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Portuguese Vocabulary
Most of the Portuguese vocabulary comes from Latin because Portuguese is a Romance language. However, other languages that came into contact with it have also left their mark. In the thirteenth century, the lexicon of Portuguese had about 80% words of Latin origin and 20% of pre-Roman Gallaecian and Celtiberian, Germanic, Greek and Arabic origin. Pre-Roman languages of Portugal Traces of the languages from native peoples of western Iberia (Gallaeci, Lusitanians, Celtici or Conii) persist in Portuguese, as shown below. Most of the pre-Roman placenames or rivers in Portugal originate from the Hispano-Celtic Gallaecian and Celtiberian languages. There are also a few Iberian, Basque and Tartessian components in Portuguese. List of Portuguese words of Iberian and Basque origin Iberian-Basque * ''manteiga'' "butter" ***Uncertain origin, possibly Lat. ''mantica'' Projections on Iberian vocabulary, toponyms and derivations in Portuguese, indicate just a few dozen words in to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Latin Language
Latin (, or , ) is a classical language belonging to the Italic languages, Italic branch of the Indo-European languages. Latin was originally a dialect spoken in the lower Tiber area (then known as Latium) around present-day Rome, but through the power of the Roman Republic it became the dominant language in the Italy (geographical region), Italian region and subsequently throughout the Roman Empire. Even after the Fall of the Western Roman Empire, fall of Western Rome, Latin remained the common language of international communication, science, scholarship and academia in Europe until well into the 18th century, when other regional vernaculars (including its own descendants, the Romance languages) supplanted it in common academic and political usage, and it eventually became a dead language in the modern linguistic definition. Latin is a fusional language, highly inflected language, with three distinct grammatical gender, genders (masculine, feminine, and neuter), six or seven ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Military Campaign
A military campaign is large-scale long-duration significant military strategy plan incorporating a series of interrelated military operations or battles forming a distinct part of a larger conflict often called a war. The term derives from the plain of Campania, a place of annual wartime operations by the armies of the Roman Republic. Definition 1. A military campaign denotes the time during which a given military force conducts combat operations in a given area (often referred to as AO, area of operation). A military campaign may be executed by either a single Armed Service, or as a combined services campaign conducted by land, naval, air, cyber and space forces. 2. The purpose of a military campaign is to achieve a particular desired resolution of a military conflict as its strategic goal. This is constrained by resources, geography and/or season. A campaign is measured relative to the technology used by the belligerents to achieve goals, and while in the pre-industrial E ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Koldo Mitxelena
Koldo Mitxelena Elissalt () (also known as ''Luis Michelena''; 1915, Errenteria, Gipuzkoa – 11 October 1987, San Sebastián) was an eminent Basque linguist. He taught in the Department of Philology at the University of the Basque Country, and was a member of the Royal Academy of the Basque Language. He is described as "the greatest scholar the Basque language has ever seen."Max W. Wheeler's introduction to the ''Basque etymological dictionary'', p. 9 He is known for the complete reconstruction of Proto-Basque he undertook in the 1950s, as well as the formal demonstration in 1954 that the Aquitanian language was an ancestral form of Basque. Mitxelena was also one of the main participants in the creation of "Euskara Batua" or Standard Basque. In 1987 he was declared ''Seme Kuttun'' of the City of Errenteria, literally 'beloved son'. Life Childhood and adolescence Mitxelena was born into a family engaged in industrial crafts. When still a child, illness kept him bed-rid ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aquitanian Language
The Aquitanian language was the language of the ancient Aquitani, spoken on both sides of the western Pyrenees in ancient Aquitaine (approximately between the Pyrenees and the Garonne, in the region later known as Gascony) and in the areas south of the Pyrenees in the valleys of the Basque Country before the Roman conquest. It probably survived in Aquitania north of the Pyrenees until the Early Middle Ages. Archaeological, toponymical, and historical evidence shows that it was a language or group of languages that represent a precursor of the Basque language. The most important pieces of evidence are a series of votive and funerary texts in Latin, dated to the first three centuries AD, which contain about 400 personal names and 70 names of gods. History Aquitanian and its modern relative, Basque, are commonly thought to be Pre-Indo-European languages, remnants of the languages spoken in Western Europe before the arrival of Indo-European speakers. Some claims have been made ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Semen (anthroponym)
