Pedro Carreño
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Pedro Carreño
Pedro Miguel Carreño Escobar is a Venezuelan politician and lawyer. Carreño has served multiple roles within the Bolivarian Government of Venezuela during the presidencies of Hugo Chávez and Nicolás Maduro. Career Military career Carreño began his military career in 1981 when he began his studies at the Venezuelan Academy of Military Sciences, where he graduated in 1985. In 1993, he was discharged from the Venezuelan Army by Lieutenant Colonel Enrique Medina Gómez following allegations of "aggravated fraud" in regards to his duties managing the funds of his military unit, preventing Carreño from legally being involved in public office in Venezuela in the future. The Bolivarian government maintains that Carreño was discharged from the army in February 1994 for "military rebellion". Political career Following his disciplinary discharge from the army, Carreño began studies in the advertising industry through the Central University of Venezuela. He later received a master's ...
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2017 Constituent National Assembly
The Constituent National Assembly ( es, Asamblea Nacional Constituyente; ANC) was a constituent assembly elected in 2017 to draft a new Constitution of Venezuela, constitution for Venezuela. Its members were elected 2017 Venezuelan Constituent Assembly election, in a special 2017 election that was condemned by over forty mostly Latin American and Western world, Western states. The Democratic Unity Roundtable—the opposition to the incumbent ruling party—also boycotted the election claiming that the Constituent Assembly was "a trick to keep [the incumbent ruling party] in power." Since the opposition did not participate in the election, the incumbent Great Patriotic Pole, dominated by the United Socialist Party of Venezuela, won almost all seats in the assembly by default. After the assembly was elected, the body convened for the first time on 4 August 2017, despite criticism from the aforementioned parties and from the regional trade bloc Mercosur. As part of it first a ...
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Venezuelan Academy Of Military Sciences
The Bolivarian Military University of Venezuela (in Spanish ''Universidad Militar Bolivariana de Venezuela''. The Military Bolivarian University of Venezuela (UMBV), is a National Experimental University of Venezuela, which operates under the military education of the nation, is under the Ministry of the People's Power for Defense. It was founded by Decree of the president Hugo Chávez. It is located in Caracas, Venezuela and it provides a four-year program of training for officer cadets. Organization Unlike other military academies, it is a system of Military academies, which offers studies in the different components that make up the armed forces of Venezuela. It is similar to several military academies in the world. It is a system of 5 military schools united in one single unit, also integrated by other schools and institutes recently opened. The university system is composed of the following academies: Military Academies *Military Academy of the Bolivarian Army, Caracas * ...
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La Patilla
''La Patilla'' (English: ''The Watermelon'') is a Venezuelan news website that was founded by Alberto Federico Ravell, co-founder and former CEO of Globovisión, in 2010. The website is based in Venezuela and is one of the most visited websites in Venezuela. In 2014, ''El Nuevo Herald'' stated ''La Patilla'' had hundreds of thousands of visitors per daily. Beginning in early 2018, the website has been censored in Venezuela by the Nicolás Maduro government. History ''La Patilla'' was created by co-founder and former CEO of Globovisión, Alberto Federico Ravell. In 2010, the majority shareholders of the television station asked for the resignation of Ravell and the other directors of Globovision. On 11 June 2010, Ravell created ''La Patilla''. Growth By 2017, ''La Patilla'' had grown to be among the top 5 most visited websites in Venezuela, with only Google, YouTube and Facebook being more popular in the country. The ''Wall Street Journal'' wrote that Venezuelans "have been forced ...
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Lima Group
The Lima Group (GL; Spanish and pt, links=yes, Grupo de Lima, French: Groupe de Lima) is a multilateral body that was established following the Lima Declaration on 8 August 2017 in the Peruvian capital of Lima, where representatives of 12 countries met in order to establish a peaceful exit to the ongoing crisis in Venezuela. Among other issues, the group demands the release of political prisoners, the end of human rights violations, calls for free elections, offers humanitarian aid and criticizes the breakdown of democratic order in Venezuela under Nicolás Maduro. Background Following the death of President Hugo Chávez, Venezuela faced a severe socioeconomic crisis during the Presidency of his successor Nicolás Maduro, as a result of their policies and US economic sanctions. Due to the state's high levels of urban violence, inflation, and chronic shortages of basic goods attributed to economic policies such as strict price controls, civil insurrection in Venezuela culmi ...
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Roy Chaderton
Roy Chaderton Matos (born August 17, 1942) is a Venezuelan politician, lawyer, and diplomat. A graduate of the Universidad Central de Venezuela, Chaderton is one of the most experienced members of the Venezuelan diplomatic corps. He was foreign minister from May 2002 to July 2004 in the government of Hugo Chávez. Early life and family Chaderton is the son of Roy Chaderton Farrier, who worked in an oil company, and Elena Matos Arreaza. Diplomatic career Chaderton is a senior member of the Venezuelan Diplomatic Service. He served in Poland, Germany, Belgium and the Permanent Mission of Venezuela to the United Nations. He was Ambassador to Gabon from 1985 to 1987; Ambassador to Norway from 1987 to 1990; director general of international policy from 1990 to 1993; Ambassador to Canada from 1993 to 1994; Vice Minister of Foreign Relations from 1994 to 1995; Ambassador to the United Kingdom from 1996 to 2000; Ambassador to Colombia from 2001 to 2002; Minister of Foreign Relations ...
