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Paralaoma Turbotti
''Paralaoma turbotti'' is a species of land snail in the family Punctidae. The species was first described by Baden Powell in 1948, and is endemic to Manawatāwhi / Three Kings Islands in New Zealand. Taxonomy The species was identified by Powell in 1948, based on a shell collected from Manawatāwhi / Great Island in 1945 by Graham Turbott, who discovered the shell on the underside of decaying wood in leaf mold, in an area of kanuka scrub. Powell named the species after Turbott. In 1999, specimens that had previously been identified as ''P. turbotti'' by Frank Climo in 1973 were described two new species, ''Paralaoma manawatawhia'' and ''Paralaoma raki''. These species share a habitat and have overlapping distributions, suggesting that Quaternary sea level changes may have fragmented populations of ''Paralaoma'', leading to speciation. Description Powell's original text (the type description) reads as follows: The shell of the species is morphologically very similar to '' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Baden Powell (malacologist)
Arthur William Baden Powell (4 April 1901 – 1 July 1987) was a New Zealand malacologist, naturalist and palaeontologist, a major influence in the study and classification of New Zealand molluscs through much of the 20th century. He was known to his friends and family by his third name, "Baden". Biography Early life The name Baden had been a given name in a Powell family since 1731, when Susannah Powell née Thistlethwayte (1696–1762) gave to her child (1731–1792) the maiden name of her mother, Susannah Baden (1663–1692). The name Baden, particularly when associated with the surname Powell, became famous in 1900–1901, the year Arthur William Baden Powell was born, because of the siege of Mafeking, the most famous British action in the Second Boer War, which turned the British commander of the besieged, Robert Baden-Powell, into a national hero. Throughout the British Empire, babies were named after him. No family connection has yet been established between Arthur ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Paralaoma Manawatawhia
''Paralaoma'' is a genus of very small air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks or micromollusks in the subfamily Laominae of the family Punctidae, the dot snails. Species The genus ''Paralaoma'' includes the following species: * ''Paralaoma ahena'' Iredale, 1945 * ''Paralaoma allochroida'' (Suter, 1890) * ''Paralaoma ambigua'' Iredale, 1913 * ''Paralaoma angusta'' Vermeulen, Liew & Schilthuizen, 2015 * ''Paralaoma annabelli'' Shea & Griffiths, 2010 * ''Paralaoma buddlei'' Powell, 1951 * ''Paralaoma burringtoni'' (Pilsbry, 1930) * '' Paralaoma coloba'' (Pilsbry, 1894) * '' Paralaoma compar'' Iredale, 1944 * ''Paralaoma depressior'' Preston, 1913 * ''Paralaoma gelida'' Iredale, 1941 * '' Paralaoma goweri'' Iredale, 1944 * ''Paralaoma hottentota'' (Melvill & Ponsonby, 1891) * '' Paralaoma innesi'' Iredale, 1944 * ''Paralaoma insularis'' (Cotton, 1939) * ''Paralaoma lateumbilicata'' (Suter, 1890) * '' Paralaoma manawatawhia'' Goulstone & Brook, 1999 * ' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Endemic Molluscs Of New Zealand
Endemism is the state of a species being found in a single defined geographic location, such as an island, state, nation, country or other defined zone; organisms that are indigenous to a place are not endemic to it if they are also found elsewhere. For example, the Cape sugarbird is found exclusively in southwestern South Africa and is therefore said to be ''endemic'' to that particular part of the world. An endemic species can be also be referred to as an ''endemism'' or in scientific literature as an ''endemite''. For example '' Cytisus aeolicus'' is an endemite of the Italian flora. '' Adzharia renschi'' was once believed to be an endemite of the Caucasus, but it was later discovered to be a non-indigenous species from South America belonging to a different genus. The extreme opposite of an endemic species is one with a cosmopolitan distribution, having a global or widespread range. A rare alternative term for a species that is endemic is "precinctive", which applies to s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Endemic Fauna Of New Zealand
