|
Psilocybe Medullosa
''Psilocybe medullosa'' is a species of psychoactive mushroom. It was originally described in 1898 as ''Naucoria medullosa'' by Italian mycologist Giacomo Bresadola. Czech mycologist Jan Borovička transferred it to ''Psilocybe'' in 2007. A widespread but rather rare species, it is found in Europe, where it grows as a saprobe on woody debris and detritus. Chemical analysis has been used to confirm the presence of the psychedelic compounds psilocin and psilocybin in the fruit bodies but probably at low levels. ''Psilocybe silvatica'' is its American sister species; it differs by subtle changes in molecular markers (LSU, ITS rDNA, and others). See also * List of ''Psilocybe'' species *List of psilocybin mushrooms Psilocybin mushrooms are mushrooms which contain the hallucinogenic substances psilocybin, psilocin, baeocystin and norbaeocystin. The mushrooms are collected and grown as an entheogen and recreational drug, despite being illegal in many count ... References Exter ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bres
In Irish mythology, Bres (or Bress) was a king of the Tuatha Dé Danann. He is often referred to by the name Eochaid / Eochu Bres. He was an unpopular king, and favoured his Fomorian kin. Name ''Eochu Bres'' has been translated as "beautiful horseman." The scribes who wrote down the text of the Cath Maige Tuired record ''Bres'' as meaning 'beautiful', however, this may be a false etymology. The original meaning of ''Bres'' may have derived from a root meaning "fight," "blow," "effort," "uproar," or "din." Description In the ''Lebor Gabála'' and ''Cath Maige Tuired'', Bres is portrayed as beautiful to behold, yet harsh and inhospitable. However, the poem ''Carn Hui Neit'' from the ''dindsenchas'' praises Bres' "kindly" and "noble" character and calls him the "flower" of the Tuatha Dé Danann. There, the following flattering descriptions are provided for Bres: * gifted with excellences * master of love-spells * kindly friend * noble and fortunate * ornament of the host * with a v ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Psilocybe Silvatica
''Psilocybe silvatica'' is a psilocybin mushroom in the section ''Semilanceatae'' of the genus ''Psilocybe''. Psilocybin is the main active compound. The species is closely related to its European twin '' Psilocybe medullosa'', which differs genetically, and the American ''Psilocybe pelliculosa'', which can be distinguished by spore size and cheilocystidia shape. Cap: ¼"-13/16" broadly conic to bell shaped, and often with an acute reddish brown umbo. Tawny dark brown when moist, fading to pale yellow brown or gray brown and a striate margin. Surface smooth, viscid when moist from a thin gelatinous pellicle that is barely separable, if at all. Gills: narrowly to broadly attached, close or slightly wider spacing, grayish brown to cinnamon brown and smoky brown at maturity with white gill edges. Stem: ¾" - 3 3/16" tall 1/32-⅛" thick, equal to slightly enlarged at the base, brittle, tubular, and somewhat twisted. Pale to brownish under a whitish fibrillose covering. Partial ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Psychedelic Tryptamine Carriers
Psychedelics are a subclass of hallucinogenic drugs whose primary effect is to trigger non-ordinary states of consciousness (known as psychedelic experiences or "trips").Pollan, Michael (2018). ''How to Change Your Mind: What the New Science of Psychedelics Teaches Us About Consciousness, Dying, Addiction, Depression, and Transcendence'' Sometimes, they are called classic hallucinogens, serotonergic hallucinogens, or serotonergic psychedelics, and the term ''psychedelics'' is used more broadly to include all hallucinogens; this article uses the narrower definition of ''psychedelics''. Psychedelics cause specific psychological, visual, and auditory changes, and often a substantially altered state of consciousness.Leary, Timothy; Metzner, Ralph (1964). ''The Psychedelic Experience: A Manual Based on The Tibetan Book of the Dead'' Psychedelic states are often compared to meditative, psychodynamic or transcendental types of alterations of mind. The "classical" psychedelics, the psyc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Psychoactive Fungi
