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Photo 51
' ''Photo 51'' is an X-ray based fiber diffraction image of a paracrystalline gel composed of DNA fiber taken by Raymond Gosling, a graduate student working under the supervision of Rosalind Franklin in May 1952 at King's College London, while working in Sir John Randall's group. The image was tagged "photo 51" because it was the 51st diffraction photograph that Franklin and Gosling had taken. It was critical evidence in identifying the structure of DNA. Use in discovering structure of DNA According to Raymond Gosling's later account, although photo 51 was an exceptionally clear diffraction pattern of the "B" form of DNA, Franklin was more interested in solving the diffraction pattern of the "A" form of DNA, so she put Gosling's photo 51 to the side. When it had been decided that Franklin would leave King's College, she suggested that Gosling show the photograph to Maurice Wilkins (who would become Gosling's advisor after Franklin left). A few days later, Wilkins showed ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Photo 51 X-ray Diffraction Image
A photograph (also known as a photo, image, or picture) is an image created by light falling on a photosensitivity, photosensitive surface, usually photographic film or an electronic image sensor, such as a charge-coupled device, CCD or a active pixel sensor, CMOS chip. Most photographs are now created using a smartphone/camera, which uses a photographic lens, lens to focus the scene's visible spectrum, visible wavelengths of light into a reproduction of what the human eye would see. The process and practice of creating such images is called photography. Etymology The word ''photograph'' was coined in 1839 by Sir John Herschel and is based on the Greek language, Greek φῶς ('':el:phos, phos''), meaning "light," and γραφή (''graphê''), meaning "drawing, writing," together meaning "drawing with light." History The first permanent photograph, a contact-exposed copy of an engraving, was made in 1822 using the Bitumen of Judea, bitumen-based "heliography" process develope ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
PBS Nova
''Nova'' (stylized as ''NOVΛ'') is an American popular science television program produced by WGBH in Boston, Massachusetts, since 1974. It is broadcast on PBS in the United States, and in more than 100 other countries. The program has won many major television awards. ''Nova'' often includes interviews with scientists doing research in the subject areas covered and occasionally includes footage of a particular discovery. Some episodes have focused on the history of science. Examples of topics covered include the following: Colditz Castle, the Drake equation, elementary particles, the 1980 eruption of Mount St. Helens, Fermat's Last Theorem, the AIDS epidemic, global warming, moissanite, Project Jennifer, storm chasing, Unterseeboot 869, Vinland, Tarim mummies, and the COVID-19 pandemic. The ''Nova'' programs have been praised for their pacing, writing, and editing. Websites that accompany the segments have also won awards. Episodes History ''Nova'' was first aired ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nicole Kidman
Nicole Mary Kidman (born 20 June 1967) is an American and Australian actress and producer. Known for her work across various film and television productions from several genres, she has consistently ranked among the world's highest-paid actresses. She is the recipient of numerous accolades, including an Academy Award, a British Academy Film Award, two Primetime Emmy Awards and six Golden Globe Awards. Kidman began her acting career in Australia with the 1983 films '' Bush Christmas'' and '' BMX Bandits''. Her breakthrough came in 1989 with the thriller film ''Dead Calm'' and the miniseries ''Bangkok Hilton''. In 1990, she achieved international success with the action film ''Days of Thunder''. She received greater recognition with lead roles in '' Far and Away'' (1992), '' Batman Forever'' (1995), '' To Die For'' (1995) and ''Eyes Wide Shut'' (1999). For her portrayal of writer Virginia Woolf in the drama '' The Hours'' (2002), Kidman won the Academy Award for Best Actress ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Scientists, Technologists And Artists Generating Exploration
