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Punjabi Music
Music of Punjab ( Punjabi: پنجاب دی موسیقی ; ਪੰਜਾਬ ਦਾ ਸੰਗੀਤ ) reflects the traditions of the Punjab region of the Subcontinent, with East Punjab in India, and West Punjab in Pakistan. The Punjab has diverse styles of music, ranging from folk and Sufi to classical, notably the Patiala gharana. Contemporary Punjabi music has tended to include more modern hip-hop and R&B sounds. While this style of music is obviously most popular in Punjab, it has seen popularity across the subcontinent and areas with large Punjabi diaspora populations, such as Canada, the United Kingdom, and the United States. Classical music *Patiala Gharana *Sham Chaurasia gharana * Punjab Gharana Instruments During the past century, Punjabi folk musicians used 87 instruments, 55 of which are still used today. It is notable that the instruments used today serve a function that exceeds musical necessity in that they are closely tied to Punjabi culture and heritage. The dho ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Punjabi Language
Punjabi (; ; , ), sometimes spelled Panjabi, is an Indo-Aryan language of the Punjab region of Pakistan and India. It has approximately 113 million native speakers. Punjabi is the most widely-spoken first language in Pakistan, with 80.5 million native speakers as per the 2017 census, and the 11th most widely-spoken in India, with 31.1 million native speakers, as per the 2011 census. The language is spoken among a significant overseas diaspora, particularly in Canada, the United States, and the United Kingdom. In Pakistan, Punjabi is written using the Shahmukhi alphabet, based on the Perso-Arabic script; in India, it is written using the Gurmukhi alphabet, based on the Indic scripts. Punjabi is unusual among the Indo-Aryan languages and the broader Indo-European language family in its usage of lexical tone. History Etymology The word ''Punjabi'' (sometimes spelled ''Panjabi'') has been derived from the word ''Panj-āb'', Persian for 'Five Waters', referring to the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Patiala Gharana
The Patiala ''gharana'' (, ) is one of the vocal (tradition, school, or style of music) of Hindustani classical music, named after the city of Patiala in Punjab, India where it was established. The ''gharana'' was founded in the mid to late 19th century by Mian Kallu (also known as Kalu-miya Khan), a sārangi player of the Jaipur durbar. He received his musical training from the last Mughal king Bahadur Shah Zafar’s court musician Qutub Bakhsh ‘Tanras’ Khan ( Delhi ''gharana'') and went on to become the court musician to the Maharaja of Patiala. Eventually, the mantle was passed on to his son, ‘General’ Ali Baksh Khan and his close friend ‘Colonel’ Fateh Ali Khan, both of whom became court musicians in the court of Maharaja Rajinder Singh. The titles of 'general' and 'colonel' of music were bestowed upon them by the Victor Alexander Bruce, the 9th Earl of Elgin, after the duo had enthralled him with their performance. Their pairing was popularly referred to as 'A ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dilruba
The dilruba (also spelt dilrupa) is a bowed musical instrument originating in India. It is slightly larger than an esraj and has a larger, square resonance box. The dilruba holds particular importance in Sikh history. It became more widely known outside India in the 1960s through use in songs by Western artists, such as the Beatles during their psychedelic phase (most notably in the song "Within You Without You"). Etymology The name of the instrument derives from the Persianized Hindustani word دلربا/दिलरुबा (''dilrubā''), literally meaning "that which ravishes or steals the heart." History The traditional story is that the dilruba was invented around 300 years ago by the 10th Sikh Guru, Guru Gobind Singh, who based it on the much older and much heavier taus. His innovations made it more convenient for the Sikh army (the ''khalsa'') to carry the instrument on horseback. There is some doubt in the research community about the truth of the traditional or ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Taus (instrument)
The taus, originally known as the mayuri veena, is a bowed string instrument from North India. It is a form of veena used in North India with a peacock-shaped resonator called a ''mayuri'', and is played with the neck of the instrument on bow. References to the mayuri veena have been found in ''Malavikagnimitra'', written by the Sanskrit poet Kalidasa between the 4th to 5th centuries CE. The name ''taus'' is a Persian translation of the word 'peacock', or ''mayura'' in Sanskrit. It is believed that the taus was being played and adopted by for the Sikhs by Guru Hargobind, the sixth Guru of the Sikhs. Origin story Bhai Avtar Singh, a well-known taus player and ragi who practiced the historic style of kirtan, tells the story of the invention of the Taus in the following quote: "The ''taus'' was conceived by and designed by the 6th Guru, Guru Hargobind Ji. ..The Guru and his Sikhs were singing outdoors under a tree enjoying God and nature. As was the old tradition, the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pakhavaj
The pakhavaj is a barrel-shaped, two-headed drum, originating from the Indian subcontinent, the oldest version of double sided drums and its descendants are mridangam of Southern India and kendang of Maritime Southeast Asia and other South Asian double-headed drums. Its older forms were made with clay. It is the percussion instrument most commonly used in the dhrupad style of Indian classical music and less often used as a rhythm accompaniment for various other sub-forms of music and dance performances (e.g. kathak, odissi, marathi). It has a low, mellow tone that is quite rich in harmonics. The sides of the pakhawaj are made with animal skin (often goat, cow skin). The pakhavaj players place the instrument horizontally in front of themselves as they sit on the floor with legs crossed. The players may sometimes place a cushion under the narrower treble face to lift it slightly. A right-handed person places the larger bass-skin on the left side and the treble skin on the right. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jori (instrument)