This is a list of psychoactive plants, fungi, and animals. Plants Psychoactive plants include, but are not limited to, the following examples: * ''Cannabis'': cannabinoids * Tobacco: nicotine and beta-carboline alkaloids * Coca: cocaine * Opium Poppy: morphine, codeine, thebaine, papaverine, noscapine, and narceine * '' Salvia divinorum'': salvinorin A * Khat: cathine and cathinone * Kava: kavalactones * Nutmeg: myristicin * Nightshade (''Solanaceae'') plants containing hyoscyamine, atropine, and scopolamine: ** ''Datura'' ** Deadly nightshade (''Atropa belladonna'') ** Henbane (''Hyoscyamus niger'') ** Mandrake (''Mandragora officinarum'') ** Other ''Solanaceae'' * Psychoactive cacti, which contain mainly mescaline: ** Peyote ** Other ''Lophophora'' ** Peruvian Torch cactus ** San Pedro cactus ** Other ''Echinopsis'' * Minimally psychoactive plants that contain mainly caffeine and theobromine: ** Coffee ** Tea (also contains theanine) ** Guarana ** Yerba Mate ** Coc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fungi Described In 1898
A fungus ( : fungi or funguses) is any member of the group of eukaryotic organisms that includes microorganisms such as yeasts and molds, as well as the more familiar mushrooms. These organisms are classified as a kingdom, separately from the other eukaryotic kingdoms, which by one traditional classification include Plantae, Animalia, Protozoa, and Chromista. A characteristic that places fungi in a different kingdom from plants, bacteria, and some protists is chitin in their cell walls. Fungi, like animals, are heterotrophs; they acquire their food by absorbing dissolved molecules, typically by secreting digestive enzymes into their environment. Fungi do not photosynthesize. Growth is their means of mobility, except for spores (a few of which are flagellated), which may travel through the air or water. Fungi are the principal decomposers in ecological systems. These and other differences place fungi in a single group of related organisms, named the ''Eumycota'' (''true fungi' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Entheogens
Entheogens are psychoactive substances that induce alterations in perception, mood, consciousness, cognition, or behavior for the purposes of engendering spiritual development or otherwiseRätsch, Christian, ''The Encyclopedia of Psychoactive Plants: Ethnopharmacology and Its Applications'' pub. Park Street Press 2005 in sacred contexts. Anthropological study has established that entheogens are used for religious, magical, shamanic, or spiritual purposes in many parts of the world. Entheogens have traditionally been used to supplement many diverse practices geared towards achieving transcendence, including divination, meditation, yoga, sensory deprivation, healings, asceticism, prayer, trance, rituals, chanting, imitation of sounds, hymns like peyote songs, drumming, and ecstatic dance. The psychedelic experience is often compared to non-ordinary forms of consciousness such as those experienced in meditation, near-death experiences, and mystical experiences. Ego dissolu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Psilocybin Mushrooms
Psilocybin mushrooms are mushrooms which contain the hallucinogenic substances psilocybin, psilocin, baeocystin and norbaeocystin. The mushrooms are collected and grown as an entheogen and recreational drug, despite being illegal in many countries. Many psilocybin mushrooms are in the genus '' Psilocybe'', but species across several other genera contain the drugs. General * ''Conocybe'' * ''Galerina'' * ''Gymnopilus'' * ''Inocybe'' * ''Panaeolus'' * ''Pholiotina'' * ''Pluteus'' * ''Psilocybe'' ''Conocybe'' *'' Conocybe siligineoides'' R. Heim *''Conocybe velutipes'' ( Velen.) Hauskn. & Svrcek ''Galerina'' *'' Galerina steglichii'' Besl ''Gymnopilus'' *''Gymnopilus aeruginosus'' (Peck) Singer (photo) *'' Gymnopilus braendlei'' (Peck) Hesler *''Gymnopilus cyanopalmicola'' Guzm.-Dáv *''Gymnopilus dilepis'' (Berk. & Broome) Singer *''Gymnopilus dunensis'' H. Bashir, Jabeen & Khalid *''Gymnopilus intermedius'' (Singer) Singer *''Gymnopilus lateritius'' (Pat.) Murrill *''Gymn ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Psilocybe Species
This is a list of species in the agaric genus ''Psilocybe''. __NOTOC__ A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V U W X Y Z A *'' Psilocybe acadiensis'' (Smith) *''Psilocybe acutipilea'' (Speg.) Guzmán, psychoactive * ''Psilocybe aerugineomaculans'' (Hohn.) Singer & A.H. Smith * ''Psilocybe allenii'' Borov., Rockefeller & P.G.Werner * ''Psilocybe alutacea'' Y.S. Chang & A.K. Mills *''Psilocybe angulospora'' Yen W. Wang & S.S. Tzean * ''Psilocybe angustipleurocystidiata'' Guzmán, psychoactive * ''Psilocybe antioquiensis'' Guzmán, Saldarr., Pineda, G. Garcia & L.-F. Velazquez, psychoactive * '' Psilocybe atlantis'' Guzmán, Hanlin & C. White, psychoactive * ''Psilocybe aquamarina'' (Pegler) Guzmán * ''Psilocybe araucariicola'' P. S. Silva, likely psychoactive * ''Psilocybe aucklandiae'' Guzmán, C.C. King & Bandala, psychoactive * ''Psilocybe aztecorum'' R. Heim ** ''Psilocybe aztecorum'' var. ''bonetii'' (Guzman) Guzmán (a.k.a. ''Psilocybe bonet ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Basidiocarp
