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Peire D'Ussel
Peire d'Ussel or d'Uisel (''Pèire d'Ussèl'' in modern Occitan; fl. c. 1200) was a Limousin troubadour, the middle of three brothers, castellans of the castle of Ussel-sur-Sarzonne, northeast of Ventadorn. His elder brother was Eble and his younger Gui, and he also had a cousin named Elias; all four were troubadours. According to Gui's ''vida'', Peire descanted his relatives’ songs.''The Vidas of the Troubadours'', ed. and trans. Margarita Egan (New York: Garland, 1984), p. 44. . This should not be understood to imply that Peire was only a musician.Perrin, Robert H"Descant and Troubadour Melodies: A Problem in Terms."''Journal of the American Musicological Society'', 16:3, (Autumn, 1963), pp. 313–324. One ''cobla The cobla (, plural ''cobles'') is a traditional music ensemble of Catalonia, and in Northern Catalonia in France. It is generally used to accompany the Sardana, a traditional Catalan folk dance, danced in a circle. Structure The modern Cobla no ...'' addresse ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Occitan Language
Occitan (; oc, occitan, link=no ), also known as ''lenga d'òc'' (; french: langue d'oc) by its native speakers, and sometimes also referred to as ''Provençal'', is a Romance languages, Romance language spoken in Southern France, Monaco, Italy's Occitan Valleys, as well as Spain's Val d'Aran; collectively, these regions are sometimes referred to as Occitania, Occitània. It is also spoken in Calabria (Southern Italy) in a linguistic enclave of Cosenza area (mostly Guardia Piemontese). Some include Catalan language, Catalan in Occitan, as the Linguistic distance, distance between this language and some Occitan dialects (such as the Gascon language) is similar to the distance between different Occitan dialects. Catalan was considered a dialect of Occitan until the end of the 19th century and still today remains its closest relative. Occitan is an official language of Catalonia, where a subdialect of Gascon known as Aranese dialect, Aranese is spoken in the Val d'Aran. Since Sept ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Limousin (province)
Limousin ( oc, Lemosin) is a former province of the Kingdom of France. It existed from 1589 until 1790, when the National Constituent Assembly adopted a more uniform division into departments (''départements'') and districts (''arrondissements''). It is located in the foothills of the western edge of the Massif Central and surrounds the city of Limoges ( oc, Limòtges). The territory of the former province of Limousin corresponds to an area smaller than the administrative region, comprising the current department of Corrèze, the southern half of Haute-Vienne (including Limoges, its historic capital), and a small part of the Dordogne. History The history of Limousin reaches back to Celtic and Roman times (50 BC to 550 AD). Its name is derived from the name of a Gallic tribe, the Lemovices, whose main sanctuary was recently found in Tintignac and became a major research site of the Celtic world. During the 10th century, Limousin was divided into many ''seigneuries''. The mos ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Troubadour
A troubadour (, ; oc, trobador ) was a composer and performer of Old Occitan lyric poetry during the High Middle Ages (1100–1350). Since the word ''troubadour'' is etymologically masculine, a female troubadour is usually called a ''trobairitz''. The troubadour school or tradition began in the late 11th century in Occitania, but it subsequently spread to the Italian and Iberian Peninsulas. Under the influence of the troubadours, related movements sprang up throughout Europe: the Minnesang in Germany, ''trovadorismo'' in Galicia and Portugal, and that of the trouvères in northern France. Dante Alighieri in his ''De vulgari eloquentia'' defined the troubadour lyric as ''fictio rethorica musicaque poita'': rhetorical, musical, and poetical fiction. After the "classical" period around the turn of the 13th century and a mid-century resurgence, the art of the troubadours declined in the 14th century and around the time of the Black Death (1348) it died out. The texts of troubadou ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Castellan
A castellan is the title used in Medieval Europe for an appointed official, a governor of a castle and its surrounding territory referred to as the castellany. The title of ''governor'' is retained in the English prison system, as a remnant of the medieval idea of the castellan as head of the local prison. The word stems from the Latin ''Castellanus'', derived from ''castellum'' "castle". Sometimes also known as a ''constable'' of the castle district, the Constable of the Tower of London is, in fact, a form of castellan, with representative powers in the local or national assembly. A castellan was almost always male, but could occasionally be female, as when, in 1194, Beatrice of Bourbourg inherited her father's castellany of Bourbourg upon the death of her brother, Roger. Similarly, Agnes became the castellan of Harlech Castle upon the death of her husband John de Bonvillars in 1287. Initial functions After the fall of the Western Roman Empire, foreign tribes migrated into ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ventadorn
Moustier-Ventadour (; oc, Mostier de Ventadorn) is a commune in the Corrèze department in central France. Geography The Luzège forms most of the commune's eastern boundary. Population Personalities *Bernart de Ventadorn, medieval troubadour See also * Château de Ventadour *Communes of the Corrèze department The following is a list of the 279 communes of the Corrèze department of France. The communes cooperate in the following intercommunalities (as of 2020):Communes of Corrèze {{Corrèze-geo-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eble D'Ussel
