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Pierre Marie
Pierre Marie (9 September 1853 – 13 April 1940) was a French neurologist and political journalist close to the SFIO. Medical Career After finishing medical school, he served as an interne (1878), working as an assistant to neurologist Jean-Martin Charcot (1825–1893) at the Salpêtrière and Bicêtre Hospitals in Paris. In 1883 he received his medical doctorate with a graduate thesis on Basedow’s disease, being promoted to ''médecin des hôpitaux'' several years later (1888). In 1907 he attained the chair of pathological anatomy at the Faculty of Medicine, and in 1917 was appointed to the chair of neurology, a position he held until 1925. In 1911 Marie became a member of the ''Académie de Médecine''. One of Marie's earlier contributions was a description of a disorder of the pituitary gland known as acromegaly. His analysis of the disease was an important contribution in the emerging field of endocrinology. Marie is also credited as the first to describe pulmonary hy ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Neurology
Neurology (from el, wikt:νεῦρον, νεῦρον (neûron), "string, nerve" and the suffix wikt:-logia, -logia, "study of") is the branch of specialty (medicine), medicine dealing with the diagnosis and treatment of all categories of conditions and disease involving the brain, the spinal cord and the peripheral nerves. Neurological practice relies heavily on the field of neuroscience, the scientific study of the nervous system. A neurologist is a physician specializing in neurology and trained to investigate, diagnose and treat neurological disorders. Neurologists treat a myriad of neurologic conditions, including stroke, seizures, movement disorders such as Parkinson's disease, autoimmune neurologic disorders such as multiple sclerosis, headache disorders like migraine and dementias such as Alzheimer's disease. Neurologists may also be involved in clinical research, clinical trials, and basic research, basic or translational research. While neurology is a nonsurgical sp ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aphasia
Aphasia is an inability to comprehend or formulate language because of damage to specific brain regions. The major causes are stroke and head trauma; prevalence is hard to determine but aphasia due to stroke is estimated to be 0.1–0.4% in the Global North. Aphasia can also be the result of brain tumors, brain infections, or neurodegenerative diseases (such as dementias). To be diagnosed with aphasia, a person's speech or language must be significantly impaired in one (or more) of the four aspects of communication following acquired brain injury. Alternatively, in the case of progressive aphasia, it must have significantly declined over a short period of time. The four aspects of communication are auditory comprehension, verbal expression, reading and writing, and functional communication. The difficulties of people with aphasia can range from occasional trouble finding words, to losing the ability to speak, read, or write; intelligence, however, is unaffected. Expressive lan ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Le Populaire (French Newspaper)
''Le Populaire'' was a socialist daily newspaper published in France. It was the main organ of the French Section of the Workers' International (SFIO). History and profile ''Le Populaire'' was founded in 1918.Martin, Marc. Médias et journalistes de la République'. Histoires, hommes, entreprises. Paris: Odile Jacob, 1997. p. 162 In 1927 the paper began to be published daily. ''Le Populaire'' was significantly weaker than its communist rival ''l'Humanité ''L'Humanité'' (; ), is a French daily newspaper. It was previously an organ of the French Communist Party, and maintains links to the party. Its slogan is "In an ideal world, ''L'Humanité'' would not exist." History and profile Pre-World Wa ...''. Only during the period of 1936-1937 did the circulation of ''Le Populaire'' exceed 100,000. With the German invasion of France in 1940, ''Le Populaire'' suspended publication. Although it was resumed after the war, it never regained its prominence of the late 1930s and wen ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Edmond Desbonnet
Edmond Desbonnet (1867–1953) was a French academic and photographer who championed physical culture. He made physical education fashion Fashion is a form of self-expression and autonomy at a particular period and place and in a specific context, of clothing, footwear, lifestyle, accessories, makeup, hairstyle, and body posture. The term implies a look defined by the fashion i ...able in '' Belle Époque'' France through the publication of fitness journals and by opening a chain of exercise clubs. Journals *''La Culture Physique'' *''La Santé par les Sports'' Books *''La Force Physique: traité d’athlétisme'' Paris: Berger Levrault & Cie (1901) *''Les Rois de la Lutte'' (1910) *''Les Rois de la Force'', (1911, ''The Kings of Strength'') External links Early French Culture Physique photography by Professor Edmond Desbonnet & others 1867 births 1953 deaths French academics French photographers People associated with physical culture Belle Époque {{ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Physical Culture
Physical culture, also known as Body culture, is a health and strength training movement that originated during the 19th century in Germany, the UK and the US. Origins The physical culture movement in the United States during the 19th century owed its origins to several cultural trends. In the United States, German immigrants after 1848 introduced a physical culture system based on gymnastics that became popular especially in colleges. Many local Turner clubs introduced physical education (PE) in the form of 'German gymnastics' into American colleges and public schools. The perception of Turner as 'non-American' prevented the 'German system' from becoming the dominating form. They were especially important mainly in the cities with a large German-American population, but their influence slowly spread. By the late 19th century reformers worried that sedentary white collar workers were suffering from various " diseases of affluence" that were partially attributed to their incre ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Spanish Neurological School
