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Philophthalmidae
Philophthalmidae is a family of trematodes in the order Plagiorchiida. Genera *'' Cloacitrema'' Yamaguti, 1935Yamaguti, S. (1935). Studies on the helminth fauna of Japan. Part 5. Trematodes of birds. III. ''Japanese Journal of Zoology'', 6, 159–182. *'' Echinostephilla'' Lebour, 1909Lebour M. V. (1909). Trematodes of the Northumberland Coast, No. III. A Preliminary Note on ''Echinostephilla virgula'', a New Trematode in the Turnstone. ''Transactions of the Natural History Society of Northumberland, Durham and Newcastle-upon-Tyne (New Series)'', 3(2), 440–445. *'' Parorchis'' Nicoll, 1907Nicoll, W. (1907). ''Parorchis acanthus'', the type of a new genus of trematodes. ''Quarterly Journal of Microscopical Science'', 51, 345–355. *''Philophthalmus'' Looss, 1899 **''Philophthalmus gralli'' Mathis & Leger, 1910 **''Philophthalmus lacrimosus ''Philophthalmus lacrimosus'' is a species of trematodes in the family Philophthalmidae. Life cycle ''Philophthalmus lacrimosus'', as ad ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Philophthalmus Gralli
''Philophthalmus gralli'', commonly known as the Oriental avian eye fluke, parasitises the conjunctival sac of the eyes of many species of birds, including birds of the orders Galliformes and Anseriformes. In Brazil this parasite was reported in native Anseriformes species. It was first discovered by Mathis and Leger in 1910 in domestic chickens from Hanoi, Vietnam. Birds are definitive hosts and freshwater snail species are intermediate hosts (e.g. ''Tarebia granifera'' and ''Melanoides tuberculata''). Human cases of philophthalmosis are rare, but have been previously reported in Europe, Asia, and America (i.e., Yugoslavia, Sri Lanka, Japan, Israel, Mexico, and the United States). Life cycle ''Philophthalmus gralli'' reaches sexual maturity in a bird and produces eggs. Fully embryonated eggs are shed into the water from the definitive host's eyes. Miracidium is induced to hatch when ripe eggs are released from the worm into water. Upon contact with a snail, the miracidium perfora ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Plagiorchiida
Plagiorchiida is a large order of trematodes, synonymous to Echinostomida. They belong to the Digenea, a large subclass of flukes. This order contains relatively few significant parasites of humans. The following families are placed here, organised by superfamily and suborder:Jones, A., Bray, R. A., & Gibson, D. I. (Eds.). (2002). ''Keys to the Trematoda'' (Vol. 1). CABI Publishing and The Natural History Museum. * Apocreadiata ** Apocreadioidea Skrjabin, 1942 *** Apocreadiidae Skrjabin, 1942 * Bivesiculata ** Bivesiculoidea *** Bivesiculidae Yamaguti, 1934 * Bucephalata ** Bucephaloidea Poche, 1907 *** Bucephalidae Poche, 1907 *** Nuitrematidae Kurochkin, 1975 * Echinostomata ** Echinostomatoidea Looss, 1902 *** Caballerotrematidae Tkach, Kudlai & Kostadinova, 2016 *** Calycodidae Dollfus, 1929 *** Cyclocoelidae Stossich, 1902 *** Echinochasmidae Odhner, 1910 *** Echinostomatidae Looss, 1899 *** Fasciolidae Railliet, 1895 *** Himasthlidae Odhner, 1910 *** Philophthalm ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Philophthalmus
''Philophthalmus'' is a genus of trematodes belonging to the family Philophthalmidae. The species of this genus are found in America and Australia. Species: *''Philophthalmus andersoni'' *''Philophthalmus attenuatus'' *''Philophthalmus coturnicola'' *''Philophthalmus cupensis'' *''Philophthalmus distomatosa'' *''Philophthalmus gralli'' *''Philophthalmus hegeneri'' *''Philophthalmus hovorkai'' *''Philophthalmus lacrymosus'' *''Philophthalmus lucipetus'' *''Philophthalmus megalurus'' *''Philophthalmus muraschkinzewi'' *''Philophthalmus nocturnus'' *''Philophthalmus nyrocae'' *''Philophthalmus oschmarini'' *''Philophthalmus palpebrarum'' *''Philophthalmus posaviniensis'' *''Philophthalmus rhionica'' *''Philophthalmus skrjabini'' *''Philophthalmus stercusmuscarum'' *''Philophthalmus stugii'' *''Philophthalmus zalophi'' References {{Taxonbar, from=Q5031869 Trematoda ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Philophthalmus Lacrimosus
