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Pakistan Railway Employees Union
Pakistan ( ur, ), officially the Islamic Republic of Pakistan ( ur, , label=none), is a country in South Asia. It is the world's fifth-most populous country, with a population of almost 243 million people, and has the world's second-largest Muslim population just behind Indonesia. Pakistan is the 33rd-largest country in the world by area and 2nd largest in South Asia, spanning . It has a coastline along the Arabian Sea and Gulf of Oman in the south, and is bordered by India to the east, Afghanistan to the west, Iran to the southwest, and China to the northeast. It is separated narrowly from Tajikistan by Afghanistan's Wakhan Corridor in the north, and also shares a maritime border with Oman. Islamabad is the nation's capital, while Karachi is its largest city and financial centre. Pakistan is the site of several ancient cultures, including the 8,500-year-old Neolithic site of Mehrgarh in Balochistan, the Indus Valley civilisation of the Bronze Age, the most exten ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
ĪmÄn, IttihÄd, Nazam
Faith, Unity, Discipline ( ur, ) is the national motto of Pakistan. It is regarded as the guiding principle of Pakistan's nationhood. Upon the independence of Pakistan, it was introduced and adopted as the national motto by the country's founder Muhammad Ali Jinnah. It is inscribed in Urdu at the base of the state emblem. The emblem itself is an adaptation of four components: wreath, crescent, star and scroll, with all components in the shield bounded by the wreath of the Jasmine flower, and the crescent and star crest depicted at the top. Origin The origin of the motto is derived from the country's founding father Muhammad Ali Jinnah. Jinnah related it to his personal example of life, and instilled a message to the youth of his time, as well as for Pakistan's future generations. On 28 December 1947, four months after the emergence of Pakistan on the world's map, Jinnah said: "We are going through fire: the sunshine has yet to come. But I have no doubt that with Unity, Fa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Balti Language
Balti (NastaÊ¿lÄ«q script: , Tibetan script: སྦལ་à½à½²à¼, ) is a Tibetic language natively spoken by the ethnic Balti people in the Baltistan region of Gilgit−Baltistan, Pakistan, Nubra Valley of the Leh district and in the Kargil district of Ladakh, India. The language differs from Standard Tibetan; many sounds of Old Tibetan that were lost in Standard Tibetan are retained in the Balti language. It also has a simple pitch accent system only in multi-syllabic words while Standard Tibetan has a complex and distinct pitch system that includes tone contour. Demographics and distribution Balti is spoken in most parts of Gilgit-Baltistan in Pakistan, Kargil and Nubra Ladakh in India. According to the Gilgit-Baltistan Scouts, Balti is mostly spoken in Skardu, Shigar, Gultari, Ghanche, Roundu and Kharmang parts of Gilgit-Baltistan. In the twin districts of Ladakh region (Kargil and Leh) it is spoken in Kargil city and its surrounding villages like Hardass, Lato, Kark ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shina Language
Shina ( ) is an Indo-Aryan language spoken by the Shina people. In Pakistan, Shina is the major language in Gilgit-Baltistan spoken by an estimated 1,146,000 people living mainly in Gilgit-Baltistan and Kohistan.{{Cite book , last1=Saxena , first1=Anju , url=https://books.google.com/books?id=g8DAmULPQU0C&dq=shina+gilgit+ladakh&pg=PA137 , title=Lesser-Known Languages of South Asia: Status and Policies, Case Studies and Applications of Information Technology , last2=Borin , first2=Lars , date=2008-08-22 , publisher=Walter de Gruyter , isbn=978-3-11-019778-5 , pages=137 , language=en , quote=Shina is an Indo-Aryan language of the Dardic group, spoken in the Karakorams and the western Himalayas: Gilgit, Hunza, the Astor Valley, the Tangir-Darel valleys, Chilas and Indus Kohistan, as well as in the upper Neelam Valley and Dras. Outliers of Shina are found in Ladakh (Brokskat), Chitral (Palula and Sawi), Swat (Ushojo; Bashir 2003: 878) and Dir (Kalkoti). A small community of Shina sp ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Parkari Koli Language
