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Pareidae
Pareidae is a small family of snakes found largely in southeast Asia, with an isolated subfamily endemic to southwestern India. It encompasses 42 species in four genera divided into two subfamilies: Pareinae and Xylophiinae. Both families are thought to have diverged from one another during the early-mid Eocene, about 40-50 million years ago. Pareidae was once considered a subfamily of Colubridae (called "Pareatinae"), but it is now known that pareids are not closely related to colubrids. The correct spelling is Pareidae, not Pareatidae. Members of the subfamily Pareinae are active, predatory snakes. Many are snail-eating snakes that have asymmetrical lower jaws, allowing them to pry the soft bodies of snails from their spiral shells. One species, ''Pareas iwasakii'', has an average of 17.5 teeth in its left mandible and 25 teeth in its right mandible. Predation by pareids on dextral (clockwise-coiled or "right handed") snails is thought to favor the evolution of sinistral (coun ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pareidae
Pareidae is a small family of snakes found largely in southeast Asia, with an isolated subfamily endemic to southwestern India. It encompasses 42 species in four genera divided into two subfamilies: Pareinae and Xylophiinae. Both families are thought to have diverged from one another during the early-mid Eocene, about 40-50 million years ago. Pareidae was once considered a subfamily of Colubridae (called "Pareatinae"), but it is now known that pareids are not closely related to colubrids. The correct spelling is Pareidae, not Pareatidae. Members of the subfamily Pareinae are active, predatory snakes. Many are snail-eating snakes that have asymmetrical lower jaws, allowing them to pry the soft bodies of snails from their spiral shells. One species, ''Pareas iwasakii'', has an average of 17.5 teeth in its left mandible and 25 teeth in its right mandible. Predation by pareids on dextral (clockwise-coiled or "right handed") snails is thought to favor the evolution of sinistral (coun ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Xylophis
''Xylophis'' is a small genus of snakes in the family Pareidae. The genus contains five species, all of which are endemic to the Western Ghats in southern India. They constitute the monotypic subfamily Xylophiinae. They are the only pareid snakes found in India and the only snakes in the family found outside Southeast Asia. Species The following 5 species are recognized as being valid *'' Xylophis captaini'' — Captain's wood snake, Captain's xylophis *'' Xylophis deepaki'' Narayanan, Mohapatra, Balan, Das, & Gower, 2021 — Deepak's wood snake *'' Xylophis mosaicus'' — Anamalai wood snake *''Xylophis perroteti ''Xylophis perroteti'', commonly known as Perrotet's mountain snake and the striped narrow-headed snake, is a species of snake in the family Pareidae. The species is endemic to the Western Ghats of India. Etymology Both the specific name, ...'' — Perrotet's mountain snake, striped narrow-headed snake *'' Xylophis stenorhynchus'' — Günther's mou ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pareas
''Pareas'' is a genus of Asian snakes in the family Pareidae. All species in the genus ''Pareas'' are harmless to humans. Species ''Pareas'' contains the following species: (''Pareas menglaensis'', new species). (''Pareas kaduri'', new species). *''Pareas abros'' *''Pareas andersoniil'' – Anderson's slug snake *''Pareas atayal'' – Atayal slug-eating snake *''Pareas berdmorei'' – Mengla snail-eating snake *''Pareas boulengeri'' – Boulenger's slug snake *''Pareas carinatus'' – keeled slug snake *''Pareas chinensis'' – Chinese slug snake *''Pareas formosensis'' – Formosa slug snake, Taiwan slug snake *''Pareas geminatus'' – twin slug snake *''Pareas hamptoni'' – Hampton's slug snake *''Pareas iwasakii'' *'' Pareas kaduri'' *''Pareas komaii'' – Formosa slug snake *'' Pareas kuznetsovorum'' *'' Pareas macularius'' – mountain slug snake *'' Pareas margaritophorus'' – mountain slug snake *'' Pareas menglaensis'' – Mengla snail-eating snake *'' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Snakes Of Asia