Scientists, Technologists and Artists Generating Exploration (''STAGE'') was created in 2005 to encourage collaboration between artists and scientists. Originally, it began as a partnership between the Professional Artists Lab and the California NanoSystems Institute at the University of California, Santa Barbara. ''STAGE'', which is housed at California NanoSystems Institute, hosts a biennial international script competition and a Collaboratory. The founder and director of ''STAGE'' is Nancy Kawalek, a Studio Professor at the University of California, Santa Barbara. Script Competition The ''STAGE'' International Script Competition awards a $10,000 prize to the best new play about science and technology. Past Judges A panel of artists and scientists serve as jurors for each cycle of the competition. Judges have included *Pulitzer Prize- and Tony Award-winning playwright David Auburn *Tony-, Oliver-, and Obie Award–winning playwright John Guare *Pulitzer Prize–winning pla ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
X-ray Crystallographer
X-ray crystallography is the experimental science determining the atomic and molecular structure of a crystal, in which the crystalline structure causes a beam of incident X-rays to diffract into many specific directions. By measuring the angles and intensities of these diffracted beams, a crystallographer can produce a three-dimensional picture of the density of electrons within the crystal. From this electron density, the mean positions of the atoms in the crystal can be determined, as well as their chemical bonds, their crystallographic disorder, and various other information. Since many materials can form crystals—such as salts, metals, minerals, semiconductors, as well as various inorganic, organic, and biological molecules—X-ray crystallography has been fundamental in the development of many scientific fields. In its first decades of use, this method determined the size of atoms, the lengths and types of chemical bonds, and the atomic-scale differences among various mat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Anna Ziegler (playwright)
Anna Ziegler is an American playwright. She was educated at Saint Ann's School (Brooklyn), Saint Ann's School, studied English at Yale University, earned an MA in poetry from the University of East Anglia in 2002, and an MFA in dramatic writing from New York University in 2004. In 2015, Ziegler's play ''Photograph 51 (play), Photograph 51'', about the part played by Rosalind Franklin in the discovery of the structure of DNA, was staged in London's West End, with Nicole Kidman in the role of Franklin. Kidman won The Evening Standard Award for Best Actress for her performance. In The New York Times, in 2015, Ziegler was described as "newly (and justly) hot" and her writing as "lyrical...[with] a luminous beauty." Plays *''Actually'' (2017) – co world-premiere productions at the Geffen Playhouse, Williamstown Theatre Festival and Manhattan Theatre Club, 2017 *''Another Way Home'' (2011) *''BFF'' (2007) *''Boy'' (2015)—nominee for 2016 Outer Critics Circle John Gassner award *' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Photograph 51 (play)
''Photograph 51'' is a play by Anna Ziegler. ''Photograph 51'' opened in the West End of London in September 2015. The play focuses on the often-overlooked role of X-ray crystallographer Rosalind Franklin in the discovery of the double helix structure of DNA while working at King's College London. This play won the third ''STAGE'' International Script Competition in 2008. The title comes from ''Photo 51'', the nickname given to an X-ray diffraction image taken by Raymond Gosling in May, 1952, under the supervision of Rosalind Franklin. The one-act play runs for 95 minutes with no intermission. ''Photograph 51'' was commissioned, developed, and given its world premiere under the direction of Mary Resing by Active Cultures Theatre in Maryland in 2008. That year, it also won the 2008 STAGE (Scientists, Technologists and Artists Generating Exploration) International script competition for Best New Play. ''Photograph 51'' had subsequent productions at The Fountain Theatre in L ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Linus Pauling
Linus Carl Pauling (; February 28, 1901August 19, 1994) was an American chemist, biochemist, chemical engineer, peace activist, author, and educator. He published more than 1,200 papers and books, of which about 850 dealt with scientific topics. ''New Scientist'' called him one of the 20 greatest scientists of all time, and as of 2000, he was rated the 16th most important scientist in history. For his scientific work, Pauling was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1954. For his peace activism, he was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1962. He is one of five people to have won more than one Nobel Prize (the others being Marie Curie, John Bardeen, Frederick Sanger and Karl Barry Sharpless). Of these, he is the only person to have been awarded two unshared Nobel Prizes, and one of two people to be awarded Nobel Prizes in different fields, the other being Marie Curie. Pauling was one of the founders of the fields of quantum chemistry and molecular biology. His contributions to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jeff Goldblum