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Colombia Reports
Colombia Reports is a Colombian online newspaper in English, founded in 2008 by Dutch journalist Adriaan Alsema and headquartered in Medellín Medellín ( or ), officially the Municipality of Medellín ( es, Municipio de Medellín), is the second-largest city in Colombia, after Bogotá, and the capital of the department of Antioquia. It is located in the Aburrá Valley, a central re .... The organization claims to be independent and not affiliated with any political or social organization. History The site started "as a weblog just to bring Colombian news in English in a way it wasn’t being brought." Alsema claimed in a 2009 interview that "even though Colombia is one of the most important countries for U.S. foreign policy in Latin America, the information available to those that don’t speak Spanish was very limited." On February 26, 2014, Colombia Reports received angel funding from GITP Ventures in order to more aggressively expand the company's offerings in the ma ...
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2017 Venezuelan Constituent Assembly Election
Constituent Assembly elections were held in Venezuela on 30 July 2017 to elect the members of the 2017 Constituent National Assembly ( es, Asamblea Nacional Constituyente; ANC). Unlike the 1999 Constituent National Assembly, which was assembled following a referendum, the 2017 election was convened by the presidential decree of President Nicolás Maduro. Approximately two-thirds (364) of Assembly members were elected by municipal citizens while members of seven social sectors including trade unions, communal councils, indigenous groups, farmers, students, and pensioners elected the remaining one-third (181) of members. The new constitution proposed by the Constituent Assembly will be subject to approval by referendum. The opposition's refusal to contest the election meant that most candidates of the Constituent Assembly were likely to be supporters of the government. The upcoming regional and presidential elections may also be delayed from their planned dates under a new const ...
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Constituent National Assembly (Venezuela)
The Constituent National Assembly ( es, Asamblea Nacional Constituyente) or ANC was a constitutional convention held in Venezuela in 1999 to draft a new Constitution of Venezuela, but the assembly also gave itself the role of a supreme power above all the existing institutions in the republic. The Assembly was endorsed by a referendum in April 1999 which enabled Constituent Assembly elections in July 1999. Three seats were reserved for indigenous delegates in the 131-member constitutional assembly, and two additional indigenous delegates won unreserved seats in the assembly elections. The constitution was later endorsed by the referendum in December 1999, and new general elections were held under the new constitution in July 2000. This ended the bipartisanship and ushered in the present-day Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela. Precedents President Chávez called for a public referendum - something virtually unknown in Venezuela at the time - which he hoped would support his p ...
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Bolivarian Propaganda
Bolivarian propaganda (also known as ''Chavista'' propaganda) is a form of nationalist propaganda, especially in Venezuela, that utilizes the ideals espoused by Simón Bolívar, who helped lead Venezuela and other Latin American countries to independence from Spain, to exploit populist sentiments in support of local leaders. This type of propaganda has been particularly associated with Hugo Chávez's Bolivarian Revolution,Manwaring (2005), pp. 8–13. which used emotional arguments to gain attention, exploit the fears (either real or imagined) of the population, create external enemies for scapegoat purposes, and produce nationalism within the population, causing feelings of betrayal for support of the opposition.Manwaring (2005), p. 11. The World Politics Review stated that, as Chávez began "transforming Venezuela into a socialist state", propaganda was "an important role in maintaining and mobilizing government supporters". The image of Chávez is seen on sides of buildings, ...
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Human Rights Watch
Human Rights Watch (HRW) is an international non-governmental organization, headquartered in New York City, that conducts research and advocacy on human rights. The group pressures governments, policy makers, companies, and individual human rights abusers to denounce abuse and respect human rights, and the group often works on behalf of refugees, children, migrants, and political prisoners. Human Rights Watch, in 1997, shared the Nobel Peace Prize as a founding member of the International Campaign to Ban Landmines, and it played a leading role in the 2008 treaty banning cluster munitions. The organization's annual expenses totaled $50.6 million in 2011, $69.2 million in 2014, and $75.5 million in 2017. History Human Rights Watch was co-founded by Robert L. Bernstein Jeri Laber and Aryeh Neier as a private American NGO in 1978, under the name Helsinki Watch, to monitor the then-Soviet Union's compliance with the Helsinki Accords. Helsinki Watch adopted a practice of public ...
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Supreme Tribunal Of Justice Of Venezuela
The Supreme Justice Tribunal ( es, Tribunal Supremo de Justicia or TSJ) is the highest court of law in the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela and is the head of the judicial branch. As the independence of the Venezuelan judiciary under the regime of Nicolas Maduro is questioned, there have recently been many disputes as to whether this court is legitimate. The Supreme Tribunal may meet either in specialized chambers (of which there are six: constitutional, political/administrative, electoral, civil, criminal, and social) or in plenary session. Each chamber has five judges, except the constitutional, which has seven. Its main function is to control, according to the constitution and related laws, the constitutionality and legality of public acts. The Supreme Tribunal's 32 magistrates ''(magistrados)'' are appointed by the National Assembly and serve non-renewable 12-year terms. Appointments are made by a two-thirds majority, or a simple majority if efforts to appoint a judge fail ...
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Barinas (state)
) , anthem = '' Himno del Estado Barinas'' , image_map = Barinas in Venezuela.svg , map_alt = , map_caption = Location within Venezuela , pushpin_map = , pushpin_map_alt = , pushpin_mapsize = , pushpin_map_caption = , coordinates = , coordinates_footnotes = , subdivision_type = Country , subdivision_name = Venezuela , subdivision_type1 = , subdivision_name1 = , subdivision_type2 = , subdivision_name2 = , established_title = Created , established_date = 1937 , founder = , named_for = , seat_type = Capital , seat = Barinas , government_footnotes = , government_type = , leader_party = , governing_body = Legislative Council , leader_title = Governor , leader_name = Sergio Garrido (2022–present ...
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