Penrhyn (atoll)
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Penrhyn (atoll)
Penrhyn (also called Tongareva, Māngarongaro, Hararanga, and Te Pitaka) is an atoll in the Northern Cook Islands, northern group of the Cook Islands in the south Pacific Ocean. The northernmost island in the group, it is located at north-north-east of the capital island of Rarotonga, 9th parallel south, 9 degrees south of the equator. Its nearest neighbours are Rakahanga and Manihiki, approximately to the southwest. Once one of the most heavily populated atolls, it was almost completely depopulated by Peruvian slavers in 1864. Geography Penrhyn is a roughly circular coral atoll with a circumference of approximately , enclosing a lagoon with an area of . The atoll is atop the highest submarine volcano in the Cook Islands, rising from the ocean floor. The atoll is low-lying, with a maximum elevation of less than . The total land area is . The atoll rim consists of 18 major islets. Clockwise, from the Northwest, these are: * Tokerau (Penrhyn), Tokerau * Painko * Ruahara * Ta ...
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Pacific Ocean
The Pacific Ocean is the largest and deepest of Earth's five oceanic divisions. It extends from the Arctic Ocean in the north to the Southern Ocean (or, depending on definition, to Antarctica) in the south, and is bounded by the continents of Asia and Oceania in the west and the Americas in the east. At in area (as defined with a southern Antarctic border), this largest division of the World Ocean—and, in turn, the hydrosphere—covers about 46% of Earth's water surface and about 32% of its total surface area, larger than Earth's entire land area combined .Pacific Ocean
. '' Britannica Concise.'' 2008: Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.
The centers of both the



Penrhyn
Penryn is a Cornish word meaning 'headland' that may refer to: *Penryn, Cornwall, United Kingdom, a town of about 7,000 on the Penryn River **Penryn railway station, a station on the Maritime Line between Truro and Falmouth Docks, and serves the town of Penryn, Cornwall **Penryn Campus is a university campus in Penryn, Cornwall *Penryn (UK Parliament constituency) a former constituency based on Penryn, Cornwall *Penryn RFC, an English and Cornish rugby union club based in the town of the same name *Penryn, California, in the United States, a town of 831, and home to a granite quarry *Penryn (microarchitecture), code name for a CPU core from Intel, used in Core 2 Duo *Penryn (microprocessor), code name for a microprocessor die from Intel, used in mobile Core 2 Duo Penrhyn is a Welsh word meaning 'headland' that may refer to: *Penrhyn, Anglesey, a village in Anglesey, North Wales *Baron Penrhyn, a title of peerage *Penrhyn Bay, a small town on the North Wales coast *Penrhyn Castle, a ...
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Otto Von Kotzebue Meets The Inhabitants Of Penrhyn
Otto is a masculine German given name and a surname. It originates as an Old High German short form (variants ''Audo'', ''Odo'', ''Udo'') of Germanic names beginning in ''aud-'', an element meaning "wealth, prosperity". The name is recorded from the 7th century ( Odo, son of Uro, courtier of Sigebert III). It was the name of three 10th-century German kings, the first of whom was Otto I the Great, the first Holy Roman Emperor, founder of the Ottonian dynasty. The Gothic form of the prefix was ''auda-'' (as in e.g. '' Audaþius''), the Anglo-Saxon form was ''ead-'' (as in e.g. ''Eadmund''), and the Old Norse form was '' auð-''. The given name Otis arose from an English surname, which was in turn derived from ''Ode'', a variant form of ''Odo, Otto''. Due to Otto von Bismarck, the given name ''Otto'' was strongly associated with the German Empire in the later 19th century. It was comparatively frequently given in the United States (presumably in German American families) during t ...
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Tekasi
Tekasi is an islet in Penrhyn Atoll (Tongareva) in the Cook Islands. It is located on the north-west edge of the atoll, next to the northwest passage into the lagoon and north of Matunga Matunga (Marathi pronunciation: aːʈuŋɡaː is a locality in the heart of Mumbai City towards downtown Mumbai. It is serviced by the Matunga Road station on the Western line, Matunga station on the Central Line and King's Circle station on .... The island was once a camping place for fishermen. References Penrhyn atoll {{CookIslands-island-stub ...