Snakes are elongated, limbless, carnivorous reptiles of the suborder Serpentes . Like all other squamates, snakes are ectothermic, amniote vertebrates covered in overlapping scales. Many species of snakes have skulls with several more joints than their lizard ancestors, enabling them to swallow prey much larger than their heads (cranial kinesis). To accommodate their narrow bodies, snakes' paired organs (such as kidneys) appear one in front of the other instead of side by side, and most have only one functional lung. Some species retain a pelvic girdle with a pair of vestigial claws on either side of the cloaca. Lizards have evolved elongate bodies without limbs or with greatly reduced limbs about twenty-five times independently via convergent evolution, leading to many lineages of legless lizards. These resemble snakes, but several common groups of legless lizards have eyelids and external ears, which snakes lack, although this rule is not universal (see Amphisbaenia, Dibamid ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Asthenodipsas
''Asthenodipsas'' is a genus of snakes of the family Pareidae Pareidae is a small family of snakes found largely in southeast Asia, with an isolated subfamily endemic to southwestern India. It encompasses 42 species in four genera divided into two subfamilies: Pareinae and Xylophiinae. Both families are tho .... Species * '' Asthenodipsas borneensis'' Quah, Grismer, Lim, Anuar, & Chan, 2020 – Bornean dark-necked slug snake *'' Asthenodipsas ingeri'' * '' Asthenodipsas jamilinaisi'' Quah, Grismer, Lim, Anuar, & Imbun, 2019 * '' Asthenodipsas laevis'' (Boie, 1827) * '' Asthenodipsas lasgalenensis'' Loredo, Wood, Quah, Anuar, Greer, Ahmad & Grismer, 2013 * '' Asthenodipsas malaccanus'' Peters, 1864 * '' Asthenodipsas stuebingi'' Quah, Grismer, Lim, Anuar, & Imbun, 2019 * '' Asthenodipsas tropidonotus'' (Lidth De Jeude, 1923) * '' Asthenodipsas vertebralis'' (Boulenger, 1900) References Pareidae Snake genera Taxa named by Wilhelm Peters {{colubrid-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Snake
Snakes are elongated, Limbless vertebrate, limbless, carnivore, carnivorous reptiles of the suborder Serpentes . Like all other Squamata, squamates, snakes are ectothermic, amniote vertebrates covered in overlapping Scale (zoology), scales. Many species of snakes have skulls with several more joints than their lizard ancestors, enabling them to swallow prey much larger than their heads (cranial kinesis). To accommodate their narrow bodies, snakes' paired organs (such as kidneys) appear one in front of the other instead of side by side, and most have only one functional lung. Some species retain a pelvic girdle with a pair of vestigial claws on either side of the cloaca. Lizards have evolved elongate bodies without limbs or with greatly reduced limbs about twenty-five times independently via convergent evolution, leading to many lineages of legless lizards. These resemble snakes, but several common groups of legless lizards have eyelids and external ears, which snakes lack, altho ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aplopeltura
''Aplopeltura'' is a genus of snakes of the family Pareidae. It contains a single species, ''Aplopeltura boa'', the blunthead slug snake or blunt-headed slug-eating snake. It is a small, non-venomous snake. The species can be found in southern Thailand, Malaysia, Indonesia, Brunei and the Philippines. ''A. boa'' eats mainly snails, especially operculate species. Their jaws are more mobile than those of most other vertebrates. With their mandibles, they cut the operculum off from their prey with a unique "sawing" motion. ''A. boa'' has been observed performing simple death feigning behavior. The snake rolls itself into a spiral with its belly up, staying still until the threat leaves. Unlike other death feigning snakes, ''A. boa'' does not emit a foul odor or open its mouth. Image:Aplopeltura boa, Blunt-headed tree snake.jpg, ''Aplopeltura boa'', Khao Sok National Park Khao Sok National Park ( th, เขาสก, ) is in Surat Thani Province, Thailand. Its area is 461,7 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Colubridae
Colubridae (, commonly known as colubrids , from la, coluber, 'snake') is a family of snakes. With 249 genera, it is the largest snake family. The earliest species of the family date back to the Oligocene epoch. Colubrid snakes are found on every continent except Antarctica. Description While most colubrids are not venomous (or have venom that is not known to be harmful to humans) and are mostly harmless, a few groups, such as genus ''Boiga'', can produce medically significant injuries. In addition, the boomslang, the twig snakes, and the Asian genus ''Rhabdophis'' have caused human fatalities. Some colubrids are described as opisthoglyphous (often called "rear-fanged"), meaning they have elongated, grooved teeth located in the back of their upper jaws. It is likely that opisthoglyphous dentition evolved many times in the history of snakes and is an evolutionary precursor to the fangs of vipers and elapids, which are located in the front of the mouth. Classification In the pas ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Iwasaki's Snail-eater
