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Pachycephalidae
The Pachycephalidae are a family of bird species that includes the whistlers, shrikethrushes, and three of the pitohuis, and is part of the ancient Australo-Papuan radiation of songbirds. The family includes 64 species that are separated into five genera. Its members range from small to medium in size, and occupy most of Australasia. Australia and New Guinea are the centre of their diversity and, in the case of the whistlers, the South Pacific islands as far as Tonga and Samoa and parts of Asia as far as India. The exact delimitation of boundaries of the family are uncertain, and one species, the golden whistler, has been the subject of intense taxonomic scrutiny in recent years, with multiple subspecies and species-level revisions. Taxonomy and systematics The family Pachycephalidae was introduced (as the subfamily Pachycephalinae) by the English ornithologist William John Swainson in 1832. The genera '' Pachycare'', ''Hylocitrea'', the crested bellbird and the crested shrik ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Colluricincla
A shrikethrush, also spelt shrike-thrush, is any one of eleven species of songbird that is a member of the genus ''Colluricincla''. They have nondescript, predominantly brown or grey, plumage, but are accomplished singers, their calls described as "strong, mellow and beautiful." Shrikethrushes are generally insectivorous, though have been recorded eating molluscs and berries. They build cup-shaped nests in the forks of trees. Taxonomy and systematics Nicholas Aylward Vigors and Thomas Horsfield described the genus in 1827, coining the genus name from the Ancient Greek words ''collurio'' "shrike" and ''cinclos'' "thrush". Noting the beak, they thought it related to shrikes or vangas, though its form was reminiscent of thrushes. Shrikethrushes were commonly known as colluricinclas in the 19th century, but their current name was in use by the late 19th century. Molecular studies by Norman and colleagues in 2009 and Jønsson and colleagues in 2010 show the shrikethrushes to lie withi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Melanorectes
The black pitohui (''Melanorectes nigrescens'') is a species of bird in the monotypic genus of ''Melanorectes'' in the family Pachycephalidae. It is found throughout the highlands of New Guinea. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests. Taxonomy and systematics The black pitohui was originally described in the genus ''Rectes'' (a synonym for the genus ''Pitohui'') and re-classified to ''Melanorectes'' in 2013. Alternate names include black whistler and dusky pitohui. Subspecies The following six subspecies are recognized: * ''M. n. nigrescens'' – ( Schlegel, 1871): Found in northwestern New Guinea * ''M. n. wandamensis'' – ( Hartert, 1930): Found in Wandammen Peninsula (western New Guinea) * ''M. n. meeki'' – (Rothschild & Hartert, 1913): Originally described as a separate species in the genus ''Pitohui''. Found in west-central New Guinea * ''M. n. buergersi'' – (Stresemann, 1922): Found in northern and east-central New Guinea * ''M. n. ha ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Goldenface
The goldenface (''Pachycare flavogriseum'') is a species of passerine bird endemic to New Guinea. It is the only species (monotypic) within the genus ''Pachycare''. Taxonomy and systematics The placement of this species and genus within the passerines is uncertain.Del Hoyo, J.; Elliot, A. & Christie D. (editors). (2007). '' Handbook of the Birds of the World''. Volume 12: Picathartes to Tits and Chickadees. Lynx Edicions. It has been suggested that it belongs with the whistlers, in the family Pachycephalidae, based on its bright yellow plumage and voice, and the species is sometimes known as the dwarf whistler. Others have suggested placing it with the Australasian robins in the family Petroicidae, but the nest architecture is unlike that of the robin family; in fact, its nests more closely resemble those of the thornbills in the family Acanthizidae, another family to which it has sometimes been aligned. This relationship was supported by a 2009 molecular study, which placed th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Coracornis
