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Philautus Mjobergi
''Philautus mjobergi'' is a species of frog in the family Rhacophoridae. It is endemic to northern Borneo and found in Kalimantan (Indonesia) and Sarawak (Malaysia). The specific name ''mjobergi'' honours Eric Mjöberg, a Swedish naturalist, ethnographer, and explorer. Common names Murud bubble-nest frog and Mjöberg's bush frog have been coined for it. Description Adult males measure and adult females in snout–vent length. The appearance is stocky. The head is broader than it is long. The snout is rounded to elliptical. The tympanum is obscure. The finger and toe tips bear fleshy fringes and broad, oval discs; the fingers have rudimentary webbing while the more heavily webbed. The dorsal ground colour is pale grey to dark chestnut; the pattern is highly variable and may include bars, stripes, and mottling, or be plain. The iris is brown or goldish and has a horizontal dark bar. Habitat and conservation ''Philautus mjobergi'' occurs in submontane forests and montane (oak-ch ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Malcolm Arthur Smith
Malcolm Arthur Smith (1875 in New Malden, Surrey – 1958 in Ascot) was a herpetologist and physician working in the Malay Peninsula. Early life Smith was interested in reptiles and amphibians from an early age. After completing a degree in medicine and surgery in London in 1898, he left for the then Kingdom of Siam (today Thailand) as a doctor to the British Embassy in Bangkok. In 1921 he married Eryl Glynne of Bangor, who as well as being medically trained, made significant collections of ferns from Thailand and later worked at RBG Kew. She was killed in a car crash near Bangkok in 1930. The couple had three children including the mountaineer Cymryd "Cym" Smith, also killed in a road accidenEryl was the elder sister of the mountaineer and plant pathologist Mary Dilys Glynne. Work Smith went on to become the physician in the royal court of Siam and was a close confidant and a doctor to the royal family. He published his observations on the reptiles and amphibians during hi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sexual Selection In Amphibians
Sex is the biological distinction of an organism between male and female. Sex or SEX may also refer to: Biology and behaviour *Animal sexual behaviour **Copulation (zoology) **Human sexual activity **Non-penetrative sex, or sexual outercourse **Sex drive, a person's overall sexual drive or desire for sexual activity ** Sexual intercourse, also called copulation or coitus *Gender, the distinction between male and female or masculinity and femininity within an individual's gender identity **Sex and gender distinction *Human sexuality *Mating types, a distinction of gametes, whether in anisogamous or isogamous species * Sexing, the act of discerning the sex of an animal *Sexual reproduction, a process of combining and mixing genetic traits, associated with the generation of new individuals, by means of meiosis and fertilization ** Genetic recombination, the process of mixing genetic traits solely, occurring both in organisms with sexual or asexual reproduction Art and entertainment ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Taxa Named By Malcolm Arthur Smith
In biology, a taxon (back-formation from ''taxonomy''; plural taxa) is a group of one or more populations of an organism or organisms seen by taxonomists to form a unit. Although neither is required, a taxon is usually known by a particular name and given a particular ranking, especially if and when it is accepted or becomes established. It is very common, however, for taxonomists to remain at odds over what belongs to a taxon and the criteria used for inclusion. If a taxon is given a formal scientific name, its use is then governed by one of the nomenclature codes specifying which scientific name is correct for a particular grouping. Initial attempts at classifying and ordering organisms (plants and animals) were set forth in Carl Linnaeus's system in ''Systema Naturae'', 10th edition (1758), as well as an unpublished work by Bernard and Antoine Laurent de Jussieu. The idea of a unit-based system of biological classification was first made widely available in 1805 in the intro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Amphibians Described In 1925