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Matunga (Penrhyn)
Matunga, also known as Morokai, is an islet in Penrhyn Atoll (Tongareva) in the Cook Islands. The islet is in the northwest of the atoll, just south of Tekasi. The islet contains the ruins of a ''marae'', ''Kirihuri'', as well as a ruined church. It was one of the missionary villages depopulated by Peruvian slavers. In 1890 after an outbreak of leprosy the island was used as a leper colony and was renamed "morokai". The remaining lepers were evacuated to Fiji Fiji ( , ,; fj, Viti, ; Fiji Hindi: फ़िजी, ''Fijī''), officially the Republic of Fiji, is an island country in Melanesia, part of Oceania in the South Pacific Ocean. It lies about north-northeast of New Zealand. Fiji consists ... in 1929.Hiroa (1932), p. 82 References Penrhyn atoll {{CookIslands-island-stub ...
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Moananui Islet
Moananui Islet is an islet in Penrhyn Atoll (Tongareva) in the Cook Islands. The main village of the atoll, Omoka, is situated on Moananui Islet. Tongareva Airport Tongareva Airport is an airport on Penrhyn Island in the Cook Islands. History During World War II, Tongareva was of strategic importance. In 1942, 1,000 U.S. servicemen began constructing a 10,000 ft airstrip on the motu of Moananui. The ... is on this island. References Penrhyn atoll {{CookIslands-island-stub ...
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Mangarongaro (Penrhyn)
Mangarongaro is an islet in Penrhyn Atoll (Tongareva) in the Cook Islands. The islet makes up most of the southwestern rim of the atoll, south of Moananui Islet and west of Atiati. The islet was once inhabited, and contains the remains of two ''marae A ' (in New Zealand Māori, Cook Islands Māori, Tahitian), ' (in Tongan), ' (in Marquesan) or ' (in Samoan) is a communal or sacred place that serves religious and social purposes in Polynesian societies. In all these languages, the term a ...'', ''Rakahanga'' and ''Te Vete''. References Penrhyn atoll {{CookIslands-island-stub ...
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Atiati
Atiati is an islet in Penrhyn Atoll (Tongareva) in the Cook Islands ) , image_map = Cook Islands on the globe (small islands magnified) (Polynesia centered).svg , capital = Avarua , coordinates = , largest_city = Avarua , official_languages = , lan .... It marks the southwestern boundary of the atoll and is east of Mangarongaro. References Penrhyn atoll {{CookIslands-island-stub ...
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Moturakina
Moturakina is an islet in Penrhyn Atoll (Tongareva) in the Cook Islands. It is in the middle of the southern rim of the atoll, between Atiati Atiati is an islet in Penrhyn Atoll (Tongareva) in the Cook Islands ) , image_map = Cook Islands on the globe (small islands magnified) (Polynesia centered).svg , capital = Avarua , coordinates = ... and Atutahi. References Penrhyn atoll {{CookIslands-island-stub ...
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Atutahi (Penrhyn)
Atutahi is an islet in Penrhyn Atoll (Tongareva) in the Cook Islands. It is on the southern edge of the atoll, between Moturakina and Ahu a Miria. The island contains both a ''marae A ' (in New Zealand Māori, Cook Islands Māori, Tahitian), ' (in Tongan), ' (in Marquesan) or ' (in Samoan) is a communal or sacred place that serves religious and social purposes in Polynesian societies. In all these languages, the term a ...'', ''Te Rupe-tangi-rekareka'', and a stone ellipse.Hiroa (1932), p. 180-182. References Penrhyn atoll {{CookIslands-island-stub ...
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Ahu A Miria
Ahu a Miria is an islet in Penrhyn Atoll (Tongareva) in the Cook Islands ) , image_map = Cook Islands on the globe (small islands magnified) (Polynesia centered).svg , capital = Avarua , coordinates = , largest_city = Avarua , official_languages = , lan .... It is on the south-eastern edge of the atoll, between Atutahi and Tepuka. References Penrhyn atoll {{CookIslands-island-stub ...
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Tepuka (Penrhyn)
Tepuka is an islet in Penrhyn Atoll (Tongareva) in the Cook Islands. It is on the south-eastern edge of the atoll, between Ahu a Miria and Patanga. The island was once inhabited, and contains the remains of two ''marae A ' (in New Zealand Māori, Cook Islands Māori, Tahitian), ' (in Tongan), ' (in Marquesan) or ' (in Samoan) is a communal or sacred place that serves religious and social purposes in Polynesian societies. In all these languages, the term a ...'', ''Te Puka-nui'' and ''Punaruku''. The latter was the site of a village and missionary church, abandoned after the island was depopulated by Peruvian slavers. References Penrhyn atoll {{CookIslands-island-stub ...
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