Iwasaki's snail-eater (''Pareas iwasakii'') is a species of snake in the family Pareidae. The species is endemic to the Yaeyama Islands in the southern Ryukyu Islands, Japan. Etymology The specific name, ''iwasakii'', is in honor of Japanese meteorologist Takuji Iwasaki. Ecology ''Pareas iwasakii'' is a snail-eating specialist; even newly hatched individuals feed on snails. It has asymmetric jaws, with more teeth on the right (about 25 teeth compared to 15 teeth on the left) which facilitates feeding on snails with dextral (clockwise coiled) shells. A consequence of this asymmetry is that ''Pareas iwasakii'' is much less adept at preying on sinistral (counterclockwise coiled) snails. It systematically directs its attack on snails from the right in order to insert its lower jaw into the shell opening. The selection pressure of this predator on snails of the genus Satsuma (en) has led to a significant increase in the proportion of snails with left-facing shells, known as le ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alfred Romer
Alfred Sherwood Romer (December 28, 1894 – November 5, 1973) was an American paleontologist and biologist and a specialist in vertebrate evolution. Biography Alfred Romer was born in White Plains, New York, the son of Harry Houston Romer and his wife, Evalyn Sherwood. He was educated at White Plains High School. He studied at Amherst College for his Bachelor of Science Honours degree in biology, then at Columbia University for an M.Sc in Biology and a doctorate in zoology in 1921. Romer joined the department of geology and paleontology at the University of Chicago as an associate professor in 1923. He was an active researcher and teacher. His collecting program added important Paleozoic specimens to Chicago's Walker Museum of Paleontology. In 1934 he was appointed professor of biology at Harvard University. In 1946, he became director of the Harvard Museum of Comparative Zoology (MCZ). In 1954 Romer was awarded the Mary Clark Thompson Medal from the National Academy of Sc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
India
India, officially the Republic of India (Hindi: ), is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by area, the second-most populous country, and the most populous democracy in the world. Bounded by the Indian Ocean on the south, the Arabian Sea on the southwest, and the Bay of Bengal on the southeast, it shares land borders with Pakistan to the west; China, Nepal, and Bhutan to the north; and Bangladesh and Myanmar to the east. In the Indian Ocean, India is in the vicinity of Sri Lanka and the Maldives; its Andaman and Nicobar Islands share a maritime border with Thailand, Myanmar, and Indonesia. Modern humans arrived on the Indian subcontinent from Africa no later than 55,000 years ago., "Y-Chromosome and Mt-DNA data support the colonization of South Asia by modern humans originating in Africa. ... Coalescence dates for most non-European populations average to between 73–55 ka.", "Modern human beings—''Homo sapiens''—originated in Africa. Then, int ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Genus
Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus comes above species and below family (taxonomy), family. In binomial nomenclature, the genus name forms the first part of the binomial species name for each species within the genus. :E.g. ''Panthera leo'' (lion) and ''Panthera onca'' (jaguar) are two species within the genus ''Panthera''. ''Panthera'' is a genus within the family Felidae. The composition of a genus is determined by taxonomy (biology), taxonomists. The standards for genus classification are not strictly codified, so different authorities often produce different classifications for genera. There are some general practices used, however, including the idea that a newly defined genus should fulfill these three criteria to be descriptively useful: # monophyly – all descendants ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
