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Prehensile-tailed Porcupine
The prehensile-tailed porcupines or coendous (genus ''Coendou'') are found in Central and South America. Two other formerly recognized Neotropical tree porcupine genera, ''Echinoprocta'' and ''Sphiggurus'', have been subsumed into ''Coendou'', since ''Sphiggurus'' was shown by genetic studies to be polyphyletic, while ''Echinoprocta'' nested within ''Coendou''. Characteristics Among the most notable features of ''Coendou'' porcupines are their unspined prehensile tails. The front and hind feet are also modified for grasping. These limbs all contribute to making this animal an adept climber, an adaptation to living most of their lives in trees. They feed on leaves, shoots, fruits, bark, roots, and buds. They can be pests of plantation crops. They also make a distinctive "baby-like" sound to communicate in the wild. Their young are born with soft hair that hardens to quills with age. Adults are slow-moving and will roll into a ball when threatened and on the ground. The record ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pleistocene
The Pleistocene ( , often referred to as the ''Ice age'') is the geological Epoch (geology), epoch that lasted from about 2,580,000 to 11,700 years ago, spanning the Earth's most recent period of repeated glaciations. Before a change was finally confirmed in 2009 by the International Union of Geological Sciences, the cutoff of the Pleistocene and the preceding Pliocene was regarded as being 1.806 million years Before Present (BP). Publications from earlier years may use either definition of the period. The end of the Pleistocene corresponds with the end of the last glacial period and also with the end of the Paleolithic age used in archaeology. The name is a combination of Ancient Greek grc, label=none, πλεῖστος, pleīstos, most and grc, label=none, καινός, kainós (latinized as ), 'new'. At the end of the preceding Pliocene, the previously isolated North and South American continents were joined by the Isthmus of Panama, causing Great American Interchang ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Leaf
A leaf ( : leaves) is any of the principal appendages of a vascular plant stem, usually borne laterally aboveground and specialized for photosynthesis. Leaves are collectively called foliage, as in "autumn foliage", while the leaves, stem, flower, and fruit collectively form the shoot system. In most leaves, the primary photosynthetic tissue is the palisade mesophyll and is located on the upper side of the blade or lamina of the leaf but in some species, including the mature foliage of ''Eucalyptus'', palisade mesophyll is present on both sides and the leaves are said to be isobilateral. Most leaves are flattened and have distinct upper (adaxial) and lower ( abaxial) surfaces that differ in color, hairiness, the number of stomata (pores that intake and output gases), the amount and structure of epicuticular wax and other features. Leaves are mostly green in color due to the presence of a compound called chlorophyll that is essential for photosynthesis as it absorbs light ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Paraguaian Hairy Dwarf Porcupine
The Paraguaian hairy dwarf porcupine (''Coendou spinosus'') is a porcupine species from the family Erethizontidae. It is found in Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay and Uruguay. They have a short tail and gray brown quills and feed on fruits, ant pupae, vegetables and roots. This species was formerly sometimes assigned to ''Sphiggurus'', a genus no longer recognized since genetic studies showed it to be polyphyletic. The population formerly recognized as the orange-spined hairy dwarf porcupine (''Sphiggurus villosus'') has been reclassified to this species. Its closest relatives are the bicolored-spined porcupine (''Coendou bicolor'') and the black dwarf porcupine (''Coendou nycthemera''). References *John F. Eisenberg and Kent H. Redford, 2000. Mammals of Neotropics: Ecuador, Bolivia and Brazil. Coendou Mammals described in 1822 Taxa named by Georges Cuvier {{rodent-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stump-tailed Porcupine
The stump-tailed porcupine (''Coendou rufescens'') is a species of rodent in the family Erethizontidae. It is found mainly in Colombia, with a few records from Ecuador. This species was formerly sometimes assigned to ''Echinoprocta'', a genus no longer recognized since genetic studies showed it to nest within ''Coendou''. Its closest relative is the Andean porcupine (''Coendou quichua''). References Mammals described in 1865 Taxa named by John Edward Gray Coendou Mammals of Colombia Taxonomy articles created by Polbot {{rodent-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Roosmalen's Dwarf Porcupine
Roosmalen's dwarf porcupine (''Coendou roosmalenorum'') is a porcupine species from the New World porcupine family likely endemic to northern Brazil. Only three specimens were known at the time, and only one had a collection locality. It is named for Marc van Roosmalen and his son Tomas, whose collections from the middle Madeira included the first known specimens. It was soon assigned to the genus ''Sphiggurus'', although this genus was not recognized by the authors. Genetic studies in 2013 have since showed ''Sphiggurus'' to be polyphyletic (this taxon was omitted from the study). Nonetheless it is commonly classified as ''Sphiggurus roosmalenorum''. ''Coendou roosmalenorum'' may be misspelled Spelling is a set of conventions that regulate the way of using graphemes (writing system) to represent a language in its written language, written form. In other words, spelling is the rendering of speech sound (phoneme) into writing (grapheme) ... due to a conflicting basionym combi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Frosted Hairy Dwarf Porcupine