Spanish might refer to: * Items from or related to Spain: **Spaniards are a nation and ethnic group indigenous to Spain **Spanish language, spoken in Spain and many Latin American countries **Spanish cuisine Other places * Spanish, Ontario, Canada * Spanish River (other), the name of several rivers * Spanish Town, Jamaica Other uses * John J. Spanish (1922–2019), American politician * Spanish (song), "Spanish" (song), a single by Craig David, 2003 See also * * * Español (other) * Spain (other) * España (other) * Espanola (other) * Hispania, the Roman and Greek name for the Iberian Peninsula * Hispanic, the people, nations, and cultures that have a historical link to Spain * Hispanic (other) * Hispanism * Spain (other) * National and regional identity in Spain * Culture of Spain * Spanish Fort (other) {{disambiguation, geo Language and nationality disambiguation pages ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Santiago Ramón Y Cajal
Santiago Ramón y Cajal (; 1 May 1852 – 17 October 1934) was a Spanish neuroscientist, pathologist, and histologist specializing in neuroanatomy and the central nervous system. He and Camillo Golgi received the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1906. Ramón y Cajal was the first person of Spanish origin to win a scientific Nobel Prize. His original investigations of the microscopic structure of the brain made him a pioneer of modern neuroscience. Hundreds of his drawings illustrating the arborizations ("tree growing") of brain cells are still in use, since the mid-20th century, for educational and training purposes. Biography Santiago Ramón y Cajal was born on the 1st of May 1852 in the town of Petilla de Aragón, Navarre, Spain. As a child he was transferred many times from one school to another because of behavior that was declared poor, rebellious, and showing an anti-authoritarian attitude. An extreme example of his precociousness and rebelliousness at the age of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gonzalo Rodríguez Lafora
Gonzalo Rodríguez Lafora (25 July 1886 – 27 December 1971) was a Spanish neurologist. He was a disciple of Nicolás Achúcarro and Santiago Ramón y Cajal and one of the most brilliant examples of the Spanish Neurological School (or Cajal School). He was best known now for describing (in 1911) the intracytoplasmic inclusion bodies in "Lafora disease". In total, he published approximately 200 papers covering a wide range of subjects in neurology, psychiatry, and neuropathology. He made seminal contributions not only to the clinical and scientific literature but also to the training of many noted disciples who paid him due homage as a true "maestro." Throughout his intellectual endeavors, Lafora manifested a singular purpose and intensity and a burning devotion to scientific honesty. In 1910, Fritz Heinrich Lewy discovered what became known as Lewy bodies, and compared them to earlier findings by Lafora. In 1913, Lafora described another case, and acknowledged Lewy as the disc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Who Named It
''Whonamedit?'' is an online English-language dictionary of medical eponyms and the people associated with their identification. Though it is a dictionary, many eponyms and persons are presented in extensive articles with comprehensive bibliographies. The dictionary is hosted in Norway and maintained by medical historian Ole Daniel Enersen Ole Daniel Enersen (born March 14, 1943, in Oslo, Norway) is a Norwegian climber, photographer, journalist, writer, and medical historian. In 1965 he made the first ascent of the Trollveggen mountain in Romsdalen, Norway, along with Leif Norman .... References External links * Medical websites Medical dictionaries Eponyms {{online-dict-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hereditary Motor And Sensory Neuropathy
Hereditary motor and sensory neuropathies (HMSN) is a name sometimes given to a group of different neuropathies which are all characterized by their impact upon both afferent and efferent neural communication. HMSN are characterised by atypical neural development and degradation of neural tissue. The two common forms of HMSN are either hypertrophic demyelinated nerves or complete atrophy of neural tissue. Hypertrophic condition causes neural stiffness and a demyelination of nerves in the peripheral nervous system, and atrophy causes the breakdown of axons and neural cell bodies. In these disorders, a patient experiences progressive muscle atrophy and sensory neuropathy of the extremities. The term "hereditary motor and sensory neuropathy" was used mostly historically to denote the more common forms Charcot–Marie–Tooth disease (CMT). With the identification of a wide number of genetically and phenotypically distinct forms of CMT, the term HMSN is now used less frequently. Symp ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Howard Henry Tooth
Howard Henry Tooth (1856–1925) was a British neurologist and one of the discoverers of Charcot–Marie–Tooth disease. Early life and education Dr. Tooth was born on 22 April 1856 to Frederick Tooth of Hove, Sussex, England. He attended Rugby School and from there attended St John's College, Cambridge. In 1877, he graduated Bachelor of Arts and achieved Master of Arts in 1881. After his university education, Howard Henry Tooth studied at St Bartholomew's Hospital, achieving his MD in 1885. Career He became Physician at the London Metropolitan Hospital in 1887. He was also appointed Assistant Physician in the same year at the National Hospital for the Paralysed and Epileptic and promoted to full Physician in 1907. He was also an assistant Physician at St Bartholomew's Hospital in 1895 and full Physician in 1906. In 1894, he taught a post-graduate course on Cranial Nerves at the National Hospital for the Paralysed and Epileptic. He was awarded CMG in 1901 and CB in 19 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Édouard Brissaud
Édouard Brissaud (15 April 1852, Besançon – 20 December 1909) was a French physician and pathologist. He was taught by Jean Martin Charcot at Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital. He had interests in a number of medical disciplines including motion disturbances, anatomy, neurology and psychiatry. He died of a brain tumour, aged 57. He has been awarded a large number of eponyms many of which are now rarely used and some were not the dominant eponym in use. *Bourneville-Brissaud disease – tuberous sclerosis. He studied one of the earliest diagnosed cases with Désiré-Magloire Bourneville in 1881. *Brissaud's scoliosis – a form of scoliosis giving "a list of the lumbar part of the spine away from the affected side in sciatica" (Dorland's Medical Dictionary). Described in 1895. *Brissaud's disease – Tourette syndrome. He gave a detailed description in 1896. *Brissaud's infantilism – infantile myxedema (hypothyroidism). Described in 1907. * Brissaud's reflex – a contraction of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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