Semen / ʂemen/ or Xemen / ʃemen/ is a medieval Basque given name of the Vasconic area. It is based on the Basque root ''seme < senbe'' 'son' as found in the ancient Aquitanian name ''Sembetten'', attested form "sehi" as 'child', hypothetical ancient root *seni (cf. and modern form "senide" = 'brother or sister', 'relative'). The explanation by the Biblical name Šim’ōn () is less convincing. Some think the name may be a corruption of the later part of the Latin name ''Ma-ximinus'', as there are late Classic records ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Etxeberria
Etxeberria (, modern Basque spelling) is a Basque language placename and surname from the Basque Country in Spain and France, meaning 'the new house'. It shows one meaningful variant, Etxeberri (no Basque article ''–a'', 'the'), and a number of later spelling variants produced in Spanish and other languages. Etxebarri(a) is a western Basque dialectal variant, with the same etymology. Etxarri (Echarri) is attested as stemming from ''Etxaberri''.Michelena, L. (1973) ''Apellidos vascos'' (5th edition), Txertoa: 1997. p. 13 The original surname is often associated with the construction of new farms (''baserri'') after the introduction of New World crops like maize and potatoes. In many Basque areas, the surname ''Etxeberri(a)'' was formerly associated to the naturalized Roma people, while in the French Basque Country it was sometimes translated to Gascon ''Casenave''/''Cazenave''. Spellings and dialectal distribution ''Etxebarri(a)'' variants hail from Biscay, most of northern Á ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Xavier (given Name)
The given name Xavier (, , , , ; es, Javier ; eu, Xabier ) is a masculine name derived from the 16th-century Spanish Navarrese Roman Catholic Saint Francis Xavier. Etymology Xavier comes from the name of the Jesuit missionary saint Francis Xavier, where ''Xavier'' stands for his birthplace of Javier (''Xabier'' in Basque; ''Xavier'' in Old Spanish) in the Kingdom of Navarre. The toponym is itself the romanization of the Basque place-name (and surname) '' etxe berri'', meaning 'castle', 'new house' or 'new home'. People Arts * Xavier Abraham (born 1945), Spanish poet * Xavier Abril (1905–1990), Peruvian poet *Xavier Armange (born 1947), French writer and illustrator * Xavier Arsène-Henry (1919–2009), French modernist architect and urban planner *Xavier Atencio (1919–2017), American animator for The Walt Disney Company * Xavier Barbier de Montault (1830–1901), French liturgical writer *Xavier Blum Pinto (born 1957), Ecuadorian artist *Xavier Boniface Saintine (1798–1865 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Inácio (given Name)
Inácio is a common Spanish/Portuguese given name (previously spelled "Ignácio"; "Inácio" is modern orthography) and occasionally a surname. Examples as a surname include: *Alisha Inacio, American professional wrestler and manager *Augusto Inácio, former Portuguese football player *Bankrol Hayden, American rapper born as Hayden Inacio *Justin Inacio, Canadian professional lacrosse player * Piá, real name João Batista Inácio, Brazilian football player *Joelson, real name Joelson José Inácio, Brazilian football player Examples as a given name include: *Lula, real name Luiz Inácio da Silva, president of Brazil *Manuel Inácio da Silva Alvarenga, Brazilian poet *Inácio Carneiro dos Santos (born 1996), Brazilian footballer known simply as ''Inácio'' See also *Ignacio Ignacio is a male Spanish language, Spanish and Galician Language, Galician name originating either from the Roman family name Egnatius (other), Egnatius, meaning born from the fire, of Etruscan or ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Middle Welsh
Middle Welsh ( cy, Cymraeg Canol, wlm, Kymraec) is the label attached to the Welsh language of the 12th to 15th centuries, of which much more remains than for any earlier period. This form of Welsh developed directly from Old Welsh ( cy, Hen Gymraeg). Literature and history Middle Welsh is the language of nearly all surviving early manuscripts of the ''Mabinogion'', although the tales themselves are certainly much older. It is also the language of most of the manuscripts of Welsh law. Middle Welsh is reasonably intelligible, albeit with some work, to a modern-day Welsh speaker. Phonology The phonology of Middle Welsh is quite similar to that of modern Welsh, with only a few differences. The letter ''u'', which today represents in North Western Welsh dialects and in South Welsh and North East Welsh dialects, represented the close central rounded vowel in Middle Welsh. The diphthong ''aw'' is found in unstressed final syllables in Middle Welsh, while in Modern Welsh it has be ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Theodorus Priscianus
Theodorus Priscianus ( el, Θεόδωρος ὁ Πρισκιανός) was a physician at Constantinople during the fourth century, and the author of the Latin work ''Rerum Medicarum'' in four books. Career Priscianus was a pupil of the physician Vindicianus (physician), Vindicianus, fixing the period of his life in the fourth century. He is said to have lived at the court of Constantinople, and to have obtained the dignity of Archiater. He belonged to the medical sect of the ''Empiric school, Empirici'', but not without a certain mixture of the doctrines of the ''Methodic school, Methodici'', and even of the ''Dogmatic school, Dogmatici''.Theodorus Priscianus''Rerum Medicarum Libri Quatuor'' praef. p. 81, ed. Argent.''Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology'', vol. III, p. 525 ("Theodorus Priscianus"). Works The ''Rerum Medicarum Libri Quatuor'', or "Medical Matters in Four Books", is sometimes attributed to a person named ''Octavia (gens), Octavius Horatianus''. The ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
