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Pressburg Yeshiva (Austria-Hungary)
The Pressburg Yeshiva, was the largest and most influential Yeshiva in Central Europe in the 19th century. It was founded in the city of Pressburg, Austrian Empire (today Bratislava, Slovakia) by Rabbi Moshe Sofer (known as the ''Chasam Sofer'' or ''Chatam Sofer'' ) and was considered the largest Yeshiva since the time of the Babylonian Talmud. Leadership Rabbi Moshe Sofer (Chassam Sofer) Some sources document its establishment in 1803 whilst others cite 1806. The Yeshiva was known as ''The Chassam Sofer Yeshiva'', or simply as ''Pressburg Yeshiva''. The Pressburg Yeshiva was run as an autonomous institution, without the intervention of the community.The Story of the Jewish Community in Bratislava - The Pressburg Yeshiva < ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bratislava
Bratislava (, also ; ; german: Preßburg/Pressburg ; hu, Pozsony) is the Capital city, capital and largest city of Slovakia. Officially, the population of the city is about 475,000; however, it is estimated to be more than 660,000 — approximately 140% of the official figures. Bratislava is in southwestern Slovakia at the foot of the Little Carpathians, occupying both banks of the River Danube and the left bank of the Morava (river), River Morava. Bordering Austria and Hungary, it is the only national capital that borders two sovereign states. The city's history has been influenced by people of many nations and religions, including Austrians, Bulgarians, Croats, Czechs, Germans, Hungarian people, Hungarians, Jews, Romani people, Romani, Serbs and Slovaks. It was the coronation site and legislative center and capital of the Kingdom of Hungary from 1536 to 1783; eleven King of Hungary, Hungarian kings and eight queens were crowned in St Martin's Cathedral, Bratislava, St Martin' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yeshiva
A yeshiva (; he, ישיבה, , sitting; pl. , or ) is a traditional Jewish educational institution focused on the study of Rabbinic literature, primarily the Talmud and halacha (Jewish law), while Torah and Jewish philosophy are studied in parallel. The studying is usually done through daily ''shiurim'' (lectures or classes) as well as in study pairs called '' chavrusas'' (Aramaic for 'friendship' or 'companionship'). ''Chavrusa''-style learning is one of the unique features of the yeshiva. In the United States and Israel, different levels of yeshiva education have different names. In the United States, elementary-school students enroll in a ''cheder'', post- bar mitzvah-age students learn in a ''metivta'', and undergraduate-level students learn in a ''beit midrash'' or ''yeshiva gedola'' ( he, ישיבה גדולה, , large yeshiva' or 'great yeshiva). In Israel, elementary-school students enroll in a ''Talmud Torah'' or ''cheder'', post-bar mitzvah-age students l ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Abraham Judah Ha-Kohen Schwartz
Abraham Judah ha-Kohen Schwartz ( hu, Schwartz Ábrahám; 1824–1883), also known by his responsa as the Kol Aryeh, was one of the leading Hungarian rabbis of the nineteenth century. He was a student of Moses Sofer and Benjamin Wolf Low. From 1861 to 1881 he served as the Rabbi of Beregszasz, Hungary and then until 1883 in his native town of Mad. He was an active participant in the rabbinical gathering in Nagymihaly in 1866 and at the congress held in Budapest in 1869. Although Rabbi Schwartz studied in the Pressburg Yeshiva whose leaders were opposed to Hasidism, he became deeply attached to Hasidism after a visit he made to Chaim Halberstam, the founder of the Sanz hasidic dynasty. His son Naftali Schwartz (1843–1896) succeeded him as rav of Mád Mád ( yi, מאדע ''Made'') is a village in Borsod-Abaúj-Zemplén County in northeastern Hungary. The former Jewish synagogue in Mád was restored between 2000 and 2004 with aid from the World Monuments Fund World Monu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Simcha Bunim Sofer
''Simcha'' ( he, שִׂמְחָה ; , ) is a Hebrew word that means gladness, or joy, and is often used as a given name. Uses The concept of simcha is an important one in Jewish philosophy. A popular teaching by Rabbi Nachman of Breslov, a 19th-century Chassidic Rabbi, is "''Mitzvah Gedolah Le'hiyot Besimcha Tamid''," it is a great mitzvah (commandment) to always be in a state of happiness. When a person is happy one is much more capable of serving God and going about one's daily activities than when depressed or upset. Jews often use ''simcha'' in its capacity as a Hebrew and Yiddish noun meaning festive occasion. The term is used for any happy occasion, such as a wedding, Bar Mitzvah or engagement. Holidays The day of Simchat Torah, "Rejoice in the Law", marks the completion and beginning of the annual cycle of reading the Torah. Other uses Simcha is also the name of a kosher beer from Saxony, Germany. It was also a slang term used in Jewish-American organized crime circles ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Orthodox Jewish Congregations Of America
Orthodox, Orthodoxy, or Orthodoxism may refer to: Religion * Orthodoxy, adherence to accepted norms, more specifically adherence to creeds, especially within Christianity and Judaism, but also less commonly in non-Abrahamic religions like Neo-paganism or Hinduism Christian Traditional Christian denominations * Eastern Orthodox Church, the world's second largest Christian church, that accepts seven Ecumenical Councils *Oriental Orthodox Churches, a Christian communion that accepts three Ecumenical Councils Modern denominations * True Orthodox Churches, also called Old Calendarists, a movement that separated from the mainstream Eastern Orthodox Church in the 1920s over issues of ecumenism and calendar reform * Reformed Orthodoxy (16th–18th century), a systematized, institutionalized and codified Reformed theology * Neo-orthodoxy, a theological position also known as ''dialectical theology'' * Paleo-orthodoxy, (20th–21st century), a movement in the United States focusing on ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Philip Klein (rabbi)
