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Philonix
''Philonix'' is a genus of oak gall wasps in the family Cynipidae.Poole, R.W. & P. Gentili, 1996. Hymenoptera, Mecoptera, Megaloptera, Neuroptera, Raphidioptera, Trichoptera. ''Nomina Insecta Nearctica: A Check List of the Insects of North America.'' Vol 2. Melika, G. & Abrahamson, W.G. (2002) Review of the World Genera of Oak Cynipid Wasps (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae: Cynipini). ''In:'' Melika, G. & Thuróczy, C. (Eds.), ''Parasitic Wasps: Evolution, Systematics, Biodiversity and Biological Control''. ''International Symposium: “Parasitic Hymenoptera: Taxonomy and Biological Control” (14–17 May 2001, Kõszeg, Hungary).'' Agroinform, Budapest, pp. 150–190. Species in this genus are only known from Canada, the United States, and Mexico. The larvae of ''Philonix'' wasps induce galls on white oaks that are typically spherical, soft and fleshy. Galls are usually formed on the underside of leaves. Adult wasps are similar in appearance to species in the genus ''Acraspis ''Acra ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Philonix Insulensis
''Philonix'' is a genus of oak gall wasps in the family Cynipidae.Poole, R.W. & P. Gentili, 1996. Hymenoptera, Mecoptera, Megaloptera, Neuroptera, Raphidioptera, Trichoptera. ''Nomina Insecta Nearctica: A Check List of the Insects of North America.'' Vol 2. Melika, G. & Abrahamson, W.G. (2002) Review of the World Genera of Oak Cynipid Wasps (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae: Cynipini). ''In:'' Melika, G. & Thuróczy, C. (Eds.), ''Parasitic Wasps: Evolution, Systematics, Biodiversity and Biological Control''. ''International Symposium: “Parasitic Hymenoptera: Taxonomy and Biological Control” (14–17 May 2001, Kõszeg, Hungary).'' Agroinform, Budapest, pp. 150–190. Species in this genus are only known from Canada, the United States, and Mexico. The larvae of ''Philonix'' wasps induce galls on white oaks that are typically spherical, soft and fleshy. Galls are usually formed on the underside of leaves. Adult wasps are similar in appearance to species in the genus '' Acraspis''. Many gal ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Philonix Lanaeglobuli
''Philonix'' is a genus of oak gall wasps in the family Cynipidae.Poole, R.W. & P. Gentili, 1996. Hymenoptera, Mecoptera, Megaloptera, Neuroptera, Raphidioptera, Trichoptera. ''Nomina Insecta Nearctica: A Check List of the Insects of North America.'' Vol 2. Melika, G. & Abrahamson, W.G. (2002) Review of the World Genera of Oak Cynipid Wasps (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae: Cynipini). ''In:'' Melika, G. & Thuróczy, C. (Eds.), ''Parasitic Wasps: Evolution, Systematics, Biodiversity and Biological Control''. ''International Symposium: “Parasitic Hymenoptera: Taxonomy and Biological Control” (14–17 May 2001, Kõszeg, Hungary).'' Agroinform, Budapest, pp. 150–190. Species in this genus are only known from Canada, the United States, and Mexico. The larvae of ''Philonix'' wasps induce galls on white oaks that are typically spherical, soft and fleshy. Galls are usually formed on the underside of leaves. Adult wasps are similar in appearance to species in the genus '' Acraspis''. Many gal ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Philonix Latigenae
''Philonix'' is a genus of oak gall wasps in the family Cynipidae.Poole, R.W. & P. Gentili, 1996. Hymenoptera, Mecoptera, Megaloptera, Neuroptera, Raphidioptera, Trichoptera. ''Nomina Insecta Nearctica: A Check List of the Insects of North America.'' Vol 2. Melika, G. & Abrahamson, W.G. (2002) Review of the World Genera of Oak Cynipid Wasps (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae: Cynipini). ''In:'' Melika, G. & Thuróczy, C. (Eds.), ''Parasitic Wasps: Evolution, Systematics, Biodiversity and Biological Control''. ''International Symposium: “Parasitic Hymenoptera: Taxonomy and Biological Control” (14–17 May 2001, Kõszeg, Hungary).'' Agroinform, Budapest, pp. 150–190. Species in this genus are only known from Canada, the United States, and Mexico. The larvae of ''Philonix'' wasps induce galls on white oaks that are typically spherical, soft and fleshy. Galls are usually formed on the underside of leaves. Adult wasps are similar in appearance to species in the genus '' Acraspis''. Many gal ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Philonix Fulvicollis