The frosted hairy dwarf porcupine (''Coendou pruinosus'') is a porcupine species in the family Erethizontidae from Colombia and northern and eastern Venezuela. It was formerly sometimes assigned to ''Sphiggurus'', a genus no longer recognized since genetic studies showed it to be polyphyletic. The species lives in lowland tropical rainforest and cloud forest at elevations from . Its karyotype has 2n = 42 and FN = 76. Its closest relative is the brown hairy dwarf porcupine The brown hairy dwarf porcupine (''Coendou vestitus'') is a species of rodent in the family Erethizontidae. Found in the Andes in Colombia and Venezuela, its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests. It is not easy ... (''Coendou vestitus''). References Natureserve.org Coendou Mammals described in 1905 Taxa named by Oldfield Thomas {{rodent-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Amazonian Long-tailed Porcupine
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Amazonian may refer to: *Amazonian (Mars), a geologic system and time period on the planet Mars *Amazon River, in South America **Amazon basin, that river's drainage basin **Amazon rainforest, rainforest covering most of the Amazon Basin *Relating to the Amazons, female warrior tribe in Greek mythology *Amazonian, an employee of the company Amazon.com *Amazonian, a fictional species in the ''Futurama'' episode "Amazon Women in the Mood" *Amazonians, people who live in the Amazon basin **Indigenous peoples in Brazil See also *Amazon (other) Amazon most often refers to: * Amazons, a tribe of female warriors in Greek mythology * Amazon rainforest, a rainforest covering most of the Amazon basin * Amazon River, in South America * Amazon (company), an American multinational technology co ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mexican Hairy Dwarf Porcupine
The Mexican hairy dwarf porcupine or Mexican tree porcupine (''Coendou mexicanus'') is a species of rodent in the family Erethizontidae. It is found in Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Panama, Mexico, Nicaragua and Belize.Biodiversity and Environmental Resource Data System of Beliz"''Sphiggurus mexicanus'' specimen records". Accessed on 5 March 2014. This species was formerly sometimes assigned to ''Sphiggurus'', a genus no longer recognized since genetic studies showed it to be polyphyletic. Its closest relatives are the Andean porcupine (''Coendou quichua'') and the stump-tailed porcupine (''Coendou rufescens''). Description This porcupine has a pale head and a dark-coloured body. The head-and-body length ranges between about , with a tail ranging from . The maximum weight is about . This porcupine is covered with short yellowish spines but these are almost entirely obscured by the long black hair on the body. Sometimes the spines on the shoulders and back are vis ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Black-tailed Hairy Dwarf Porcupine
The black-tailed hairy dwarf porcupine (''Coendou melanurus'') is a porcupine species from the family Erethizontidae. It is found in Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, French Guiana, Guyana, Suriname and Venezuela. This species was formerly sometimes assigned to ''Sphiggurus'', a genus no longer recognized since genetic studies showed it to be polyphyletic. Its closest relatives are the frosted hairy dwarf porcupine (''Coendou pruinosus''), the brown hairy dwarf porcupine (''Coendou vestitus'') and the streaked dwarf porcupine (''Coendou ichillus''). References Natureserve.org Mammals of Brazil Mammals of Colombia Mammals of Ecuador Mammals of French Guiana Mammals of Guyana Mammals of Suriname Mammals of Venezuela Coendou Mammals described in 1842 {{rodent-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bahia Porcupine
The Bahia porcupine (''Coendou insidiosus''), is a New World porcupine species in the family Erethizontidae endemic to the Atlantic Forest of southeastern Brazil. It was formerly sometimes assigned to ''Sphiggurus'', a genus no longer recognized since genetic studies showed it to be polyphyletic. ''Sphiggurus pallidus'', formerly considered a separate species but known from two young specimens only, is a synonym (taxonomy), synonym of this species. References Natureserve.org Coendou Rodents of South America Mammals of Brazil Endemic fauna of Brazil Mammals described in 1818 Taxa named by Ignaz von Olfers {{rodent-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Streaked Dwarf Porcupine
The streaked dwarf porcupine (''Coendou ichillus'') is a porcupine species in the family Erethizontidae. It is known from the lowlands (below an altitude of 400 m) of eastern Ecuador, and may be present in Peru as well. It appears to be nocturnal and arboreal in its habits. This species was formerly sometimes assigned to ''Sphiggurus'', a genus no longer recognized since genetic studies showed it to be polyphyletic. Its closest relatives are the frosted hairy dwarf porcupine (''Coendou pruinosus'') and the brown hairy dwarf porcupine The brown hairy dwarf porcupine (''Coendou vestitus'') is a species of rodent in the family Erethizontidae. Found in the Andes in Colombia and Venezuela, its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests. It is not easy to stu ... (''Coendou vestitus''). References Natureserve.org Coendou Mammals of Ecuador Mammals described in 2001 {{rodent-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Longevity
The word " longevity" is sometimes used as a synonym for "life expectancy" in demography. However, the term ''longevity'' is sometimes meant to refer only to especially long-lived members of a population, whereas ''life expectancy'' is always defined statistically as the average number of years remaining at a given age. For example, a population's life expectancy at birth is the same as the average age at death for all people born in the same year (in the case of cohorts). Longevity is best thought of as a term for general audiences meaning 'typical length of life' and specific statistical definitions should be clarified when necessary. Reflections on longevity have usually gone beyond acknowledging the brevity of human life and have included thinking about methods to extend life. Longevity has been a topic not only for the scientific community but also for writers of travel, science fiction, and utopia A utopia ( ) typically describes an imaginary community or society that ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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