Amphibians are four-limbed and ectothermic vertebrates of the class Amphibia. All living amphibians belong to the group Lissamphibia. They inhabit a wide variety of habitats, with most species living within terrestrial, fossorial, arboreal or freshwater aquatic ecosystems. Thus amphibians typically start out as larvae living in water, but some species have developed behavioural adaptations to bypass this. The young generally undergo metamorphosis from larva with gills to an adult air-breathing form with lungs. Amphibians use their skin as a secondary respiratory surface and some small terrestrial salamanders and frogs lack lungs and rely entirely on their skin. They are superficially similar to reptiles like lizards but, along with mammals and birds, reptiles are amniotes and do not require water bodies in which to breed. With their complex reproductive needs and permeable skins, amphibians are often ecological indicators; in recent decades there has been a dramat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Amphibians Of Malaysia
The amphibians of Malaysia are diverse. Species * ''Amolops larutensis'' * '' Angular caecilian'' * '' Ansonia albomaculata'' * '' Ansonia endauensis'' * '' Ansonia hanitschi'' * '' Ansonia latidisca'' * '' Ansonia minuta'' * '' Ansonia torrentis'' * '' Borneophrys edwardinae'' * '' Bufo asper'' * '' Calluella brooksii'' * '' Calluella flava'' * '' Calluella guttulata'' * '' Calluella volzi'' * '' Caudacaecilia asplenia'' * ''Caudacaecilia larutensis'' * '' Caudacaecilia nigroflava'' * ''Chaperina fusca'' * '' Chiromantis nongkhorensis'' * ''Duttaphrynus melanostictus'' * ''Fejervarya cancrivora'' * ''Fejervarya limnocharis'' * ''Fejervarya pulla'' * '' Hoplobatrachus rugulosus'' * '' Huia cavitympanum'' * ''Humerana miopus'' * ''Hylarana banjarana'' * ''Hylarana baramica'' * '' Hylarana erythraea'' * ''Hylarana glandulosa'' * ''Hylarana laterimaculata'' * '' Hylarana luctuosa'' * '' Hylarana macrodactyla'' * '' Hylarana nigrovittata'' * '' Hylarana siberu'' * '' Hylarana signata' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Amphibians Of Indonesia
Amphibians are four-limbed and ectothermic vertebrates of the class Amphibia. All living amphibians belong to the group Lissamphibia. They inhabit a wide variety of habitats, with most species living within terrestrial, fossorial, arboreal or freshwater aquatic ecosystems. Thus amphibians typically start out as larvae living in water, but some species have developed behavioural adaptations to bypass this. The young generally undergo metamorphosis from larva with gills to an adult air-breathing form with lungs. Amphibians use their skin as a secondary respiratory surface and some small terrestrial salamanders and frogs lack lungs and rely entirely on their skin. They are superficially similar to reptiles like lizards but, along with mammals and birds, reptiles are amniotes and do not require water bodies in which to breed. With their complex reproductive needs and permeable skins, amphibians are often ecological indicators; in recent decades there has been a dramatic declin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Endemic Fauna Of Borneo
Endemism is the state of a species being found in a single defined geographic location, such as an island, state, nation, country or other defined zone; organisms that are indigenous to a place are not endemic to it if they are also found elsewhere. For example, the Cape sugarbird is found exclusively in southwestern South Africa and is therefore said to be ''endemic'' to that particular part of the world. An endemic species can be also be referred to as an ''endemism'' or in scientific literature as an ''endemite''. For example '' Cytisus aeolicus'' is an endemite of the Italian flora. '' Adzharia renschi'' was once believed to be an endemite of the Caucasus, but it was later discovered to be a non-indigenous species from South America belonging to a different genus. The extreme opposite of an endemic species is one with a cosmopolitan distribution, having a global or widespread range. A rare alternative term for a species that is endemic is "precinctive", which applies to s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nepenthes Infauna
''Nepenthes'' infauna are the organisms that inhabit the pitchers of '' Nepenthes'' plants. These include fly and midge larvae, spiders, mites, ants, and even a species of crab, '' Geosesarma malayanum''. The most common and conspicuous predators found in pitchers are mosquito larvae, which consume large numbers of other larvae during their development. Many of these animals are so specialised that they cannot survive anywhere else, and are referred to as ''nepenthebionts''. The complex relationships between these various organisms are not yet fully understood. The question of whether infaunal animals "steal" food from their hosts, or whether they are involved in a mutually beneficial ( symbiotic) association has yet to be investigated experimentally and is the source of considerable debate. Charles Clarke suggests that mutualism is a "likely situation", whereby "the infauna receives domicile, protection and food from the plant, while in return, the infauna helps to br ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Philautus
