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Platypoda
The Ornithorhynchidae are one of the two extant families in the order Monotremata, and contain the platypus and its extinct relatives. The other family is the Tachyglossidae, or echidnas. Within the Ornithorhynchidae are the genera '' Monotrematum'', '' Obdurodon'', and '' Ornithorhynchus'': *Family Ornithorhynchidae **Genus † ''Monotrematum'' ***†'' Monotrematum sudamericanum'' **Genus †''Obdurodon'' — an ancient branch of the platypus family ***†''Obdurodon dicksoni'' ***†'' Obdurodon insignis'' ***†'' Obdurodon tharalkooschild'' **Genus ''Ornithorhynchus'' ***'' Ornithorhynchus anatinus'' (the modern platypus) Another two genera, ''Steropodon'' and ''Teinolophos'', were originally thought to belong to the Ornithorhynchidae. However, they were both placed into a new family, the Steropodontidae. This decision was made based on differences in the dentary recovered from the Griman Creek Formation, Lightning Ridge, New South Wales, Australia. This dentary is the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Monotreme
Monotremes () are prototherian mammals of the order Monotremata. They are one of the three groups of living mammals, along with placentals (Eutheria), and marsupials (Metatheria). Monotremes are typified by structural differences in their brains, jaws, digestive tract, reproductive tract, and other body parts, compared to the more common mammalian types. In addition, they lay eggs rather than bearing live young, but, like all mammals, the female monotremes nurse their young with milk. Monotremes have been considered members of Australosphenida, a clade that contains extinct mammals from the Jurassic and Cretaceous of Madagascar, South America, and Australia, though this is disputed. The only surviving examples of monotremes are all indigenous to Australia and New Guinea, although there is evidence that they were once more widespread, as ''Monotrematum'' is known from the Paleocene of South America. The extant monotreme species are the platypus and four species of echidnas. The ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Middle Paleocene
The Selandian is a stage in the Paleocene. It spans the time between . It is preceded by the Danian and followed by the Thanetian. Sometimes the Paleocene is subdivided in subepochs, in which the Selandian forms the "middle Paleocene". Stratigraphic definition The Selandian was introduced in scientific literature by Danish geologist Alfred Rosenkrantz in 1924. It is named after the Danish island of Zealand (Danish: ''Sjælland'') given its prevalence there.Selandien The base of the Selandian is close to the boundary between |
Obdurodon Tharalkooschild
''Obdurodon'' is a genus of extinct platypus-like Australian monotreme which lived from the Late Oligocene to the Late Miocene. Three species have been described in the genus, the type species ''Obdurodon insignis'', plus ''Obdurodon dicksoni'' and ''Obdurodon tharalkooschild''. The species appeared much like their modern day relative the platypus, except adults retained their molar teeth, and unlike the platypus, which forages on the lakebed, they may have foraged in the water column or surface. Taxonomy The ''Obdurodon insignis'' holotype specimen, SAM P18087, a tooth, was uncovered in 1971 from the Etadunna Formation in the Tirari Desert of South Australia. The second specimen discovered there, AMNH 97228, is an upper right molar. In total, 4 specimens are reported, dating from the Oligocene to the Pliocene. The holotype tooth was placed into the newly erected genus ''Obdurodon'' upon description in 1975 by American palaeontologists Michael O. Woodburne and Richard H. Tedf ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ornithorhynchidae
The Ornithorhynchidae are one of the two extant families in the order Monotremata, and contain the platypus and its extinct relatives. The other family is the Tachyglossidae, or echidnas. Within the Ornithorhynchidae are the genera '' Monotrematum'', ''Obdurodon'', and ''Ornithorhynchus'': *Family Ornithorhynchidae **Genus † ''Monotrematum'' ***†'' Monotrematum sudamericanum'' **Genus †''Obdurodon'' — an ancient branch of the platypus family ***†''Obdurodon dicksoni'' ***†''Obdurodon insignis'' ***†''Obdurodon tharalkooschild'' **Genus ''Ornithorhynchus'' ***''Ornithorhynchus anatinus'' (the modern platypus) Another two genera, ''Steropodon'' and ''Teinolophos'', were originally thought to belong to the Ornithorhynchidae. However, they were both placed into a new family, the Steropodontidae. This decision was made based on differences in the dentary recovered from the Griman Creek Formation, Lightning Ridge, New South Wales, Australia. This dentary is the holot ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zaglossus Robustus
''Zaglossus robustus'' is an extinct species of long-beaked echidna known from the middle Miocene (about 13 or 14 million years ago) of Gulgong, New South Wales, Australia. It may belong in the genus '' Megalibgwilia''. The supposed fossil platypus The platypus (''Ornithorhynchus anatinus''), sometimes referred to as the duck-billed platypus, is a semiaquatic, egg-laying mammal endemic to eastern Australia, including Tasmania. The platypus is the sole living representative or mono ... ''Ornithorhynchus maximus'' was based on a humerus of this species. References Further reading * Australia's Lost World: Prehistoric Animals of Riversleigh by Michael Archer, Suzanne J. Hand, and Henk Godthelp (page 162) * Miocene mammals of Australia Prehistoric monotremes Fossil taxa described in 1895 Taxa named by William Sutherland Dun {{monotreme-stub simple:Long-beaked echidna#Zaglossus robustus ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Teinolophidae