Jori, Jodi, Dhamma, or Jorhi (sometimes Jori-Pakhawaj) is a South Asian percussion instrument made up of two individual drums. The Jori originates from the Punjab region of South Asia. Historically, the Jori has accompanied Gurbani Kirtan. Prominent exponents of the Jori include Ustad Sukhvinder Singh 'Pinky", ,Bhai Baldeep Singh, Bhai Jasdeep Singh, Bhai Surdarshan Singh and Bhai Gian Singh Naamdhari. In its construction, the Jori is similar to the Tabla. The key differences being the use of a larger ''dayaan/chathoo (also known as Poorra)'' (treble drum), and a wooden barrel-shaped ''bayaan/dagga'' (bass drum) with ''atta'' (dough) instead of the ''syahi/gub'', which is called a "Dhamma" . History and origin The Jori, Jodi, or Jorhi was first created by the 5th Sikh guru, Guru Arjun Dev Ji when his followers wanted to separate the much older & venerable Pakhavaj into two instruments, similar to the tabla. Due to this, in modern times we notice the Tabla & Jori being confused ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sarinda (instrument)
A sarinda or saranda is a North Indian stringed folk musical instrument similar to lutes or fiddles. It is played with a bow and has between ten and thirty strings. The bottom part of the front of its hollow wooden soundbox is covered with animal skin. It is played while sitting on the ground in a vertical orientation. The Sarangi and Nepali sarangi are similar to the Saranda. Several ethnic groups of India, e.g. Bauls of Bengal, Punjabi people, the folk artists of Rajasthan, Assam and Tripura, use the sarinda in their traditional music and dance. It is the sole accompaniment for a soloist or group folk singer(s). See also *Sarangi - a more common relative of the sarinda. *Sarangi (Nepali) The Nepali Sarangi ( ne, नेपाली सारङ्गी) is a Nepali folk instrument. It is a chordophone played by bowing. Traditionally in Nepal, the Sarangi was only played by people of Gandarbha or Gaine caste (both contested and i ... - a simpler version of the sarangi, p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rubab (instrument)
Rubab, robab or rabab (Pashto/Persian: رُباب, Kashmiri : رَبابہٕ, Sindhi: (Nastaleeq), रबाब (Devanagari), Azerbaijani/ Turkish: Rübab, Tajik/ Uzbek ''рубоб'') is a lute-like musical instrument.David Courtney, 'Rabab'Chandra & David's Homepage/ref> The rubab is one of the national musical instruments of Afghanistan; and is also commonly used in Pakistan in areas inhabited by the Pashtun and Baloch, and also played by Sindhi people in Sindh, by Kashmiri people in Kashmir, and by the Punjabis of the Punjab. Three variants of the rubab are the ''Kabuli rebab'' of Afghanistan, the ''Seni rebab'' of northern India, and the ''Pamiri rubab'' of Tajikistan. These proliferated throughout West, Central, South and Southeast Asia. The Kabuli rebab originates from Afghanistan, and it derives its name from Arabic '' rebab'' 'played with a bow'; in Central Asia and the Indian subcontinent, however, the instrument is plucked and is distinctly different in construc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sikh Music
Sikh music, also known as Gurbani Sangeet (Gurmukhi: ਗੁਰਬਾਣੀ ਸੰਗੀਤ; meaning ''music of'' ''the speech of wisdom'')'','' and as Gurmat Sangeet (Gurmukhi: ਗੁਰਮਤਿ ਸੰਗੀਤ; meaning ''music of the counsel or tenets of the Guru'')'','' or even as Shabad Kirtan (ਸ਼ਬਦ ਕੀਰਤਨ), is the classical music style that is practised within Sikhism. It exists in institutional, popular, and folk traditions, forms, and varieties. Three types of Sikh musicians are rababis, ragis, and dhadhis. History Musical expression has held a very important place within the Sikh tradition ever since its beginning, with Guru Nanak and his faithful companion, Bhai Mardana. Mardana was a player of the rabab, and would travel alongside Nanak and play the instrument when Nanak spoke his teachings. As a result of this, Mardana is credited as establishing the rababi tradition in Sikhism. Musical Fundamentals Raag A ''raga'' or ''raag'' (Punjabi: ਰ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Boliyan
Boliyan or bolis are couplets that are sung in Punjab. Boliyan are often sung in accompaniment of bhangra dances. A boli expresses typical situations and their emotions. Usually a boli is sung and introduced by one woman, and then other girls form a chorus. These boliyan are usually passed down generation by generation orally. This forms a continuous and successive chain, each generation being taught by its predecessor. It is through this process that boliyan have been refined and passed on from long ago. Although commonly women do '' giddha'' and sing'' boliyan'', in the Malwa region, in lower Punjab, men sing the ''boliyan''. They also do '' Bhangra'' dances to accompany the ''Boliyan'' (see Malwai Giddha). Boliyan are traditional, but time has made changes in them too. They are not only composed by professionals, but even farmers contribute to them. They have a uniform rhythm, and often their appeal is enhanced by a meaningless rhyme being added to them. Almost all folk dan ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Giddha
Giddha ( pa, گدها, ਗਿੱਧਾ, ) is a popular folk dance of women in the Punjab region. The dance is often considered derived from the ancient dance known as the ring dance and is just as energetic as bhangra; at the same time it manages to creatively display feminine grace, elegance and flexibility. It is a highly colourful dance form which has spread to all regions of India. Women perform this dance mainly at festive or social occasions. The dance is accompanied by rhythmic clapping, with a typical traditional folk song performed by elder women in the background. Giddha varies from other forms of traditional Punjabi dance in that it does not require the two-headed barrel ''dhol'' drum to be performed. Instead, women stand in a circle formation and clap rhythms. A lead woman will recite a ''boli'' (lyrics) with a refrain that the entire circle then repeats. The whole form of a giddha song is worked through in this call and response form. Giddha details stories of wome ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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