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Punctelia Cedrosensis
''Punctelia cedrosensis'' is a species of foliose lichen in the family Parmeliaceae. It is endemic to Mexico, where it grows on the bark of conifers. Taxonomy The lichen was formally described as a new species in 2004 by lichenologists Robert Egan and John Alan Elix. The type specimen was collected on Cedros Island ( Baja California) at an altitude of , where it was growing on '' Juniperus californicus''. Its range was later extended to northern Mexico (Nuevo León and Tamaulipas). Description ''Punctelia cedrosensis'' has a blue-grey foliose (leafy) thallus comprising individual flattened lobes that are wide. Pseudocyphellae are rare; dense isidia occur on the thallus surface. The thallus undersurface ranges in colour from pale tan to light to medium brown. Rhizines are abundant, evenly distributed, and range in colour from light brown to brownish-black. The conidia are unciform (hook-like), measuring 4–6 by 1 μm. The cortex contains atranorin and chlor ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Robert Shaw Egan
Robert "Bob" Shaw Egan (born 1945) is a botanist and lichenologist, specializing in the family Parmeliaceae. He was the president of the American Bryological and Lichenological Society from 1999 to 2001. Education and career Robert S. Egan graduated from the University of Colorado Boulder in 1967 with B.A., in 1969 with M.A., and in 1971 with Ph.D. He became an assistant professor at Castleton State College (now called Castleton University) and then from 1975 to 1979 was a faculty member at Texas A&M University. At the University of Nebraska Omaha he joined the faculty in 1979, was promoted to full professor in 1985, and retired there as professor emeritus. From 1989 to 1992 he was the chair of the botany department. Egan has collected lichens in the U.S., Canada, Mexico, Puerto Rico, Costa Rica, and Guatemala. He is the author or co-author of over 100 scientific publications. He maintains a lichen herbarium with about 17,000 specimens, together with a lichen exchange program. His ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tan (colour)
Tan is a pale tone of brown. The name is derived from tannum (oak bark) used in the tanning of leather. The first recorded use of ''tan'' as a color name in English was in the year 1590. Colors which are similar or may be considered synonymous to tan include: tawny, tenné, and fulvous. __TOC__ Variations of tan Sandy tan Displayed at right is the color ''Sandy tan''. This color was formulated by Crayola in 2000 as a Crayola marker color. Tan (Crayola) Displayed at right is the orangish tone of tan called ''tan'' since 1958 in Crayola crayons and 1990 in Crayola markers. Windsor tan Displayed at right is the color ''Windsor tan''. The first recorded use of ''Windsor tan'' as a color name in English was in 1925. Tuscan tan Displayed at right is the color ''Tuscan tan''. The first recorded use of ''Tuscan tan'' as a color name in English was in 1926. The normalized color coordinates for Tuscan tan are identical to café au lait and French beige, which ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lecanoric Acid
Lecanoric acid is a chemical produced by several species of lichen.ubChem - Lecanoric acid"> Lecanoric acid is classified as a polyphenol and a didepside and it functions as an antioxidant. The acid is named after the lichen ''Lecanora''. The acid has also been isolated from ''Usnea subvacata'', ''Parmotrema stuppuem'', ''Parmotrema tinctorum,'' '' Parmotrema grayana,'' Xanthoparmelia arida and Xanthoparmelia lecanorica. A related compound, 5-chlorolecanoric acid, is found in some species of ''Punctelia ''Punctelia'' is a genus of foliose lichens belonging to the large family Parmeliaceae. The genus, which contains about 50 species, was segregated from genus ''Parmelia'' in 1982. Characteristics that define ''Punctelia'' include the presence of ...''. References {{Reflist Polyphenols Benzoic acids Benzoate esters Lichen products ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Punctelia Rudecta
''Punctelia rudecta'', commonly known as the rough speckled shield or the speckleback lichen, is a North American species of foliose lichen in the family Parmeliaceae. This species can be readily identified by the light color of the thallus underside, the relatively large lobes at the edges of the thallus, and the tiny white pores present on the top of the thallus that are characteristic of the genus ''Punctelia''. The lichen is quite abundant and widespread in the eastern and southeastern United States, although it also occurs in Canada and northern Mexico, but is less common in these regions. The lichen usually grows on bark, and less commonly on shaded rocks. There are several lookalike ''Punctelia'' species; these can often be distinguished from ''P. rudecta'' by differences in distribution or in the nature of the reproductive structures present on the thallus. Although ''Punctelia rudecta'' was previously thought to have a much more expansive global distribution, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Constipatic Acid
Constipatic acid is a fatty acid found in several lichen species. It was isolated, identified, and named by Douglas Chester and John Alan Elix in a 1979 publication. The compound was extracted from the Australian leafy lichen called '' Xanthoparmelia constipata'' (after which the compound is named), which was collected on schist boulders west of Springton, South Australia. The related compounds protoconstipatic acid and dehydroconstipatic acid were also reported concurrently. Syo Kurokawa and Rex Filson had previously detected the compounds using thin-layer chromatography when they formally described the lichen as a new species in 1975, but had not characterised them chemically. After conversion of constipatic acid to methyl constipatate, a mass spectra of the compound revealed four diagnostic peaks at the mass-to-charge ratio (m/e) of 367, 338, 279 and 169. The peaks correspond to the cleavage of a methyl group, the 1-hydroxyethyl moiety, the methoxycarbonyl group (i.e. CH3- ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Medulla (lichenology)
The medulla is a horizontal layer within a lichen thallus. It is a loosely arranged layer of interlaced hyphae below the upper cortex and photobiont A lichen ( , ) is a composite organism that arises from algae or cyanobacteria living among filaments of multiple fungi species in a mutualistic relationship.Galloway, D.J. (1992). Flora of Australia - ''Lichen Glossary'' The medulla generally has a cottony appearance. It is the widest layer of a heteromerous lichen thallus. References Fungal morphology and anatomy Lichenology {{lichen-stub ...[...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Atranorin
Atranorin is a chemical substance produced by some species of lichen. It is a secondary metabolite belonging to a group of compounds known as depsides. Atranorin has analgesic, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antifungal, cytotoxic, antioxidant, antiviral, and immunomodulatory properties. In rare cases, people can react allergic Allergies, also known as allergic diseases, refer a number of conditions caused by the hypersensitivity of the immune system to typically harmless substances in the environment. These diseases include hay fever, food allergies, atopic derma ... to atranorin. References Further reading * * * * Polyphenols Lichen products {{organic-compound-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cortex (botany)
In botany, a cortex is an outer layer of a stem or root in a vascular plant, lying below the epidermis but outside of the vascular bundles. The cortex is composed mostly of large thin-walled parenchyma cells of the ground tissue system and shows little to no structural differentiation. The outer cortical cells often acquire irregularly thickened cell walls, and are called collenchyma cells. Plants Stems and branches In the three dimensional structure of herbaceous stems, the epidermis, cortex and vascular cambium form concentric cylinders around the inner cylindrical core of pith. Some of the outer cortical cells may contain chloroplasts, giving them a green color. They can therefore produce simple carbohydrates through photosynthesis. In woody plants, the cortex is located between the periderm (bark) and the vascular tissue (phloem, in particular). It is responsible for the transportation of materials into the central cylinder of the root through diffusion and may als ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