''Coracornis'' is a genus of birds in the family Pachycephalidae. The two species are found in Indonesia. Taxonomy and systematics Formerly, the genus ''Coracornis'' was considered to be monotypic, containing only the maroon-backed whistler. The Sangihe shrikethrush was added in 2013 following recent genetic studies. Species Two species In biology, a species is the basic unit of Taxonomy (biology), classification and a taxonomic rank of an organism, as well as a unit of biodiversity. A species is often defined as the largest group of organisms in which any two individuals of ... are recognized: * Maroon-backed whistler (''Coracornis raveni'') * Sangihe whistler (''Coracornis sanghirensis'') References Bird genera Taxa named by Joseph Harvey Riley Taxonomy articles created by Polbot {{Corvoidea-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rufous Whistler
The rufous whistler (''Pachycephala rufiventris'') is a species of whistler found in New Caledonia and Australia. Predominantly a reddish-brown and grey bird, it makes up for its subdued plumage with its song-making ability. Like many other members of the Pachycephalidae, it has a variety of musical calls. Taxonomy and systematics The rufous whistler was originally described in the genus '' Sylvia'' by the English ornithologist John Latham in 1801. It was subsequently classified within the genera ''Turdus'', ''Laniarius'', and ''Lanius'' before being classified in its present genus, ''Pachycephala''. Alternate names for the rufous whistler include the rufous-bellied whistler and white-bellied whistler. The latter name should not be confused with the species of the same name, '' Pachycephala leucogastra''. Some authorities have considered the black-headed, drab, and cinnamon-breasted whistlers to be subspecies of the rufous whistler. Subspecies Five subspecies are recognized ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pitohui
The pitohuis are bird species endemic to New Guinea. The onomatopoeic name is thought to be derived from that used by New Guineans from nearby Dorey (Manokwari), but it is also used as the name of a genus '' Pitohui'' which was established by the French naturalist René Lesson in 1831. The unitalicized common name however refers to perching birds that belong to several genera of multiple bird families. The genera include '' Ornorectes'', '' Melanorectes'', and '' Pseudorectes'' apart from ''Pitohui''. Taxonomy and systematics The Pitohui species were formerly all classified in the genus '' Pitohui'', which at the time was in the family Pachycephalidae. In 2013 they were separated into several different genera in several different families. The species are now separated into three families as follows: Oreoicidae * Crested pitohui ('' Ornorectes cristatus'') Pachycephalidae * Black pitohui ('' Melanorectes nigrescens'') * White-bellied pitohui ('' Pseudorectes incertus'') ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mohoua
''Mohoua'' is a small genus of three bird species endemic to New Zealand. The scientific name is taken from ''mohua'' – the Māori name for the yellowhead.''"Handbook of Australian, New Zealand and Antarctic Birds"; Volume 7'', edited by Peter Higgins, OUP, 2000 Their taxonomic placement has presented problems: They have typically been placed in the whistler family, Pachycephalidae, but in 2013 it was established that they are best placed in their own family, Mohouidae.Zachary Aidala et al. Phylogenetic relationships of the genus Mohoua, endemic hosts of New Zealand’s obligate brood parasitic Long-tailed Cuckoo (''Eudynamys taitensis''). Journal of Ornithology, published online June, 2013; doi: 10.1007/s10336-013-0978-8 All three species display some degree of sexual dimorphism in terms of size, with the males being the larger of the two sexes.Barrie Heather and Hugh Robertson, ''"The Field Guide to the Birds of New Zealand" (revised edition)'', Viking, 2005 ''Mohoua'' ar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pseudorectes
''Pseudorectes'' is a bird genus in the family Pachycephalidae endemic to New Guinea. Pseudorectes Extant species It contains the following species: * White-bellied pitohui (''Pseudorectes incertus'') * Rusty pitohui The rusty pitohui (''Pseudorectes ferrugineus'') is a species of bird in the family Pachycephalidae. It is found throughout the lowlands of the Aru Islands and New Guinea. Taxonomy and systematics The rusty pitohui was originally classified wi ... (''Pseudorectes ferrugineus'') Former species Formerly, some authorities also considered the following species (or subspecies) as species within the genus ''Pseudorectes'': * Oriole whistler (as ''Pseudorectes cinnamomeum'') References Bird genera {{Corvoidea-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Oreoicidae