''Philonix'' is a genus of oak gall wasps in the family Cynipidae.Poole, R.W. & P. Gentili, 1996. Hymenoptera, Mecoptera, Megaloptera, Neuroptera, Raphidioptera, Trichoptera. ''Nomina Insecta Nearctica: A Check List of the Insects of North America.'' Vol 2. Melika, G. & Abrahamson, W.G. (2002) Review of the World Genera of Oak Cynipid Wasps (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae: Cynipini). ''In:'' Melika, G. & Thuróczy, C. (Eds.), ''Parasitic Wasps: Evolution, Systematics, Biodiversity and Biological Control''. ''International Symposium: “Parasitic Hymenoptera: Taxonomy and Biological Control” (14–17 May 2001, Kõszeg, Hungary).'' Agroinform, Budapest, pp. 150–190. Species in this genus are only known from Canada, the United States, and Mexico. The larvae of ''Philonix'' wasps induce galls on white oaks that are typically spherical, soft and fleshy. Galls are usually formed on the underside of leaves. Adult wasps are similar in appearance to species in the genus ''Acraspis ''Acra ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Philonix Gigas
''Philonix'' is a genus of oak gall wasps in the family Cynipidae.Poole, R.W. & P. Gentili, 1996. Hymenoptera, Mecoptera, Megaloptera, Neuroptera, Raphidioptera, Trichoptera. ''Nomina Insecta Nearctica: A Check List of the Insects of North America.'' Vol 2. Melika, G. & Abrahamson, W.G. (2002) Review of the World Genera of Oak Cynipid Wasps (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae: Cynipini). ''In:'' Melika, G. & Thuróczy, C. (Eds.), ''Parasitic Wasps: Evolution, Systematics, Biodiversity and Biological Control''. ''International Symposium: “Parasitic Hymenoptera: Taxonomy and Biological Control” (14–17 May 2001, Kõszeg, Hungary).'' Agroinform, Budapest, pp. 150–190. Species in this genus are only known from Canada, the United States, and Mexico. The larvae of ''Philonix'' wasps induce galls on white oaks that are typically spherical, soft and fleshy. Galls are usually formed on the underside of leaves. Adult wasps are similar in appearance to species in the genus '' Acraspis''. Many gal ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cynipini
Cynipini is a tribe of gall wasps. These insects induce galls in plants of the beech and oak family, Fagaceae. They are known commonly as the oak gall wasps.Melika, G., et al. (2013)A new genus of oak gallwasp, ''Cyclocynips'' Melika, Tang & Sinclair (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae: Cynipini), with descriptions of two new species from Taiwan.''Zootaxa'' 3630(3), 534-48. It is the largest cynipid tribe, with about 936Medianero, E. and J. L. Nieves-Aldrey. (2013)''Barucynips panamensis'', a new genus and species of oak gallwasps (Hymenoptera, Cynipidae, Cynipini) from Panama, and description of one new species of ''Coffeikokkos''.''ZooKeys'' (277), 25-46. to 1000 recognized species, most of which are associated with oaks. The tribe is mainly native to the Holarctic. Cynipini wasps can act as ecosystem engineers. Their galls can become hosts of inquilines, and the wasps themselves are hosts to parasitoids. Most of these wasps undergo cyclical parthenogenesis, sometimes reproducing sexually ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hymenoptera Of North America
Hymenoptera is a large order of insects, comprising the sawflies, wasps, bees, and ants. Over 150,000 living species of Hymenoptera have been described, in addition to over 2,000 extinct ones. Many of the species are parasitic. Females typically have a special ovipositor for inserting eggs into hosts or places that are otherwise inaccessible. This ovipositor is often modified into a stinger. The young develop through holometabolism (complete metamorphosis)—that is, they have a wormlike larval stage and an inactive pupal stage before they mature. Etymology The name Hymenoptera refers to the wings of the insects, but the original derivation is ambiguous. All references agree that the derivation involves the Ancient Greek πτερόν (''pteron'') for wing. The Ancient Greek ὑμήν (''hymen'') for membrane provides a plausible etymology for the term because species in this order have membranous wings. However, a key characteristic of this order is that the hindwings are co ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Insects Of Canada
