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Peter Kozler
Peter Kosler or Kozler (16 February 1824 – 16 April 1879) was a Carniolan lawyer, geographer, cartographer, activist, and businessman. He was of ethnic German origin, but also identified with Slovene culture and advocated the peaceful coexistence of the Slovene and German cultures in Carniola. Kosler was born in Koče, a village south of Kočevje in Gottschee County, in what was then the Austrian Kingdom of Illyria, and is now Slovenia. He is best known for creating the first map of the Slovene Lands, called ''Zemljovid Slovenske dežele in pokrajin'' (Map of the Slovene Land and Provinces). Made already from 1848 until the end of 1852, it was published only in 1861. Despite this, it had a significant impact in the time of the Slovene national awakening. Born in a relatively well-to-do family, Kosler made a fortune with beer brewing and was the founder of the Union Brewery. He gave large amounts of money to support Slovenian cultural associations and institutions. He was ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cekin Mansion
Cekin Mansion ( sl, Cekinov grad, german: Leopoldsruhe''Leksikon občin kraljestev in dežel zastopanih v državnem zboru,'' vol. 6: ''Kranjsko''. 1906. Vienna: C. Kr. Dvorna in Državna Tiskarna, p. 113.) is a mansion on the northern edge of Tivoli Park in Ljubljana, the capital of Slovenia. It is located next to Tivoli Hall in the Šiška District. It houses the Museum of Contemporary History of Slovenia (). Name The mansion is named after Lőrincz (or Laurenz) Szőgyény (1741–1805), the husband of Ivana Lamberg, who was given the building. The name ''Szőgyény'' was Slovenized by the townspeople into ''Cekin''. History The mansion was commissioned in 1720 by Leopold Lamberg based on plans by the Viennese Baroque architect Fischer von Erlach. During the last years of the French administration of Ljubljana from 1812 to 1813, it was used as a temporary residence by Eugène de Beauharnais, the viceroy of Italy and the commander of the Napoleonic armies in the Illyrian Province ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
United Slovenia
United Slovenia ( sl, Zedinjena Slovenija or ) is the name originally given to an unrealized political programme of the Slovenes, Slovene national movement, formulated during the Spring of Nations in 1848. The programme demanded (a) unification of all the Slovene Lands, Slovene-inhabited areas into one single kingdom under the rule of the Austrian Empire, (b) equal rights of Slovene language, Slovene in public, and (c) strongly opposed the planned integration of the Habsburg monarchy with the German Confederation. The programme failed to meet its main objectives, but it remained the common political program of all currents within the Slovene national movement until World War I. Historical context Following the Vienna Rebellion that forced Ferdinand I of Austria, Ferdinand I to abolish feudalism and adopt a constitution, many nations of the Austrian Empire saw a chance for strengthening their ideas. After the Congress of Vienna in 1815, for the first time in centuries, all Slove ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tivoli City Park
Tivoli City Park ( sl, Mestni park Tivoli) or simply Tivoli Park () is the largest park in Ljubljana, the capital of Slovenia. It is located on the western outskirts of the Center District, stretching to the Šiška District to the north, the Vič District to the south, and the Rožnik District to the west. Several notable buildings and art works stand in the park. Since 1984, the park has been protected as part of Tivoli–Rožnik Hill–Šiška Hill Nature Park. It is home to a variety of bird species. Landmarks Architecture ;Tivoli Castle Tivoli Castle is a mansion and is the terminus of the Jakopič Promenade. Built in the 17th century atop the ruins of a previous Renaissance-period castle, the mansion was initially owned by the Jesuits. In the middle of the 19th century, it was renovated by Marshal Joseph Radetzky (1766–1858) in the Neoclassical style, giving it its present appearance. In 1864, Austrian sculptors in a Moravian foundry designed four cast-iron dogs that s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Postal Stamp
A postage stamp is a small piece of paper issued by a post office, postal administration, or other authorized vendors to customers who pay postage (the cost involved in moving, insuring, or registering mail), who then affix the stamp to the face or address-side of any item of mail—an envelope or other postal cover (e.g., packet, box, mailing cylinder)—that they wish to send. The item is then processed by the postal system, where a postmark or cancellation mark—in modern usage indicating date and point of origin of mailing—is applied to the stamp and its left and right sides to prevent its reuse. The item is then delivered to its addressee. Always featuring the name of the issuing nation (with the exception of the United Kingdom), a denomination of its value, and often an illustration of persons, events, institutions, or natural realities that symbolize the nation's traditions and values, every stamp is printed on a piece of usually rectangular, but sometimes triangular ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Žale
Žale Central Cemetery ( sl, Centralno pokopališče Žale), often simply Žale, is the largest and the central cemetery in Ljubljana and Slovenia. It is located in the Bežigrad District and operated by the Žale Public Company. History The cemetery was built in 1906 behind Holy Cross Church. The first burial was performed in the same year on May 3, when the priest Martin Malenšek was transferred there from the old Navje cemetery. During World War I, many of the fallen soldiers of all sides were buried in Žale. However, they were all Roman Catholics, while Protestants, Jews and Muslims were buried in Navje. In 1923 the authorities allowed Jews and Muslims to be buried in Žale too, but only on the exterior side of the cemetery wall. In 1931 the new part of the cemetery (B part) opened. The Italian military cemetery was arranged there and many Italian soldiers were reburied from the A part. At the same year the Jewish part of the cemetery was arranged too, however it was sepa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ljubljana