Philip Klein (May 22, 1849 – March 21, 1926) was a Hungarian-born rabbi who ministered in the Russian Empire and America. Life Klein was born on May 22, 1849, in Baracska, Hungary, the son of Hermann Klein. Klein began studying at the Pressburg Yeshiva when he was twelve and spent the next four years there. He then went to Azriel Hildesheimer's Yeshiva in Halberstadt when he was sixteen. He was appointed dean of a department in the Yeshiva shortly afterwards and spent two years there. He then went to Vienna, and in 1868 he entered the gymnasium there. He later studied at the University of Vienna. With the encouragement of Hildesheimer (who by then became Chief Rabbi of Berlin), he moved to Berlin, Germany and enrolled in the Hildesheimer Rabbinical Seminary and the University of Berlin. He received his rabbinical ordination in 1871 and a Ph.D. from the University of Berlin in 1873. He spent some time as an instructor at the University of Berlin, and then accepted a position ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yosef Chaim Sonnenfeld
Yosef Chaim Sonnenfeld, also spelled Zonnenfeld (1 December 1848 – 26 February 1932), was the rabbi and co-founder of the Edah HaChareidis, a Haredi Jewish community in Jerusalem, during the years of the British Mandate of Palestine. He was originally given the name "Chaim"; however, the name "Yosef" was added to him while he experienced an illness. Sonnenfeld was born in Verbó in the Austrian Empire. His father, Rabbi Avraham Shlomo Zonnenfeld, died when Chaim was five years old. Sonnenfeld was a student of Rabbi Samuel Benjamin Sofer (the ''Ksav Sofer''), the son of Rabbi Moses Sofer (the ''Chasam Sofer''). He was also a student of Rabbi Avraham Schag in Kobersdorf (who was himself a disciple of the Chasam Sofer); Sonnenfeld moved from the latter city to Jerusalem in 1873. Sonnenfeld became an important figure in Jerusalem's Old City, serving as the right-hand man of Rabbi Yehoshua Leib Diskin and assisting the latter in communal activities, such as the founding of sc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ignaz Grossmann
Ignaz Grossmann (July 30, 1825 – March 19, 1897) was a Hungarian-born rabbi who ministered in Moravia, Croatia, and America. Life Grossmann was born on July 30, 1825 in Trencsen, Hungary. Three of his sons, Louis Grossmann of Cincinnati, Ohio, Rudolph Grossman of New York City, New York, and Julius Grossmann of Ipolysagh, Hungary, were rabbis. Grossmann attended the Pressburg Yeshiva. He served as rabbi of Koritschan, Moravia from 1863 to 1866 and of Warasdin, Croatia from 1866 to 1873. In the latter year, he immigrated to America and became rabbi of Congregation Beth Elohim in Brooklyn, New York. He then became rabbi of Congregation B'nai Abraham in Chicago, Illinois in 1876. He also served as rabbi in Kansas City, Missouri. He retired as rabbi when his wife died, at which point he began writing translations of the Talmud and Midrash that were published in the ''Deborah'', which he was a frequent contributor to. He also wrote "Drei Predigten" in 1868, "Die Sprache der Wah ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rosh Yeshiva
Rosh yeshiva ( he, ראש ישיבה, pl. he, ראשי ישיבה, '; Anglicized pl. ''rosh yeshivas'') is the title given to the dean of a yeshiva, a Jewish educational institution that focuses on the study of traditional religious texts, primarily the Talmud and the Torah, and ''halakha'' (Jewish law). The general role of the rosh yeshiva is to oversee the Talmudic studies and practical matters. The rosh yeshiva will often give the highest ''shiur'' (class) and is also the one to decide whether to grant permission for students to undertake classes for rabbinical ordination, known as ''semicha''. The term is a compound of the Hebrew words ''rosh'' ("head") and ''yeshiva'' (a school of religious Jewish education). The rosh yeshiva is required to have a comprehensive knowledge of the Talmud and the ability to analyse and present new perspectives, called ''chidushim'' (novellae) verbally and often in print. In some institutions, such as YU's Rabbi Isaac Elchanan Theological Semin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Schiff Shul
__NOTOC__ Khal Adas Yisroel, usually referred to as the Schiff Shul, was the main Orthodox synagogue in Vienna prior to the Holocaust. The synagogue no longer exists since it was destroyed by the Nazis on Kristallnacht. A building that was adjacent to the Schiffshul and was part of its complex remains. A small shul currently exists in this building that is called ''Bet Hamidrasch Khal Chassidim'' and is led by Rabbi Avraham Yona Schwartz. The upper level of the building has been functioning as a yeshiva since the 1940s and is headed by Rabbi Michoel Pressburger. It also serves as temporary spiritual refuge to thousands of Jewish refugees from Iran who have transited through Vienna over the past 30 years. There is a memorial plaque at this site that states "This Jewish place of worship was destroyed by the Nazis in the pogrom of November 1938." The Synagogue was located on Grosse Schiffgasse 8 in the second district of Vienna known as Leopoldstadt. History With the constitu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