Insects (from Latin ') are pancrustacean hexapod invertebrates of the class Insecta. They are the largest group within the arthropod phylum. Insects have a chitinous exoskeleton, a three-part body (head, thorax and abdomen), three pairs of jointed legs, compound eyes and one pair of antennae. Their blood is not totally contained in vessels; some circulates in an open cavity known as the haemocoel. Insects are the most diverse group of animals; they include more than a million described species and represent more than half of all known living organisms. The total number of extant species is estimated at between six and ten million; In: potentially over 90% of the animal life forms on Earth are insects. Insects may be found in nearly all environments, although only a small number of species reside in the oceans, which are dominated by another arthropod group, crustaceans, which recent research has indicated insects are nested within. Nearly all insects hatch from eggs. Ins ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Insects Described In 1859
Insects (from Latin ') are pancrustacean hexapod invertebrates of the class Insecta. They are the largest group within the arthropod phylum. Insects have a chitinous exoskeleton, a three-part body (head, thorax and abdomen), three pairs of jointed legs, compound eyes and one pair of antennae. Their blood is not totally contained in vessels; some circulates in an open cavity known as the haemocoel. Insects are the most diverse group of animals; they include more than a million described species and represent more than half of all known living organisms. The total number of extant species is estimated at between six and ten million; In: potentially over 90% of the animal life forms on Earth are insects. Insects may be found in nearly all environments, although only a small number of species reside in the oceans, which are dominated by another arthropod group, crustaceans, which recent research has indicated insects are nested within. Nearly all insects hatch from eggs. Insect ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Oak Galls
Oak apple or oak gall is the common name for a large, round, vaguely apple-like gall commonly found on many species of oak. Oak apples range in size from in diameter and are caused by chemicals injected by the larva of certain kinds of gall wasp in the family Cynipidae. The adult female wasp lays single eggs in developing leaf buds. The wasp larvae feed on the gall tissue resulting from their secretions, which modify the oak bud into the gall, a structure that protects the developing larvae until they undergo metamorphosis into adults. Considerable confusion exists in the general literature between the oak apple and the oak marble gall. The oak marble is frequently called the oak apple due to the superficial resemblance and the preponderance of the oak marble gall in the wild. Other galls found on oak trees include the oak artichoke gall and the acorn cup gall, but each of these has its own distinctive form. Some common oak-apple-forming species are the '' Biorhiza p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cynipidae
Gall wasps, also incorrectly called gallflies, are hymenopterans of the family Cynipidae in the wasp superfamily Cynipoidea. Their common name comes from the galls they induce on plants for larval development. About 1,300 species of this generally very small creature (1–8 mm) are known worldwide, with about 360 species of 36 different genera in Europe and some 800 species in North America. Features Like all Apocrita, gall wasps have a distinctive body shape, the so-called wasp waist. The first abdominal tergum (the propodeum) is conjoined with the thorax, while the second abdominal segment forms a sort of shaft, the petiole. The petiole connects with the gaster, which is the functional abdomen in apocritan wasps, starting with the third abdominal segment proper. Together, the petiole and the gaster form the metasoma, while the thorax and the propodeum make up the mesosoma. The antennae are straight and consist of two or three segments. In many varieties, the backside ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
