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Phasmatodea Of Europe
The Phasmatodea (also known as Phasmida, Phasmatoptera or Spectra) are an order of insects whose members are variously known as stick insects, stick-bugs, walking sticks, stick animals, or bug sticks. They are also occasionally referred to as Devil's darning needles, although this name is shared by both dragonflies and crane flies. They can be generally referred to as phasmatodeans, phasmids, or ghost insects, with phasmids in the family Phylliidae called leaf insects, leaf-bugs, walking leaves, or bug leaves. The group's name is derived from the Ancient Greek ', meaning an apparition or phantom, referring to their resemblance to vegetation while in fact being animals. Their natural camouflage makes them difficult for predators to detect; still, many species have one of several secondary lines of defense in the form of startle displays, spines or toxic secretions. Stick insects from the genera ''Phryganistria'', ''Ctenomorpha'', and ''Phobaeticus'' include the world's longes ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pijnackeria Hispanica
''Pijnackeria hispanica'', commonly known as the Spanish walkingstick or the Spanish stick insect, is a species of Phasmatodea, Phasmid (stick insect) in the Family (biology), family Diapheromeridae. It is found in Spain and France. This species' color can be turquoise, brown, or green. ''P. hispanica'' usually feeds on rose leaves. This phasmid is slender with short Antenna (biology), antennae and yellow or brown eyes with a black horizontal stripe or pseudopupil. References Insect taxa Insects described in 1878 Diapheromeridae {{Phasmatodea-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Antipredator Adaptation
Anti-predator adaptations are mechanisms developed through evolution that assist prey organisms in their constant struggle against predators. Throughout the animal kingdom, adaptations have evolved for every stage of this struggle, namely by avoiding detection, warding off attack, fighting back, or escaping when caught. The first line of defence consists in avoiding detection, through mechanisms such as camouflage, masquerade, apostatic selection, living underground, or nocturnality. Alternatively, prey animals may ward off attack, whether by advertising the presence of strong defences in aposematism, by mimicking animals which do possess such defences, by startling the attacker, by signalling to the predator that pursuit is not worthwhile, by distraction, by using defensive structures such as spines, and by living in a group. Members of groups are at reduced risk of predation, despite the increased conspicuousness of a group, through improved vigilance, predator confusion ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Heteropteryx Dilatata
''Heteropteryx'' is a monotypic genus of stick insects containing ''Heteropteryx dilatata'' as the only described species. and gives its name to the family of the Heteropterygidae. Their only species may be known as jungle nymph, Malaysian stick insect, Malaysian wood nymph, Malayan jungle nymph, or Malayan wood nymph and because of their size it is commonly kept in zoological institutions and private terrariums of insect lovers. It originates in Malay Archipelago, more precisely on the Malay Peninsula and Borneo and is nocturnal. Description The females are much larger and wider than the males, reaching to in length and 30 to 65 g in weight, making them among the heaviest phasmids and extant insects. In addition to the typically lime green-colored females, there are also yellow and even more rarely red-brown females. Their two pairs of wings are both shortened. At rest, the green forewings, formed as tegmina, cover the somewhat shorter, strikingly pink-colored membra ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Phobaeticus Chani Bragg, 2008; Holotype Female Dorsal View
''Phobaeticus'' is a genus of Asian stick insects comprising over 25 species. The generic name of some species used to be ''Pharnacia'' (e.g. ''Phobaeticus serratipes'' was known as ''Pharnacia serratipes''). Species # '' Phobaeticus annamallayanus'' (Wood-Mason, 1877) #''Phobaeticus chani'' Bragg, 2008 # '' Phobaeticus decoris'' Seow-Choen, 2016 # ''Phobaeticus foliatus'' (Bragg, 1995) #'' Phobaeticus grubaueri'' (Redtenbacher, 1908) # ''Phobaeticus hypharpax'' (Westwood, 1859) # ''Phobaeticus incertus'' Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1907 # '' Phobaeticus ingens'' (Redtenbacher, 1908) # '' Phobaeticus kirbyi'' Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1907 # ''Phobaeticus lobulatus'' (Carl, 1913) # '' Phobaeticus lumawigi'' Brock, 1998 # ''Phobaeticus magnus'' Hennemann & Conle, 2008 # ''Phobaeticus mjobergi'' (Günther, 1935) #''Phobaeticus monicachiae'' Seow-Choen, 2016 # ''Phobaeticus palawanensis'' Hennemann & Conle, 2008 # ''Phobaeticus philippinicus'' (Hennemann & Conle, 1997) # ''Phobaeticus pinn ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Giant Stick Insect (Phobaeticus Serratipes) On Sylvain (8727651923)
