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Polányi
__NOTOC__ Polányi, Polanyi is a surname. There have been a number of prominent individuals in the Polanyi family, illustrated in the following family tree: *Adolf Pollacsek (1820–1871) ∞ Zsófia Schlesinger **Mihály Pollacsek (March 21, 1848, Bánhegy (Dluha) – January 10, 1905), prominent member of the bourgeoisie involved in railroads ∞ (1881 in Warsaw) Cecília Wohl ( hu, Pollacsek Mihályné, Wohl Cecília, french: Cécile Wohl; 1862, Vilnius – 1939, Budapest), daughter of Lithuanian Rabbi Alex Wohl, held a literary salon in Budapest ***Laura Polanyi, later Striker (1882–1957), ∞ Sándor Striker **** Eva Striker Zeisel, American industrial designer ***Adolf Polányi *** Karl Paul Polanyi ( hu, Polányi Károly, 1886, Vienna – 1964, Pickering, Ontario), a Hungarian-Canadian political economist and author of '' The Great Transformation'' ∞ Ilona Duczyńska ****Kari Polanyi Levitt (born 1923, Vienna), the Emerita Professor of Economics at McGill University * ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Polányi Family
__NOTOC__ Polányi, Polanyi is a surname. There have been a number of prominent individuals in the Polanyi family, illustrated in the following family tree: *Adolf Pollacsek (1820–1871) ∞ Zsófia Schlesinger **Mihály Pollacsek (March 21, 1848, Bánhegy (Dluha) – January 10, 1905), prominent member of the bourgeoisie involved in railroads ∞ (1881 in Warsaw) Cecília Wohl ( hu, Pollacsek Mihályné, Wohl Cecília, french: Cécile Wohl; 1862, Vilnius – 1939, Budapest), daughter of Lithuanian Rabbi Alex Wohl, held a literary salon in Budapest ***Laura Polanyi, later Striker (1882–1957), ∞ Sándor Striker **** Eva Striker Zeisel, American industrial designer ***Adolf Polányi *** Karl Paul Polanyi ( hu, Polányi Károly, 1886, Vienna – 1964, Pickering, Ontario), a Hungarian-Canadian political economist and author of '' The Great Transformation'' ∞ Ilona Duczyńska ****Kari Polanyi Levitt (born 1923, Vienna), the Emerita Professor of Economics at McGill University * ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Karl Polanyi
Karl Paul Polanyi (; hu, Polányi Károly ; 25 October 1886 – 23 April 1964),''Encyclopædia Britannica'' (Chicago: Encyclopædia Britannica Inc. 2003) vol 9. p. 554 was an Austro-Hungarian economic anthropologist and politician, best known for his book '' The Great Transformation,'' which questions the conceptual validity of self-regulating markets. In his writings, Polanyi advances the concept of the Double Movement, which refers to the dialectical process of marketization and push for social protection against that marketization. He argues that market-based societies in modern Europe were not inevitable but historically contingent. Polanyi is remembered best as the originator of substantivism, a cultural version of economics, which emphasizes the way economies are embedded in society and culture. This opinion is counter to mainstream economics but is popular in anthropology, economic history, economic sociology and political science. Polanyi's approach to the ancient ec ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Michael Polanyi
Michael Polanyi (; hu, Polányi Mihály; 11 March 1891 – 22 February 1976) was a Hungarian-British polymath, who made important theoretical contributions to physical chemistry, economics, and philosophy. He argued that positivism supplies an imperfect account of knowing as no observer is perfectly impartial. His wide-ranging research in physical science included chemical kinetics, x-ray diffraction, and adsorption of gases. He pioneered the theory of fibre diffraction analysis in 1921, and the dislocation theory of plastic deformation of ductile metals and other materials in 1934. He immigrated to Germany, in 1926 becoming a chemistry professor at the Kaiser Wilhelm Institute in Berlin, and then in 1933 to England, becoming first a chemistry professor, and then a social sciences professor at the University of Manchester. Two of his pupils, and his son John Charles Polanyi won Nobel Prizes in Chemistry. In 1944 Polanyi was elected to the Royal Society. The contribution ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
John Charles Polanyi