Jeffrey Lynn Goldblum (; born October 22, 1952) is an American actor and musician. He has starred in some of the highest-grossing films of his era, such as ''Jurassic Park'' (1993) and ''Independence Day'' (1996), as well as their sequels. After playing supporting roles in the late 1970s and early 1980s, Goldblum came to wider attention as Seth Brundle in David Cronenberg's '' The Fly'' (1986), which earned him a Saturn Award for Best Actor. He has also appeared in several TV series, including ''Will & Grace'', for which he received a Primetime Emmy Award nomination. He directed the short film '' Little Surprises'', which was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Live Action Short Film. His jazz band, Jeff Goldblum and the Mildred Snitzer Orchestra, released their first album, '' The Capitol Studios Sessions'', in 2018. Early life Jeffrey Lynn Goldblum was born to Jewish parents in West Homestead, Pennsylvania, located just outside of Pittsburgh. His mother, Shirley Jan ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
All Movie Guide
AllMovie (previously All Movie Guide) is an online database with information about films, television programs, and screen actors. , AllMovie.com and the AllMovie consumer brand are owned by RhythmOne. History AllMovie was founded by popular-culture archivist Michael Erlewine, who also founded AllMusic and AllGame. The AllMovie database was licensed to tens of thousands of distributors and retailers for point-of-sale systems, websites and kiosks. The AllMovie database is comprehensive, including basic product information, cast and production credits, plot synopsis, professional reviews, biographies, relational links and more. AllMovie data was accessed on the web at the AllMovie website. It was also available via the AMG LASSO media recognition service, which can automatically recognize DVDs. In late 2007, TiVo Corporation acquired AMG for a reported $72 million. The AMG consumer facing web properties AllMusic.com, AllMovie.com and AllGame.com were sold by Rovi in August ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Baseline (database)
Studio System by Gracenote, formerly known as Baseline StudioSystems, is an American e-commerce company. It was founded in 1982 and licenses its commercial entertainment database, known as Studio System. It is owned by Gracenote, a subsidiary of Nielsen Holdings. History James Monaco founded Baseline in 1982. Their primary product, an entertainment database, was launched in 1985. Monaco left Baseline in 1992, and Paul Kagan Associates purchased it the following year. Big Entertainment purchased the database in 1999 and subsequently renamed themselves to Hollywood.com. The same year, Creative Planet purchased The Studio System, a rival database founded in 1987, from Brookfield Communications. In 2004, Hollywood.com's parent company, Hollywood Media, purchased The Studio System and merged the two databases. Two years later, The New York Times Company purchased the now-renamed Baseline StudioSystems and integrated it into NYTimes.com, only to sell it back to Hollywood.com ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
The New York Times
''The New York Times'' (''the Times'', ''NYT'', or the Gray Lady) is a daily newspaper based in New York City with a worldwide readership reported in 2020 to comprise a declining 840,000 paid print subscribers, and a growing 6 million paid digital media, digital subscribers. It also is a producer of popular podcasts such as ''The Daily (podcast), The Daily''. Founded in 1851 by Henry Jarvis Raymond and George Jones (publisher), George Jones, it was initially published by Raymond, Jones & Company. The ''Times'' has won List of Pulitzer Prizes awarded to The New York Times, 132 Pulitzer Prizes, the most of any newspaper, and has long been regarded as a national "newspaper of record". For print it is ranked List of newspapers by circulation, 18th in the world by circulation and List of newspapers in the United States, 3rd in the U.S. The paper is owned by the New York Times Company, which is Public company, publicly traded. It has been governed by the Sulzberger family since 189 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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