In fungi, a basidiocarp, basidiome, or basidioma () is the sporocarp of a basidiomycete, the multicellular structure on which the spore-producing hymenium is borne. Basidiocarps are characteristic of the hymenomycetes; rusts and smuts do not produce such structures. As with other sporocarps, epigeous (above-ground) basidiocarps that are visible to the naked eye (especially those with a more or less agaricoid morphology) are commonly referred to as mushrooms, while hypogeous (underground) basidiocarps are usually called false truffles. Structure All basidiocarps serve as the structure on which the hymenium is produced. Basidia are found on the surface of the hymenium, and the basidia ultimately produce spores. In its simplest form, a basidiocarp consists of an undifferentiated fruiting structure with a hymenium on the surface; such a structure is characteristic of many simple jelly and club fungi. In more complex basidiocarps, there is differentiation into a stipe, a pileus ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Psychoactive Mushroom
A mushroom or toadstool is the fleshy, spore-bearing fruiting body of a fungus, typically produced above ground, on soil, or on its food source. ''Toadstool'' generally denotes one poisonous to humans. The standard for the name "mushroom" is the cultivated white button mushroom, ''Agaricus bisporus''; hence the word "mushroom" is most often applied to those fungi (Basidiomycota, Agaricomycetes) that have a stem ( stipe), a cap ( pileus), and gills (lamellae, sing. lamella) on the underside of the cap. "Mushroom" also describes a variety of other gilled fungi, with or without stems, therefore the term is used to describe the fleshy fruiting bodies of some Ascomycota. These gills produce microscopic spores that help the fungus spread across the ground or its occupant surface. Forms deviating from the standard morphology usually have more specific names, such as "bolete", "puffball", "stinkhorn", and "morel", and gilled mushrooms themselves are often called "agarics" in reference ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Psilocybin
Psilocybin ( , ) is a naturally occurring psychedelic prodrug compound produced by more than 200 species of fungi. The most potent are members of the genus ''Psilocybe'', such as '' P. azurescens'', '' P. semilanceata'', and '' P. cyanescens'', but psilocybin has also been isolated from about a dozen other genera. Psilocybin is itself biologically inactive but is quickly converted by the body to psilocin, which has mind-altering effects similar, in some aspects, to those of LSD, mescaline, and DMT. In general, the effects include euphoria, visual and mental hallucinations, changes in perception, a distorted sense of time, and perceived spiritual experiences. It can also cause adverse reactions such as nausea and panic attacks. Imagery found on prehistoric murals and rock paintings of modern-day Spain and Algeria suggests that human usage of psilocybin mushrooms predates recorded history. In Mesoamerica, the mushrooms had long been consumed in spiritual and div ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Psilocin
Psilocin (also known as 4-HO-DMT, 4-hydroxy DMT, psilocine, psilocyn, or psilotsin) is a substituted tryptamine alkaloid and a serotonergic psychedelic substance. It is present in most psychedelic mushrooms together with its phosphorylated counterpart psilocybin. Psilocin is a Schedule I drug under the Convention on Psychotropic Substances. Acting on the 5-HT2A receptors, psilocin modulates the production and reuptake of serotonin. The mind-altering effects of psilocin are highly variable and subjective and resemble those of LSD and DMT. Chemistry Psilocin and its phosphorylated cousin, psilocybin, were first isolated and named in 1958 by Swiss chemist Albert Hofmann. Hofmann obtained the chemicals from laboratory-grown specimens of the entheogenic mushroom ''Psilocybe mexicana''. Hofmann also succeeded in finding synthetic routes to these chemicals. Psilocin can be obtained by dephosphorylation of natural psilocybin under strongly acidic or under alkaline conditions (hyd ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
.JPG "Click for more on -> Psychoactive Mushroom")