John Charles Polanyi ( hu, Polányi János Károly; born 23 January 1929) is a German-born Canadian chemist. He was awarded the 1986 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for his research in chemical kinetics. Polanyi was born into the prominent Hungarian Polányi (Pollacsek) family in Berlin, Germany, prior to emigrating in 1933 to the United Kingdom where he was subsequently educated at the University of Manchester, and did postdoctoral research at the National Research Council in Canada and Princeton University in New Jersey. Polanyi's first academic appointment was at the University of Toronto, and he remains there . In addition to the Nobel Prize, Polanyi has received numerous other awards, including 33 honorary degrees, the Wolf Prize in Chemistry and the Gerhard Herzberg Canada Gold Medal for Science and Engineering. Outside his scientific pursuits, Polanyi is active in public policy discussion, especially concerning science and nuclear weapons. His father, Mihály (Michael), was ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ilona Duczyńska
Ilona Duczynska ( pl, Ilona Duczyńska; hu, Duczynska Ilona, Ducsinszka Ilona; 11 March 1897, in Vienna – 24 April 1978, in Pickering) was a Polish-Hungarian-Canadian revolutionary, journalist, translator, engineer, and historian. Her husband was Karl Polanyi and her daughter is Kari Polanyi Levitt. Life In 1897, Ilona Duczynska was born near Vienna to a Hungarian mother and a Polish-Austrian father. In 1915, during the First World War, she became acquainted with anarcho-syndicalist revolutionary Ervin Szabó, who connected her with the work of the Galileo Circle. She became a revolutionary socialist. For her anti-war activities, she was expelled from school in 1915. She studied engineering at the Technical University of Zurich. There she was befriended by a community of representatives of the Russian Social Democratic Party opposed to the war, including Lenin, his wife Krupskaya, and Angelica Balabanoff. Together with delegations from Germany, France, and Britain, as well as oth ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cecília Wohl
Cecília Wohl ( hu, Polacsek Mihályné; Wohl Cecília, french: Cécile Wohl, aka ''Cecil Wohl''; 1862, Vilnius – 5 September 1939, Budapest district 1) was a Lithuanian-Viennese master, Budapestian salonist known as "Cecil mama", a daughter of the senior teacher of Jewish history at the Vilna rabbinic seminary Osher Leyzerovich Vol,See detailed genealogical information on the Vol family at JewishGen.org (Lithuania database). and the mother of Karl Polanyi and Michael Polanyi. References * http://www.mek.iif.hu/porta/szint/egyeb/lexikon/eletrajz/html/ABC11587/12321.htm * http://www.kfki.hu/chemonet/polanyi/9702/szapor.html * https://web.archive.org/web/20121001061114/http://homepage3.nifty.com/thinkers/plnykcv.htm (Japanese) Cecilia Cecilia is a personal name originating in the name of Saint Cecilia, the patron saint of music. The name has been popularly used in Europe (particularly the United Kingdom and Italy, where in 2018 it was the 43rd most popular name for girls ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eva Zeisel
Eva Striker Zeisel (born Éva Amália Striker, November 13, 1906 – December 30, 2011) was a Hungarian-born American industrial designer known for her work with ceramics, primarily from the period after she immigrated to the United States. Her forms are often abstractions of the natural world and human relationships. Work from throughout her prodigious career is included in important museum collections across the world. Zeisel declared herself a "maker of useful things." Biography Early life and family She was born in Budapest, Hungary, in 1906 to a wealthy, highly educated assimilated Jewish family. Her mother, Laura Polányi Striker, a historian, was the first woman to get a PhD from the University of Budapest. Laura's work on Captain John Smith's adventures in Hungary added fundamentally to our understanding and appreciation of his reliability as a narrator. Laura's brothers, Karl Polanyi, the sociologist and economist, and Michael Polanyi, the physical chemist and philosoph ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Polany (other)
Polany may refer to: *Polány, Hungary * Polany, Lesser Poland Voivodeship (south Poland) * Polany, Lublin Voivodeship (east Poland) * Polany, Subcarpathian Voivodeship (south-east Poland) * Polany, Masovian Voivodeship (east-central Poland) * Polany, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship (north Poland) See also *Poľany Poľany ( hu, Pólyán) is a village and municipality in the Trebišov District in the Košice Region of south-eastern Slovakia. History In historical records the village was first mentioned in 1214. Geography The village lies at an altitude of ... * Polányi {{geodis ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kari Polanyi Levitt