Endemism is the state of a species being found in a single defined geographic location, such as an island, state, nation, country or other defined zone; organisms that are indigenous to a place are not endemic to it if they are also found elsewhere. For example, the Cape sugarbird is found exclusively in southwestern South Africa and is therefore said to be ''endemic'' to that particular part of the world. An endemic species can be also be referred to as an ''endemism'' or in scientific literature as an ''endemite''. For example '' Cytisus aeolicus'' is an endemite of the Italian flora. '' Adzharia renschi'' was once believed to be an endemite of the Caucasus, but it was later discovered to be a non-indigenous species from South America belonging to a different genus. The extreme opposite of an endemic species is one with a cosmopolitan distribution, having a global or widespread range. A rare alternative term for a species that is endemic is "precinctive", which applies to s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gastropods Of New Zealand
The gastropods (), commonly known as snails and slugs, belong to a large taxonomic class of invertebrates within the phylum Mollusca called Gastropoda (). This class comprises snails and slugs from saltwater, from freshwater, and from land. There are many thousands of species of sea snails and slugs, as well as freshwater snails, freshwater limpets, and land snails and slugs. The class Gastropoda contains a vast total of named species, second only to the insects in overall number. The fossil history of this class goes back to the Late Cambrian. , 721 families of gastropods are known, of which 245 are extinct and appear only in the fossil record, while 476 are currently extant with or without a fossil record. Gastropoda (previously known as univalves and sometimes spelled "Gasteropoda") are a major part of the phylum Mollusca, and are the most highly diversified class in the phylum, with 65,000 to 80,000 living snail and slug species. The anatomy, behavior, feeding, and reproduct ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gastropods Described In 1948
The gastropods (), commonly known as snails and slugs, belong to a large taxonomic class of invertebrates within the phylum Mollusca called Gastropoda (). This class comprises snails and slugs from saltwater, from freshwater, and from land. There are many thousands of species of sea snails and slugs, as well as freshwater snails, freshwater limpets, and land snails and slugs. The class Gastropoda contains a vast total of named species, second only to the insects in overall number. The fossil history of this class goes back to the Late Cambrian. , 721 families of gastropods are known, of which 245 are extinct and appear only in the fossil record, while 476 are currently extant with or without a fossil record. Gastropoda (previously known as univalves and sometimes spelled "Gasteropoda") are a major part of the phylum Mollusca, and are the most highly diversified class in the phylum, with 65,000 to 80,000 living snail and slug species. The anatomy, behavior, feeding ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Paralaoma Buddlei
''Paralaoma'' is a genus of very small air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks or micromollusks in the subfamily Laominae of the family Punctidae, the dot snails. Species The genus ''Paralaoma'' includes the following species: * '' Paralaoma ahena'' Iredale, 1945 * '' Paralaoma allochroida'' (Suter, 1890) * '' Paralaoma ambigua'' Iredale, 1913 * '' Paralaoma angusta'' Vermeulen, Liew & Schilthuizen, 2015 * ''Paralaoma annabelli'' Shea & Griffiths, 2010 * '' Paralaoma buddlei'' Powell, 1951 * ''Paralaoma burringtoni'' (Pilsbry, 1930) * '' Paralaoma coloba'' (Pilsbry, 1894) * '' Paralaoma compar'' Iredale, 1944 * ''Paralaoma depressior'' Preston, 1913 * '' Paralaoma gelida'' Iredale, 1941 * '' Paralaoma goweri'' Iredale, 1944 * '' Paralaoma hottentota'' (Melvill & Ponsonby, 1891) * '' Paralaoma innesi'' Iredale, 1944 * '' Paralaoma insularis'' (Cotton, 1939) * '' Paralaoma lateumbilicata'' (Suter, 1890) * '' Paralaoma manawatawhia'' Goulstone & Bro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Type Description
A species description is a formal description of a newly discovered species, usually in the form of a scientific paper. Its purpose is to give a clear description of a new species of organism and explain how it differs from species that have been described previously or are related. In order for species to be validly described, they need to follow guidelines established over time. Zoological naming requires adherence to the ICZN code, plants, the ICN, viruses ICTV, and so on. The species description often contains photographs or other illustrations of type material along with a note on where they are deposited. The publication in which the species is described gives the new species a formal scientific name. Some 1.9 million species have been identified and described, out of some 8.7 million that may actually exist. Millions more have become extinct throughout the existence of life on Earth. Naming process A name of a new species becomes valid (available in zo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Quaternary