The Parkari Koli language (sometimes called just ''Parkari'') is a language mainly spoken in the province of Sindh, Pakistan. It is spoken in the southeast tip bordering India, Tharparkar District, Nagarparkar. Most of the lower Thar Desert, west as far as Indus River, bordered north and west by Hyderabad, to south and west of Badin. Lexical similarity 77%–83% with Marwari, 83% with Wadiyara Koli. Orthography The orthography was standardized in 1983-84 and used from 1985 onward. It is based on the Sindhi alphabet with three additional letters: , representing a voiced dental implosive /É—/, , representing a retroflex lateral approximant /É/, and , representing a voiced glottal fricative /ɦ/. These letters all use an inverted V (like the circumflex The circumflex () is a diacritic in the Latin and Greek scripts that is also used in the written forms of many languages and in various romanization and transcription schemes. It received its English name from la, circum ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Memoni Language
Memoni (ميموني, મેમોની) is an Indo-Aryan language spoken by Kathiawari Memons from the Kathiawar region of Gujarat, India. Memon people are a subgroup or an ethnic group that originated in north-western India. After the Indian partition in 1947, Memons of the Kathiawar region migrated to neighboring states, cities and towns within India, but a large number of Memons settled in Karachi, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, South Africa, Malawi, Kenya and even United States and Canada. History The true origin of the Memoni language is still debated among the historians of the region. Memon people speak the language in different styles or accent due to the influence of other languages in areas of settlement. Basically Memoni language is the mixture of Sindhi, Kutchi and Gujarati Languages. Memoni language does not have its alphabetical system of reading and writing, nor having its literature and dictionary. But the language is spoken and inherited by the generations of the Me ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Marwari Language
Marwari (मारवाड़ी, IAST: MÄrwÄṛī; also rendered as ''Marwadi'' or ''Marvadi'') is a Rajasthani language spoken in the Indian state of Rajasthan. Marwari is also found in the neighbouring states of Gujarat and Haryana, some adjacent areas in Eastern parts of Pakistan, and some migrant communities in Nepal. With some 7.8 million or so speakers (ce. 2011), it is one of the largest varieties of Rajasthani. Most speakers live in Rajasthan, with a quarter-million in Sindh and a tenth of that number in Nepal. There are two dozen dialects of Marwari. Marwari is popularly written in Devanagari script, as are many languages of India and Nepal, including Hindi, Marathi, Nepali, and Sanskrit; although it was historically written in Mahajani, it is still written in the Perso-Arabic script by the Marwari minority in Eastern parts of Pakistan (the standard/western Naskh script variant is used in Sindh Province, and the eastern Nastalik variant is used in Punjab Prov ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kutchi Language
Kutchi (; કચà«àª›à«€, , ÚªÚ‡Ù‘ÛŒ) or Kachhi is an Indo-Aryan language spoken in the Kutch region of India and Sindh region of Pakistan. The name of the language is also transliterated as Katchi, Kutchhi, Kachchi, Kachchhi, Kachhi or Cutchi. Influences from other languages Kutchi is a dialect of Sindhi, with which it is mutually intelligible. Over time, it has borrowed vocabulary from Gujarati. Most Kutchis living in India are bilingual or trilingual, due to exposure to closely related neighbouring languages such as Gujarati. Many Pakistani Kutchis are also bilingual or trilingual; many residents of Karachi speak Kutchi. Its differences from neighbouring languages are more pronounced in its spoken varieties, but it has many loans from Gujarati, Marwari (a major western Rajasthani language) and Hindi-Urdu as well. Kutchi speaking communities include some Charan (Gadhavi), Rajputs Jadeja, Bhanushalis, Lohanas, Brahmins (Rajgor), Meghwals, Visa Oswal and Dasa Osval (Oshw ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