In folklore, giants (from Ancient Greek: '' gigas'', cognate giga-) are beings of human-like appearance, but are at times prodigious in size and strength or bear an otherwise notable appearance. The word ''giant'' is first attested in 1297 from Robert of Gloucester's chronicle. It is derived from the '' Gigantes'' ( grc-gre, Γίγαντες) of Greek mythology. Fairy tales such as ''Jack the Giant Killer'' have formed the modern perception of giants as dimwitted ogres, sometimes said to eat humans, while other giants tend to eat the livestock. The antagonist in ''Jack and the Beanstalk'' is often described as a giant. In some more recent portrayals, like those of Jonathan Swift and Roald Dahl, some giants are both intelligent and friendly. Literary and cultural analysis Giants appear in the folklore of cultures worldwide as they represent a relatively simple concept. Representing the human body enlarged to the point of being monstrous, giants evoke terror and remind humans o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Parthenogenesis
Parthenogenesis (; from the Greek grc, παρθένος, translit=parthénos, lit=virgin, label=none + grc, γένεσις, translit=génesis, lit=creation, label=none) is a natural form of asexual reproduction in which growth and development of embryos occur in a gamete (egg or sperm) without combining with another gamete (e.g., egg and sperm fusing). In animals, parthenogenesis means development of an embryo from an unfertilized Gametophyte, egg cell. In plants, parthenogenesis is a component process of apomixis. In algae, parthenogenesis can mean the development of an embryo from either an individual sperm or an individual egg. Parthenogenesis occurs naturally in some plants, algae, invertebrate animal species (including nematodes, some tardigrades, water fleas, some scorpions, aphids, some mites, some bees, some Phasmatodea and parasitic wasps) and a few vertebrates (such as some fish, amphibians, reptiles and birds). This type of reproduction has been induced artificially ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nymph (biology)
In biology, a nymph is the immature form of some invertebrates, particularly insects, which undergoes gradual metamorphosis (hemimetabolism) before reaching its adult stage. Unlike a typical larva, a nymph's overall form already resembles that of the adult, except for a lack of wings (in winged species). In addition, while a nymph moults, it never enters a pupal stage. Instead, the final moult results in an adult insect. Nymphs undergo multiple stages of development called instars. This is the case, for example, in Orthoptera (crickets, grasshoppers and locusts), Hemiptera (cicadas, shield bugs, whiteflies, aphids, leafhoppers, froghoppers, treehoppers etc.), mayflies, termites, cockroaches, mantises, stoneflies and Odonata (dragonflies and damselflies). Nymphs of aquatic insects, as in the Odonata, Ephemeroptera, and Plecoptera, are also called naiads, an Ancient Greek name for mythological water nymphs. Usage of the term 'naiad' is no longer popular among entomologists, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hemimetabolism
Hemimetabolism or hemimetaboly, also called incomplete metamorphosis and paurometabolism,McGavin, George C. ''Essential Entomology: An Order-by-Order Introduction''. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2001. pp. 20. is the mode of development of certain insects that includes three distinct stages: the egg, nymph, and the adult stage, or imago. These groups go through gradual changes; there is no pupal stage. The nymph often has a thin exoskeleton and resembles the adult stage but lacks wings and functional reproductive organs. The hemimetabolous insects differ from ametabolous taxa in that the one and only adult instar undergoes no further moulting. Orders All insects of the Pterygota except Holometabola belong to hemimetabolous orders: *Hemiptera (scale insects, aphids, whitefly, cicadas, leafhoppers, and true bugs) * Orthoptera ( grasshoppers, locusts, and crickets) *Mantodea (praying mantises) *Blattodea (cockroaches and termites) *Dermaptera (earwigs) *Odonata (dragonflies and da ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Subtropics