Kari Polanyi Levitt (born June 14, 1923 in Vienna, Austria)''Biography'' (Kari Polanyi Levitt website. http://www.karipolanyilevitt.com/biography/.) is a Canadian economist, currently Emerita Professor of Economics at McGill University, Montreal. She is known for her work on economic development and economic sovereignty, and in particular for her 1970 book ''Silent Surrender: The Multinational Corporation in Canada''. She is also the literary executor of her father, the economic historian Karl Polanyi. Life Polanyi Levitt relocated to England with her father in 1933 and attended Bedales School and the London School of Economics. After graduating in 1947 she moved to Canada, and in 1950 married the Canadian historian Joseph Levitt. She received a Master's degree in Economics from the University of Toronto in 1959, and joined the Department of Economics at McGill University in 1961. Over the next decade she undertook research projects for Statistics Canada and for the New Democratic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bell–Evans–Polanyi Principle
In physical chemistry, the Evans–Polanyi principle (also referred to as the Bell–Evans–Polanyi principle, Brønsted–Evans–Polanyi principle, or Evans–Polanyi–Semenov principle) observes that the difference in activation energy between two reactions of the same family is proportional to the difference of their enthalpy of reaction. This relationship can be expressed as : E_\text = E_0 + \alpha \Delta H, where : E_\text is the activation energy of a reference reaction of the same class, : \Delta H is the enthalpy of reaction, : \alpha characterizes the position of the transition state along the reaction coordinate (such that 0 \leq \alpha \leq 1). The Evans–Polanyi model is a linear energy relationship that serves as an efficient way to calculate activation energy of many reactions within a distinct family. The activation energy may be used to characterize the kinetic rate parameter of a given reaction through application of the Arrhenius equation. The Evans–Po ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jewish Families
Jews ( he, יְהוּדִים, , ) or Jewish people are an ethnoreligious group and nation originating from the Israelites Israelite origins and kingdom: "The first act in the long drama of Jewish history is the age of the Israelites""The people of the Kingdom of Israel and the ethnic and religious group known as the Jewish people that descended from them have been subjected to a number of forced migrations in their history" and Hebrews of historical Israel and Judah. Jewish ethnicity, nationhood, and religion are strongly interrelated, "Historically, the religious and ethnic dimensions of Jewish identity have been closely interwoven. In fact, so closely bound are they, that the traditional Jewish lexicon hardly distinguishes between the two concepts. Jewish religious practice, by definition, was observed exclusively by the Jewish people, and notions of Jewish peoplehood, nation, and community were suffused with faith in the Jewish God, the practice of Jewish (religious) la ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hungarian Jews
The history of the Jews in Hungary dates back to at least the Kingdom of Hungary, with some records even predating the Hungarian conquest of the Carpathian Basin in 895 CE by over 600 years. Written sources prove that Jewish communities lived in the medieval Kingdom of Hungary and it is even assumed that several sections of the heterogeneous Magyar tribes, Hungarian tribes practiced Judaism. Jewish officials served the king during the early 13th century reign of Andrew II of Hungary, Andrew II. From the second part of the 13th century, the general religious tolerance decreased and Hungary's policies became similar to the treatment of the Jewish population in Western Europe. The Jews of Hungary were fairly well integrated into Hungarian society by the time of the First World War. By the early 20th century, the community had grown to constitute 5% of Hungary's total population and 23% of the population of the capital, Budapest. Jews became prominent in science, the arts and busine ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