''Philophthalmus lacrimosus'' is a species of trematodes in the family Philophthalmidae. Life cycle ''Philophthalmus lacrimosus'', as adults, parasitize the eyes of birds (definitive host). Eggs containing miracidia hatch in the water, miracidia penetrate snails (intermediate host In biology and medicine, a host is a larger organism that harbours a smaller organism; whether a parasitic, a mutualistic, or a commensalist ''guest'' (symbiont). The guest is typically provided with nourishment and shelter. Examples include a ...s) and develop into redia and cercariae. When the metacercariae encyst on surfaces of food for birds the infection of a new definitive host can take place by entering the eye or by oral intake. Human infections Human cases of philophthalmosis have been reported in Yugoslavia, Israel, Asia (Thailand, Sri Lanka, Japan) and the Americas, specifically in Mexico and the United States. References This article incorporates CC-BY-2.0 text from the referen ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Family (biology)
Family ( la, familia, plural ') is one of the eight major hierarchical taxonomic ranks in Linnaean taxonomy. It is classified between order and genus. A family may be divided into subfamilies, which are intermediate ranks between the ranks of family and genus. The official family names are Latin in origin; however, popular names are often used: for example, walnut trees and hickory trees belong to the family Juglandaceae, but that family is commonly referred to as the "walnut family". What belongs to a family—or if a described family should be recognized at all—are proposed and determined by practicing taxonomists. There are no hard rules for describing or recognizing a family, but in plants, they can be characterized on the basis of both vegetative and reproductive features of plant species. Taxonomists often take different positions about descriptions, and there may be no broad consensus across the scientific community for some time. The publishing of new data and opini ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Trematoda
Trematoda is a Class (biology), class of flatworms known as flukes. They are obligate parasite, obligate internal Parasitism, parasites with a complex biological life cycle, life cycle requiring at least two Host_(biology), hosts. The intermediate host, in which asexual reproduction occurs, is usually a snail. The definitive host, where the flukes sexually reproduce, is a vertebrate. Infection by trematodes can cause disease in all five traditional vertebrate classes: mammals, birds, amphibians, reptiles, and fish. Etymology Trematodes are commonly referred to as flukes. This term can be traced back to the Old English name for flounder, and refers to the flattened, rhomboidal shape of the organisms. Taxonomy There are 18,000 to 24,000 known species of trematodes, divided into two subclasses — the Aspidogastrea and the Digenea. Aspidogastrea is the smaller subclass, comprising 61 species. These flukes mainly infect Bivalvia, bivalves and Osteichthyes, bony fishes.https://www.bi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Order (biology)
Order ( la, wikt:ordo#Latin, ordo) is one of the eight major hierarchical taxonomic ranks in Linnaean taxonomy. It is classified between Family_(biology), family and Class_(biology), class. In biological classification, the order is a taxonomic rank used in the classification of organisms and recognized by the nomenclature codes. An immediately higher rank, superorder, is sometimes added directly above order, with suborder directly beneath order. An order can also be defined as a group of related families. What does and does not belong to each order is determined by a taxonomist, as is whether a particular order should be recognized at all. Often there is no exact agreement, with different taxonomists each taking a different position. There are no hard rules that a taxonomist needs to follow in describing or recognizing an order. Some taxa are accepted almost universally, while others are recognized only rarely. The name of an order is usually written with a capital letter. Fo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