''Philautus'' is a genus of shrub frogs in the family Rhacophoridae from Asia. Some species in this genus are now considered extinct by IUCN, while others are widespread and abundant (such as the recently described ''P. abundus'', which was specifically named for this fact). The taxonomy of the group is unclear, with many poorly described species. This genus is unique in that development not direct, with all growth inside the egg and no free-swimming tadpole stage. Some species have been found to bury their eggs in soil, although they are arboreal, and others attach their eggs to leaves. Revision In early 2009, Delhi University researchers revised this genus after discovering and rediscovering species in Western Ghats forest. List of species The following species are recognised in the genus ''Philautus'': * ''Philautus abditus'' Inger, Orlov, and Darevsky, 1999 * ''Philautus acutirostris'' (Peters, 1867) * ''Philautus acutus'' Dring, 1987 * ''Philautus amabilis'' Wostl, Riy ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gunung Mulu National Park
The Gunung Mulu National Park is a national park in Miri Division, Sarawak, Malaysia. It is a UNESCO World Heritage Site that encompasses caves and karst formations in a mountainous equatorial rainforest setting. The park is famous for its caves and the expeditions that have been mounted to explore them and their surrounding rainforest, most notably the Royal Geographical Society Expedition of 1977–1978, which saw over 100 scientists in the field for 15 months. This initiated a series of over 20 expeditions now named the Mulu Caves Project. The national park is named after Mount Mulu, the second highest mountain in Sarawak. History The earliest reference to the Mulu caves was in 1858 when Spenser St. John (British Consul in Brunei) mentioned the "detached masses of limestone, much water-worn, with caverns and natural tunnels” in his book "Life in the Forests of the Far East". Spenser tried to ascend Mount Mulu later but failed due to limestone cliffs, dense forests, and s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kinabalu Park
Kinabalu Park ( ms, Taman Kinabalu), established as one of the first national parks of Malaysia in 1964, is Malaysia's first World Heritage Site designated by UNESCO in December 2000 for its "outstanding universal values" and the role as one of the most important biological sites in the world with more than 4,500 species of flora and fauna, including 326 bird and around 100 mammal species, and over 110 land snail species. Located on the west coast of Sabah, Malaysian Borneo, it covers an area of 754 square kilometres surrounding Mount Kinabalu, which at 4,095.2 meters, is the highest mountain on the island of Borneo. The park is one of the most popular tourist spots in Sabah and Malaysia in general. In 2010, the park received 611,624 visitors, including 47,613 climbers. The site has been identified by UNESCO as a Centre of Plant Diversity for Southeast Asia, as it contains representatives from at least half of all Borneo’s plant species and is extremely rich in species with ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pitcher Plant
Pitcher plants are several different carnivorous plants which have modified leaves known as pitfall traps—a prey-trapping mechanism featuring a deep cavity filled with digestive liquid. The traps of what are considered to be "true" pitcher plants are formed by specialized leaves. The plants attract and drown their prey with nectar. Types The term "pitcher plant" generally refers to members of the Nepenthaceae and Sarraceniaceae families, but similar pitfall traps are employed by the monotypic Cephalotaceae and some members of the Bromeliaceae. The families Nepenthaceae and Sarraceniaceae are the most species-rich families of pitcher plants. The Nepenthaceae contains a single genus, '' Nepenthes'', containing over 100 species and numerous hybrids and cultivars. In this genus of Old World pitcher plants, the pitchers are borne at the end of tendrils that extend from the midrib of an otherwise unexceptional leaf. Old World pitcher plants are typically characterized as havin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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