Teinolophidae is an extinct family of small, carnivorous mammals that were the earliest known monotremes and were endemic to what would become Australia. Two genera are known: ''Teinolophos'', and possibly also '' Stirtodon''. ''Teinolophos'' is deeply divergent within monotreme evolution, so Flannery ''et al.'' (2022) proposed to move it into its own family, Teinolophidae, and ''Stirtodon'' was also tentatively assigned to Teinolophidae in the same paper. The skulls of the two teinolophids differed from modern monotremes. Among the contrasts are that, unlike modern monotremes, the teinolophids lacked beaks, and the teinolophids had their ear bones connected to the jaw via the Meckel's cartilage, while modern monotremes have suspended ear bones much like placentals and marsupial Marsupials are any members of the mammalian infraclass Marsupialia. All extant marsupials are endemic to Australasia, Wallacea and the Americas. A distinctive characteristic common to most of these s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Holotype
A holotype is a single physical example (or illustration) of an organism, known to have been used when the species (or lower-ranked taxon) was formally described. It is either the single such physical example (or illustration) or one of several examples, but explicitly designated as the holotype. Under the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature (ICZN), a holotype is one of several kinds of name-bearing types. In the International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants (ICN) and ICZN, the definitions of types are similar in intent but not identical in terminology or underlying concept. For example, the holotype for the butterfly '' Plebejus idas longinus'' is a preserved specimen of that subspecies, held by the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard University. In botany, an isotype is a duplicate of the holotype, where holotype and isotypes are often pieces from the same individual plant or samples from the same gathering. A holotype is not necessarily "typ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dentary
In anatomy, the mandible, lower jaw or jawbone is the largest, strongest and lowest bone in the human facial skeleton. It forms the lower jaw and holds the lower tooth, teeth in place. The mandible sits beneath the maxilla. It is the only movable bone of the skull (discounting the ossicles of the middle ear). It is connected to the temporal bones by the temporomandibular joints. The bone is formed prenatal development, in the fetus from a fusion of the left and right mandibular prominences, and the point where these sides join, the mandibular symphysis, is still visible as a faint ridge in the midline. Like other symphyses in the body, this is a midline articulation where the bones are joined by fibrocartilage, but this articulation fuses together in early childhood.Illustrated Anatomy of the Head and Neck, Fehrenbach and Herring, Elsevier, 2012, p. 59 The word "mandible" derives from the Latin word ''mandibula'', "jawbone" (literally "one used for chewing"), from ''wikt:mandere ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Teinolophos
''Teinolophos'' is a prehistoric species of monotreme, or egg-laying mammal, from the Teinolophidae. It is known from four specimens, each consisting of a partial lower jawbone collected from the Wonthaggi Formation at Flat Rocks, Victoria (Australia), Victoria, Australia. It lived during the late Barremian age of the Lower Cretaceous. The species name honours the artist Peter Trusler. The genus name, ''Teinolophos'', means "extended ridge", a reference to its tooth structure. Originally, ''Teinolophos'' was thought to be a pantotheria, eupantothere. Further research revealed similarities to ''Steropodon'', except in size: the animal was around 10 cm long. It is often listed as a Steropodontidae, steropodontid, though it may be more basal.Thomas H. Rich, James A. Hopson, Pamela G. Gill, Peter Trusler, Sally Rogers-Davidson, Steve Morton, Richard L. Cifelli, David Pickering, Lesley Kool, Karen Siu, Flame A. Burgmann, Tim Senden, Alistair R. Evans, Barbara E. Wagstaff, Doris ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Steropodon
''Steropodon'' is a genus of prehistoric monotreme, or egg-laying mammal. It contains a single species, ''Steropodon galmani'', that lived about 105 to 93.3 million years ago (mya) in the Early to Late Cretaceous period. It is one of the oldest monotremes discovered, and is one of the oldest Australian mammal discoveries. Taxonomy The dentition of ''Steropodon'' is somewhat similar to that of therians—the placentals and the marsupials—specifically the presence of the tribosphenic molar tooth which was thought to be exclusive to therians since the Cretaceous. This, along with the tribosphenic molar discoveries of monotreme-relatives ''Ausktribosphenos'' and ''Ambondro mahabo'' of which the latter evolved in the Jurassic, led to the conclusion that the molar evolved independently in the two lineages. This inspired the creation of the subclasses Australosphenida—the monotremes and extinct relatives—and Tribosphenida—placentals and marsupials. However, given this classif ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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