The Quaternary ( ) is the current and most recent of the three periods of the Cenozoic Era in the geologic time scale of the International Commission on Stratigraphy (ICS). It follows the Neogene Period and spans from 2.58 million years ago to the present. The Quaternary Period is divided into two epochs: the Pleistocene (2.58 million years ago to 11.7 thousand years ago) and the Holocene (11.7 thousand years ago to today, although a third epoch, the Anthropocene, has been proposed but is not yet officially recognised by the ICS). The Quaternary Period is typically defined by the cyclic growth and decay of continental ice sheets related to the Milankovitch cycles and the associated climate and environmental changes that they caused. Research history In 1759 Giovanni Arduino proposed that the geological strata of northern Italy could be divided into four successive formations or "orders" ( it, quattro ordini). The term "quaternary" was introduced by Jules Desnoye ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Paralaoma Raki
''Paralaoma'' is a genus of very small air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks or micromollusks in the subfamily Laominae of the family Punctidae, the dot snails. Species The genus ''Paralaoma'' includes the following species: * ''Paralaoma ahena'' Iredale, 1945 * ''Paralaoma allochroida'' (Suter, 1890) * ''Paralaoma ambigua'' Iredale, 1913 * ''Paralaoma angusta'' Vermeulen, Liew & Schilthuizen, 2015 * ''Paralaoma annabelli'' Shea & Griffiths, 2010 * ''Paralaoma buddlei'' Powell, 1951 * ''Paralaoma burringtoni'' (Pilsbry, 1930) * '' Paralaoma coloba'' (Pilsbry, 1894) * ''Paralaoma compar'' Iredale, 1944 * ''Paralaoma depressior'' Preston, 1913 * ''Paralaoma gelida'' Iredale, 1941 * ''Paralaoma goweri'' Iredale, 1944 * ''Paralaoma hottentota'' (Melvill & Ponsonby, 1891) * ''Paralaoma innesi'' Iredale, 1944 * ''Paralaoma insularis'' (Cotton, 1939) * ''Paralaoma lateumbilicata'' (Suter, 1890) * ''Paralaoma manawatawhia'' Goulstone & Brook, 1999 * ''Par ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Frank Climo
Frank or Franks may refer to: People * Frank (given name) * Frank (surname) * Franks (surname) * Franks, a medieval Germanic people * Frank, a term in the Muslim world for all western Europeans, particularly during the Crusades - see Farang Currency * Liechtenstein franc or frank, the currency of Liechtenstein since 1920 * Swiss franc or frank, the currency of Switzerland since 1850 * Westphalian frank, currency of the Kingdom of Westphalia between 1808 and 1813 * The currencies of the German-speaking cantons of Switzerland (1803–1814): ** Appenzell frank ** Argovia frank ** Basel frank ** Berne frank ** Fribourg frank ** Glarus frank ** Graubünden frank ** Luzern frank ** Schaffhausen frank ** Schwyz frank ** Solothurn frank ** St. Gallen frank ** Thurgau frank ** Unterwalden frank ** Uri frank ** Zürich frank Places * Frank, Alberta, Canada, an urban community, formerly a village * Franks, Illinois, United States, an unincorporated community * Franks, Missouri, United Stat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
New Zealand Threat Classification System
The New Zealand Threat Classification System is used by the Department of Conservation to assess conservation priorities of species in New Zealand. The system was developed because the IUCN Red List, a similar conservation status system, had some shortcomings for the unique requirements of conservation ranking in New Zealand. plants, animals, and fungi are evaluated, though the lattermost has yet to be published. Algae were assessed in 2005 but not reassessed since. Other protists have not been evaluated. Categories Species that are ranked are assigned categories: ;Threatened This category has three major divisions: ::*Nationally Critical - equivalent to the IUCN category of Critically endangered ::*Nationally Endangered - equivalent to the IUCN category of Endangered ::*Nationally Vulnerable - equivalent to the IUCN category of Vulnerable ;At Risk This has four categories: ::*Declining ::*Recovering ::*Relict ::*Naturally Uncommon ;Other categories ;;Introduced and Natur ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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