Ljubljana (also known by other historical names) is the capital and largest city of Slovenia. It is the country's cultural, educational, economic, political and administrative center. During antiquity, a Roman city called Emona stood in the area. Ljubljana itself was first mentioned in the first half of the 12th century. Situated at the middle of a trade route between the northern Adriatic Sea and the Danube region, it was the historical capital of Carniola, one of the Slovene-inhabited parts of the Habsburg monarchy. It was under Habsburg rule from the Middle Ages until the dissolution of the Austro-Hungarian Empire in 1918. After World War II, Ljubljana became the capital of the Socialist Republic of Slovenia, part of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia. The city retained this status until Slovenia became independent in 1991 and Ljubljana became the capital of the newly formed state. Name The origin of the name ''Ljubljana'' is unclear. In the Middle Ages, both ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Franc Frakelj
Franc Frakelj (a.k.a. Peter Skalar) (19 January 1917–?)Vidic, Joze. 1982. ''Po sledovih črne roke: dokumentarno-reportažni zapis''. Ljubljana: Borec. was a member of the collaborationist Slovene Home Guard (after the Italian fascist capitulation in 1943) and a member of a secret murderous militia called Črna roka (''Black Hand'') who is accused of killing over 60 people during the Second World War. He and his group used wooden sticks to massacre local people in the winter of 1943–44 in Kosler's Thicket in the marshes south of Ljubljana. Frakelj was born in Dražgoše (a part of Železniki), a village in northwestern Slovenia, which was destroyed in 1942 by the German Army. Before the Battle of Turjak Castle (September 19, 1943) Frakelj was the commander of a stronghold of village guards in Tomišelj south of Ljubljana. He died in Canada living under the name Peter Markis.Čepe, Marica, Vladimir Krivic, & Niko Lukež. 1985. ''Junaška Ljubljana 1941–1945''. Ljubljana: Drža ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Slovenian Home Guard
The Slovene Home Guard ( sl, Slovensko domobranstvo, SD; german: Slowenische Landeswehr) was a Slovene anti-Partisan military organization that was active during the 1943–1945 German occupation of the formerly Italian-occupied Province of Ljubljana. It consisted of former Village Sentries ( sl, Vaške straže; it, Guardia Civica), part of Italian-sponsored Anti-Communist Volunteer Militia, re-organized under Nazi command after the Italian Armistice. It was closely linked to Slovenian right wing anti-Communist political parties and organizations, which provided most of the membership, taking assistance of Germans rather than the opposite. In the Slovenian Littoral, a similar but much smaller unit, called Slovenian National Defense Corps ( sl, Slovensko narodno varnostni zbor, german: Slowenisches Nationales Schutzkorps), more commonly known as the Littoral Home Guard ( sl, Primorsko domobranstvo) was ideologically and organizationally linked to the SD. An even smaller Uppe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
World War II
World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great powers—forming two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis powers. World War II was a total war that directly involved more than 100 million personnel from more than 30 countries. The major participants in the war threw their entire economic, industrial, and scientific capabilities behind the war effort, blurring the distinction between civilian and military resources. Aircraft played a major role in the conflict, enabling the strategic bombing of population centres and deploying the only two nuclear weapons ever used in war. World War II was by far the deadliest conflict in human history; it resulted in 70 to 85 million fatalities, mostly among civilians. Tens of millions died due to genocides (including the Holocaust), starvation, ma ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ljubljana Marsh
The Ljubljana Marsh ( sl, Ljubljansko barje), located south of Ljubljana, the capital of Slovenia, is the largest marsh in the country. It covers or 0.8% of the Slovene territory. It is administered by the Municipalities of Slovenia, municipalities of Municipality of Borovnica, Borovnica, Municipality of Brezovica, Brezovica, City Municipality of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Municipality of Ig, Ig, Municipality of Log-Dragomer, Log-Dragomer, Škofljica and Municipality of Vrhnika, Vrhnika. Biodiversity The Ljubljana Marsh is a place of great biodiversity. Since 2008, the major part of the Ljubljana Marsh, covering an area of , has been protected as a Landscape park (protected area), landscape park. The most preserved parts had been already before protected as nature reserves and as natural monuments. History The Ljubljana Marsh was inhabited in prehistoric times, when it was a shallow lake. Prehistoric pile dwellings around the Alps, Prehistoric pile dwellings and Ljubljana Marshes Whe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Čop Street
Čop Street ( sl, Čopova ulica) is a major pedestrian thoroughfare in the center of Ljubljana, Slovenia and regarded as the capital's central promenade. Location The street leads from the Main Post Office () at Slovene Street () to Prešeren Square (). History Until the late 19th century, the street was known as Elephant Street () in memory of an elephant present in the city in the 16th century. A gift from the Ottoman sultan, the animal had been traveling in the entourage of Emperor Maximilian II on his way back from Spain to Germany, and had been stabled at what is now the upper part of the street in 1550, where the Slon Hotel now stands. In 1892, the name of the street was changed to Prešeren Street (). In 1949, it was renamed Čop Street after Matija Čop, an early 19th-century literary figure and close friend of the Slovene Romantic poet France Prešeren France Prešeren () (2 or 3 December 1800 – 8 February 1849) was a 19th-century Romantic Slovene poet whose p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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