomonas reinhardtii ''Chlamydomonas reinhardtii'' is a single-cell green alga about 10 micrometres in diameter that swims with two flagella. It has a cell wall made of hydroxyproline-rich glycoproteins, a large cup-shaped chloroplast, a large pyrenoid, and an eye ...''. These cells are bedded within an extracellular matrix composed of glycoproteins. Colonies are spherical and motile, with motility derived from the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chlamydomonadales Genera
Chlamydomonadales, also known as Volvocales, are an order of flagellated or pseudociliated green algae, specifically of the Chlorophyceae.See the NCBIbr>webpage on Chlamydomonadales Data extracted from the Chlamydomonadales can form planar or spherical colonies. These vary from ''Gonium'' (four to 32 cells) up to ''Volvox'' (500 cells or more). Each cell has two flagella, and is similar in appearance to ''Chlamydomonas'', with the flagella throughout the colony moving in coordination. Both asexual and sexual reproduction occur. In the former, cells divide until they form new colonies, which are then released. In the smaller forms, typically all cells are involved, but larger forms have anterior vegetative and posterior reproductive cells. Sexual reproduction varies from isogamy (both genders produce flagellated gametes of equal size) to oogamy (one gender produces a much larger, nonmotile gamete). The classification of the Chlamydomonadales varies. Very often they are taken t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