Eble or Ebles d'Ussel (also ''d'Ussèl'' or ''d'Uisel''; fl. c. 1200) was a Limousin troubadour, the eldest of three brothers, castellans of the castle of Ussel-sur-Sarzonne, northeast of Ventadorn. His younger brothers were Peire and Gui and he also had a cousin named Elias, all troubadours. Of his corpus only one ''tenso'', one ''partimen'' (with Guilhem Ademar), and a ''cobla'' survive. The only sources for his life, besides his own songs, are the ''vida Vida means “life” in Spanish and Portuguese. It may refer to: Geography * Vida (Gradačac), village in Bosnia and Herzegovina * Lake Vida, Victoria Valley, Antarctica * U.S. settled places: ** Vida, Montana ** Vida, Oregon ** Vida, Missour ...'' of his brother Gui and a document recording the donation of land to the abbey of Bonaigue by two brothers Guido and Eblo Usseli. According to Gui's ''vida'', Eble composed "bad ''tensos''".''The Vidas of the Troubadours'', ed. and trans. Margarita Egan (New York: Garland, 1984) ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gui D'Ussel
Gui d'Ussel, d'Ussèl, or d'Uisel ( fl. 1195–1209Aubrey, 16.) was a troubadour from the Limousin. Twenty of his poems survive: eight ''cansos'', two ''pastorelas'', two ''coblas'', and eight ''tensos'', several with his relatives and including a ''partimen'' with Maria de Ventadorn. Four of his ''cansos'' melodies remain. According to his '' vida'', Gui was the youngest of three sons of a wealthy noble family of the castle Ussel-sur-Sarzonne, northeast of Ventadorn. He and his brothers Ebles and Peire, as well as his cousin Elias, are all reputed troubadours and castellans of Ussel according to the author of the ''vida'', who makes Gui himself a canon of Montferrand and Brioude in the diocese of Clermont.Egan, 44. Among his relatives Gui was known for his ''cansos''. The only confirmation of Gui's family from outside his ''vida'' is a reference to the brothers Guido and Eblo Usseli donating land to the abbey of Bonaigue. Gui's biographer believed him to have been in love ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Elias D'Ussel
Elias or Elyas d'Ussel or d'Uisel (fl. c. 1200) was a Limousin troubadour, the cousin of the three brothers Eble, Peire, and Gui, and co-castellan with them of the castle of Ussel-sur-Sarzonne, northeast of Ventadorn. According to Gui's ''vida'', Elias composed "good ''tensos''.''The Vidas of the Troubadours'', ed. and trans. Margarita Egan (New York: Garland, 1984), p. 44. . He has left behind four ''tensos'', one ''partimen'', and two ''coblas''. He composed one series of verses with Gaucelm Faidit Gaucelm Faidit ( literally "Gaucelm the Dispossessed" c. 1156 – c. 1209) was a troubadour, born in Uzerche, in the Limousin, from a family of knights in service of the count of Turenne. He travelled widely in France, Spain, and Hungary. His .... The complete works of the four relations of Ussel, including Eble, were first compiled in one volume by J. Audiau as ''Les poésies des quatre troubadours d'Ussel'' (Paris, Delagrave, 1922). They are all available online atrobar.org ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vida (Occitan Literary Form)
''Vida'' () is the usual term for a brief prose biography, written in Old Occitan, of a troubadour or trobairitz. The word ''vida'' means "life" in Occitan languages; they are short prose biographies of the troubadours, and they are found in some chansonniers, along with the works of the author they describe. Vidas are notoriously unreliable: Mouzat, while complaining that some scholars still believe them, says they represent the authors as "ridiculous bohemians, and picaresque heroes"; Alfred Jeanroy calls them "the ancestors of modern novels". Most often, they are not based on independent sources, and their information is deduced from literal readings of details of the poems. Most of the ''vidas'' were composed in Italy, many by Uc de Saint Circ. Additionally, some individual poems are accompanied by ''razo A ''razo'' (, literally "cause", "reason") was a short piece of Occitan prose detailing the circumstances of a troubadour composition. A ''razo'' normally introduced an in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Descant
A descant, discant, or is any of several different things in music, depending on the period in question; etymologically, the word means a voice (''cantus'') above or removed from others. The Harvard Dictionary of Music states: A descant is a form of medieval music in which one singer sang a fixed melody, and others accompanied with improvisations. The word in this sense comes from the term ' (descant "above the book"), and is a form of Gregorian chant in which only the melody is notated but an improvised polyphony is understood. The ' had specific rules governing the improvisation of the additional voices. Later on, the term came to mean the treble or soprano singer in any group of voices, or the higher pitched line in a song. Eventually, by the Renaissance, descant referred generally to counterpoint. Nowadays the counterpoint meaning is the most common. Descant can also refer to the highest pitched of a group of instruments, particularly the descant viol or recorder. Si ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cobla (Occitan Literary Term)
A ''cobla esparsa'' ( literally meaning "scattered stanza") in Old Occitan is the name used for a single-stanza poem in troubadour poetry. They constitute about 15% of the troubadour output, and they are the dominant form among late (after 1220) authors like Bertran Carbonel and Guillem de l'Olivier.Simon Gaunt and Sarah Kay, edd. (1999), ''The Troubadours: An Introduction'' (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, ). The term ''cobla triada'' is used by modern scholars to indicate a ''cobla'' taken from a longer poem and let stand on its own, but its original medieval meaning was a ''cobla esparsa'' taken from a larger collection of such poems, since ''coblas esparsas'' were usually presented in large groupings. Sometimes, two authors would write a cobla esparsa each, in a ''cobla'' exchange; this corresponds, in a shorter form, to the earlier ''tenso'' or ''partimen''.Martín de Riquer (1964), Història de la Literatura Catalana, vol. 1 (Barcelona: Ariel), 509ff. Whether such excha ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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