Oreoicidae is a newly recognized family (biology), family of small insectivorous songbirds from New Guinea and Australia, commonly known as the Australo-Papuan bellbirds. The family contains three genera, each containing a single species: ''Aleadryas'', which contains the rufous-naped bellbird; ''Ornorectes'', which contains the piping bellbird; and ''Oreoica'', which contains the crested bellbird. Taxonomy and systematics The three species contained in the family have been moved around between different family (biology), families for fifty years, including the Colluricinclidae (shrike-thrushes), Falcunculidae (shrike-tits) and Pachycephalidae (whistlers). A series of studies of the DNA of Australian birds between 2001 and 2006 found strong support for treating the three genera as a new family, which was formally named in 2016 (although the name had first been proposed by Sibley and Ahlquist in 1985). Within the passerines, the relationship of the Australo-Papuan bellbirds to oth ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Crested Bellbird
The crested bellbird (''Oreoica gutturalis'') is a medium-sized passerine bird in the family Oreoicidae. It is native to drier parts of Australia where its typical habitats are acacia scrublands, eucalypt woodlands, spinifex and saltbush plains, and dunes. The male is about long and has a grey head, a black crest and breast, and a grey or olive brown body. The female and juvenile are similar but the colours are more muted and the black breast is lacking. The distinctive call is a high pitched bell-like sound, audible at some distance. Sometimes a pair of birds duet. The crested bellbird feeds on seeds and small invertebrates, foraging on the ground or in low bushes. The deep, cup-shaped nest is usually within a couple of metres of the ground, built in the fork of a branch or in a crevice in a stump. It is made from small twigs and bark and lined with finer material. Up to four eggs are laid and these are incubated by both parents. Overall this bird is quite common, but in som ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hylocitrea
The hylocitrea (''Hylocitrea bonensis''), also known as the yellow-flanked whistler or olive-flanked whistler, is a species of bird that is endemic to montane forests on the Indonesian island of Sulawesi.Boles, W. E. (2007). Yellow-flanked Whistler (Hylocitrea bonensis). pp. 411 in: Del Hoyo, J.; Elliot, A., & Christie D. eds. (2007). ''Handbook of the Birds of the World. Vol. 12. Picathartes to Tits and Chickadees.'' Lynx Edicions, Barcelona. It is monotypic within the genus ''Hylocitrea'', and has traditionally been considered a member of the family Pachycephalidae, but recent genetic evidence suggests it should be placed in a monotypic subfamily of the family Bombycillidae, or even its own family, Hylocitreidae. A 2019 study found it to be a sister group to a clade containing the hypocolius (Hypocoliidae) and the extinct Hawaiian honeyeaters (Mohoidae), with the clade containing all three being a sister group to the silky-flycatchers (Ptiliogonatidae). The divergences form ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hylocitreidae
The hylocitrea (''Hylocitrea bonensis''), also known as the yellow-flanked whistler or olive-flanked whistler, is a species of bird that is endemic to montane forests on the Indonesian island of Sulawesi.Boles, W. E. (2007). Yellow-flanked Whistler (Hylocitrea bonensis). pp. 411 in: Del Hoyo, J.; Elliot, A., & Christie D. eds. (2007). ''Handbook of the Birds of the World. Vol. 12. Picathartes to Tits and Chickadees.'' Lynx Edicions, Barcelona. It is monotypic within the genus ''Hylocitrea'', and has traditionally been considered a member of the family Pachycephalidae, but recent genetic evidence suggests it should be placed in a monotypic subfamily of the family Bombycillidae, or even its own family, Hylocitreidae. A 2019 study found it to be a sister group to a clade containing the hypocolius (Hypocoliidae) and the extinct Hawaiian honeyeaters (Mohoidae), with the clade containing all three being a sister group to the silky-flycatchers (Ptiliogonatidae). The divergences form ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
