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Panikhia Jati
Panikhia Jati ( or, ପାଣିଖିଆ ଜାତି) also known as Panichhuan Jati (Clean castes) of Odisha. Which is a group of dominant and high rank castes. Which water and foods are acceptable for deities and also for Brahmins, includes: Karan, Khandayat, Gopal, Chasa and Gudia caste. There is good social relation and communication among them. They are very strict for their social status or prestige, they do not take water and foods from lower communities. But occasionally they are allowing Barika and Mali Mali (; ), officially the Republic of Mali,, , ff, 𞤈𞤫𞤲𞥆𞤣𞤢𞥄𞤲𞤣𞤭 𞤃𞤢𞥄𞤤𞤭, Renndaandi Maali, italics=no, ar, جمهورية مالي, Jumhūriyyāt Mālī is a landlocked country in West Africa. Mali ... peoples to participate in their festivals and other ritual works. References Indian castes Social groups of Odisha {{India-ethno-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Odisha
Odisha (English: , ), formerly Orissa ( the official name until 2011), is an Indian state located in Eastern India. It is the 8th largest state by area, and the 11th largest by population. The state has the third largest population of Scheduled Tribes in India. It neighbours the states of Jharkhand and West Bengal to the north, Chhattisgarh to the west, and Andhra Pradesh to the south. Odisha has a coastline of along the Bay of Bengal in Indian Ocean. The region is also known as Utkala and is also mentioned in India's national anthem, " Jana Gana Mana". The language of Odisha is Odia, which is one of the Classical Languages of India. The ancient kingdom of Kalinga, which was invaded by the Mauryan Emperor Ashoka (which was again won back from them by King Kharavela) in 261 BCE resulting in the Kalinga War, coincides with the borders of modern-day Odisha. The modern boundaries of Odisha were demarcated by the British Indian government when Orissa Province wa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Brahmin
Brahmin (; sa, ब्राह्मण, brāhmaṇa) is a varna as well as a caste within Hindu society. The Brahmins are designated as the priestly class as they serve as priests (purohit, pandit, or pujari) and religious teachers (guru or acharya). The other three varnas are the Kshatriya, Vaishya and Shudra. The traditional occupation of Brahmins is that of priesthood at the Hindu temples or at socio-religious ceremonies, and rite of passage rituals such as solemnising a wedding with hymns and prayers.James Lochtefeld (2002), Brahmin, The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Hinduism, Vol. 1: A–M, Rosen Publishing, , page 125 Traditionally, the Brahmins are accorded the highest ritual status of the four social classes. Their livelihood is prescribed to be one of strict austerity and voluntary poverty ("A Brahmin should acquire what just suffices for the time, what he earns he should spend all that the same day"). In practice, Indian texts suggest that some Brahmins historicall ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Karan (caste)
The Karan or Karana is a community of Scribe, scribes found in the state of Odisha in India. The post of Karana used to be a professional designation that was occupied by literate members of the lower as well as the higher castes. They also held Karanam post in some parts of Andhra Pradesh, where they speak Odia language, Odia and played the similar role in Odisha as that of the Kayasthas of West Bengal and Bihar. Traditionally they were the official record-keepers in the royal courts of the Odia princely states historically (Orissa Tributary States). Today they are a politically dominant community and have reigned over the politics of Odisha for 40 years. History Hindu Scriptures Various Hindu scriptures such as Smriti, Smrtis and Puranas mention Karan as a mixed caste. According to puranic accounts, the offspring of a Vaishya father and a Shudra mother is called a Karan, which places them below Vaishyas & above Shudras as per Manu's law. Amarkosha mentioned Karan along with Am ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Khandayat (caste)
Khandayat or Khandait is a landed militia caste from Odisha, East india. They were feudal chiefs, military generals, zamindars, large land holders and agriculturalists. During British raj, they ruled many tributary states in Odisha. They are largest caste by population in Odisha. Etymology The name Khandayat is originated from the word "Khanda" which means Sword and khandayat means sword wielding. According to G.Praharaj, in old days who came forward to save the native kingdom with their swords when it was in trouble were granted the title of "Khandayat". Since then people of Oda (Peasants) & Gauda (cowherds) castes enjoyed the title, it can be said khandayat is only a title. Origin Rampant invasions took place in medieval period which prompted the Odia rulers to accumulate the large population of farmers and tribals into their army, such accumulation led to the emergance of Khandayat caste. Khandayat title was used by people of various communities and classes in m ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gopal (caste)
Gopal or Gauda is an Indian caste, which is a synonym of Ahir from Odisha State in East India. Their traditional occupation include dairy farming, cattle herding, cultivation and carrying palanquins of deities. They also worked as Paikas (soldiers) under the kings. They claim Kshatriya status and in hierarchy, they occupy the rank next to Khandayats. They also owned Zamindaris in Ranapura, Nayagarh and Khandapara regions of Odisha. They find mention in Mahabharata as soldiers of Narayani Sena. As per the census of India, they are the second largest caste in Odisha and comprise more than 16% of population. as well. Etymology The word Gopal derived from vedic "Gopala", which "''Go''" refers to cow and "''Pala''" refers to protector or herder. Hence "Gopala" literally means "cow herder" According to Bhagavata Purana, the earth takes the form of a cow and asks Vishnu to protect her. That was why Vishnu (Krishna), her guardian is called Go-Pala, protector of mother earth in the fo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chasa Caste