The subtropical zones or subtropics are geographical and climate zones to the north and south of the tropics. Geographically part of the temperate zones of both hemispheres, they cover the middle latitudes from to approximately 35° north and south. The horse latitudes lie within this range. Subtropical climates are often characterized by hot summers and mild winters with infrequent frost. Most subtropical climates fall into two basic types: humid subtropical (Koppen climate Cfa), where rainfall is often concentrated in the warmest months, for example Southeast China and the Southeastern United States, and dry summer or Mediterranean climate (Koppen climate Csa/Csb), where seasonal rainfall is concentrated in the cooler months, such as the Mediterranean Basin or Southern California. Subtropical climates can also occur at high elevations within the tropics, such as in the southern end of the Mexican Plateau and in Da Lat of the Vietnamese Central Highlands. The six climate cl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tropics
The tropics are the regions of Earth surrounding the Equator. They are defined in latitude by the Tropic of Cancer in the Northern Hemisphere at N and the Tropic of Capricorn in the Southern Hemisphere at S. The tropics are also referred to as the tropical zone and the torrid zone (see geographical zone). In terms of climate, the tropics receive sunlight that is more direct than the rest of Earth and are generally hotter and wetter as they aren't affected as much by the solar seasons. The word "tropical" sometimes refers to this sort of climate in the zone rather than to the geographical zone itself. The tropical zone includes deserts and snow-capped mountains, which are not tropical in the climatic sense. The tropics are distinguished from the other climatic and biomatic regions of Earth, which are the middle latitudes and the polar regions on either side of the equatorial zone. The tropics constitute 40% of Earth's surface area and contain 36% of Earth's landmass. , the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Antarctica
Antarctica () is Earth's southernmost and least-populated continent. Situated almost entirely south of the Antarctic Circle and surrounded by the Southern Ocean, it contains the geographic South Pole. Antarctica is the fifth-largest continent, being about 40% larger than Europe, and has an area of . Most of Antarctica is covered by the Antarctic ice sheet, with an average thickness of . Antarctica is, on average, the coldest, driest, and windiest of the continents, and it has the highest average elevation. It is mainly a polar desert, with annual precipitation of over along the coast and far less inland. About 70% of the world's freshwater reserves are frozen in Antarctica, which, if melted, would raise global sea levels by almost . Antarctica holds the record for the lowest measured temperature on Earth, . The coastal regions can reach temperatures over in summer. Native species of animals include mites, nematodes, penguins, seals and tardigrades. Where vegetation o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Phobaeticus
''Phobaeticus'' is a genus of Asian stick insects comprising over 25 species. The generic name of some species used to be ''Pharnacia'' (e.g. ''Phobaeticus serratipes'' was known as ''Pharnacia serratipes''). Species # '' Phobaeticus annamallayanus'' (Wood-Mason, 1877) #''Phobaeticus chani'' Bragg, 2008 # '' Phobaeticus decoris'' Seow-Choen, 2016 # ''Phobaeticus foliatus'' (Bragg, 1995) #'' Phobaeticus grubaueri'' (Redtenbacher, 1908) # ''Phobaeticus hypharpax'' (Westwood, 1859) # ''Phobaeticus incertus'' Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1907 # '' Phobaeticus ingens'' (Redtenbacher, 1908) # '' Phobaeticus kirbyi'' Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1907 # ''Phobaeticus lobulatus'' (Carl, 1913) # '' Phobaeticus lumawigi'' Brock, 1998 # ''Phobaeticus magnus'' Hennemann & Conle, 2008 # ''Phobaeticus mjobergi'' (Günther, 1935) #''Phobaeticus monicachiae'' Seow-Choen, 2016 # ''Phobaeticus palawanensis'' Hennemann & Conle, 2008 # ''Phobaeticus philippinicus'' (Hennemann & Conle, 1997) # ''Phobaeticus pinn ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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