Chasa is a community from the Indian state of Odisha. Chasas were traditionally cultivators but are now engaged in several professions. The Odia word ''chasa'' means farmer. They are third largest caste by population in Odisha. History The Orh/Oda Chasas claim that they were the first tribe to settle in Odisha, and that they began to cultivate the land. They claim that Odisha is named after them. They are classified as Shudra in the Hindu caste system. The association between Chasas and their occupation of manual labour (ploughing) was used to stigmatize the Chasas and distinguish them from the upper castes as late as the early 19th century. "''Chasa''" was considered to be a "generic derogatory term for cultivators", in contrast to the ''sabhya bhabya Gan'' "sophisticated people". Around the turn of the 20th century, Chasas were small farmers and marginal raiyats. In modern day Odisha, the Chasas are among the dominant castes in most villages, and are landowners and econo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gudia (caste)
Gudia or Guria or Gudiya (also known as Madhuvaishya) is a caste found in the Indian state of Odisha and Chhatishgarh, also a small population in Andhra Pradesh. They are also called as Modak in West Bengal and are the regional name of northern states Halwai caste. Traditionally their occupation is making of various type of sweets for village ceremonies and festive occasion and subsist on this business. They are also supplier of offerings for village deity. Nowadays they have opened their modern sweet stalls in markets for better business. Social Status The Gudias are classified under Other Backward Classes The Other Backward Class is a collective term used by the Government of India to classify castes which are educationally or socially backward. It is one of several official classifications of the population of India, along with General castes, S ... in both the state of Odisha, Chhattisgarh and West Bengal. References {{Reflist Social groups of Odisha Social groups of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Barika (caste)
Barick and Barik are also belonged to Gopal or Gauda is an Indian caste, which is a synonym of Yadav caste from Odisha State in East India. Their traditional occupation is cattle-herding and cultivation. As per census of India, numerically they are the second largest population in Odisha, third in Cuttack district, and comprise more than 16% of population. The Barika or Barick (also Known as Gopal or Gauda Baja, Nai, Napita in different area) is an Indian caste found from Odisha State in India. Traditionally they are barbers by profession. Their service is indispensable on the occasion of marriage, birth and death. They are also required for carrying luggage bags of bride and groom in Hindu weddings. Social Status Some Barikas of today run and own saloons and beauty parlours. The Barika (Bhandaris) are included in Other Backward Classes The Other Backward Class is a collective term used by the Government of India to classify castes which are educationally or socially backward ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mali (caste)
The Mali are an occupational caste found among the Hindus who traditionally worked as gardeners and florists. They also call themselves Phul Mali due to their occupation of growing flowers. The Mali are found throughout North India, East India as well as the Terai region of Nepal and Maharashtra. Iravati Karve, an anthropologist, showed how the Maratha caste was generated from Kunbis who simply started calling themselves "Maratha". She states that Maratha, Kunbi and Mali are the three main farming communities of Maharashtra – the difference being that the Marathas and Kunbis were "dry farmers" whereas the Mali farmed throughout the yea Mali of Northern india There are many Endogamy, endogamous groups within Malis. Not all Mali groups have the same origin, culture, history or social standing and there is at least one group - the Rajput Mali, from Rajasthan - that overlaps with Rajputs and was included under the Rajput sub-category in the 1891 State Census Report for Marwar. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Indian Castes
The caste system in India is the paradigmatic ethnographic example of classification of castes. It has its origins in ancient India, and was transformed by various ruling elites in medieval, early-modern, and modern India, especially the Mughal Empire and the British Raj. It is today the basis of affirmative action programmes in India as enforced through its constitution. The caste system consists of two different concepts, ''varna'' and '' jati'', which may be regarded as different levels of analysis of this system. Based on DNA analysis, endogamous i.e. non-intermarrying Jatis originated during the Gupta Empire. Our modern understanding of caste as an institution in India has been influenced by the collapse of the Mughal era and the rise of the British colonial government in India. The collapse of the Mughal era saw the rise of powerful men who associated themselves with kings, priests and ascetics, affirming the regal and martial form of the caste ideal, and it also re ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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