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Polyspheric
The Polyspheric or Poly engines were V8 engines produced by Chrysler from 1955 to 1958 as lower-cost alternatives to the Hemi engines. These engines were based on the ''Hemi'' engines, using the same blocks and crankshaft parts, but completely different cylinder heads, pushrods, exhaust manifolds and pistons. They were called ''Polyspheric'' or ''Poly'' engines, because they featured polyspherical-shaped (meaning “more than one sphere”) combustion chambers. These combustion chambers were formed by the two shallow concave domes where the intake and exhaust valve seats were. Because these engines needed a less sophisticated rocker setup, with only a single rocker shaft in each head, they were also cheaper and lighter than their ''Hemi'' counterparts. In the Chrysler literature, the ''Poly'' engines were also called ''single rocker shaft'' (SRS), while the ''Hemi'' engines were called ''dual rocker shaft'' (DRS). These engines replaced Chrysler's flathead inline six in the ...
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Chrysler A Engine
The Chrysler A engine is a small-block V8 gasoline engine built by Chrysler with polyspherical combustion chambers. It was produced from 1956 until 1967, when it was replaced by the wedge-head LA engine, although the LA was in production alongside the A from 1964 - 1967. It is not related to the hemispherical-head Hemi engine of the 1950s. The A engine was first released in 1956 and was used exclusively in Plymouths until 1958 and in Chryslers and Dodges from 1959 on. The Desoto and Dodge 270/315/325 poly was not related to the Plymouth Polys, using the same bottom end as the Dodge and Desoto Red Ram Hemi, but utilizing similar head architecture. The cylinder bore center distance is , larger than the earlier Dodge-based poly engines. The A engine formed the design basis of its successor, the LA engine, evidenced in the many parts that interchange between the two engine families. Plymouth 277 The 277 "Hy-Fire" was the first A-block engine, produced for 1955 in the fall of 1 ...
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Chrysler Windsor
The Chrysler Windsor is a full-size car which was built by Chrysler from 1939 through to the 1960s. The final Chrysler Windsor sold in the United States was produced in 1961, but production in Canada continued until 1966. The Canadian 1961 to 1966 Windsor model was for all intents and purposes the equivalent of the Chrysler Newport in the United States. The Windsor was almost identical to the more luxurious Chrysler New Yorker in terms of size, interior and standard features except that it was only available with the Chrysler Straight Six that originally started the company in 1925, which offered customers a luxurious car with a more modest and economic engine. As the years progressed and technology and manufacturing costs improved, the Windsor offered items that were initially optional as standard equipment while maintaining a market position lower in the Chrysler product hierarchy. The Windsor was mechanically similar to the Royal from 1939 to 1950 and offered more standard ...
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Chrysler FirePower Engine
The Chrysler Hemi engines, known by the trademark Hemi, are a series of American V8 gasoline engines built by Chrysler with overhead valve hemispherical combustion chambers. Three different types of Hemi engines have been built by Chrysler for automobiles: the first (known as the Chrysler FirePower engine) from 1951 to 1958, the second from 1964 to 1971, and the third beginning in 2003. Although Chrysler is most identified with the use of "Hemi" as a marketing term, many other auto manufacturers have incorporated similar designs. The engine block and cylinder heads were cast and manufactured at Indianapolis Foundry. During the 1970s and 1980s, Chrysler also used the ''Hemi'' name for their Australian-made Hemi-6 Engine and applied it to the 4-cylinder Mitsubishi 2.6 L engine installed in various North American market vehicles. Concept A hemispherical cylinder head ("hemi-head") gives an efficient combustion chamber with an excellent surface-to-volume ratio, with ...
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Chrysler Hemi Engine
The Chrysler Hemi engines, known by the trademark Hemi, are a series of American V8 engine, V8 gasoline engines built by Chrysler with overhead valve hemispherical combustion chambers. Three different types of Hemi engines have been built by Chrysler for automobiles: the first (known as the Chrysler FirePower engine) from 1951 to 1958, the second from 1964 to 1971, and the third beginning in 2003. Although Chrysler is most identified with the use of "Hemi" as a marketing term, many other auto manufacturers have incorporated similar designs. The engine block and cylinder heads were cast and manufactured at Indianapolis Foundry. During the 1970s and 1980s, Chrysler also used the ''Hemi'' name for their Australian-made Chrysler Hemi-6 Engine, Hemi-6 Engine and applied it to the 4-cylinder Astron 2.6, Mitsubishi 2.6 L engine installed in various North American market vehicles. Concept A hemispherical cylinder head ("hemi-head") gives an efficient combustion chamber with ...
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Chrysler Engines
Chrysler Four cylinder 1926–1933: Flathead 4 1981–1995: K Engine 1994–2010: PowerTech 2007–present: World Engine * 1.8, 2.0, and 2.4 "World Engine" (2007–2017) * 2.0 and 2.4 "Tigershark" (2012–present) Six cylinder 1924–1959: Flathead 6 1959–2000: Slant-6 1970–1981: Hemi-6 (Australia) 1987–2004: 3.9L/238 LA & Magnum 1989–2011: 3.3 & 3.8 OHV V6 1993–2010: SOHC V6 1998–2010: LH Engine 2002–2013: PowerTech 2010–present: Pentastar Eight cylinder 1930–1950: Flathead 8 1951–1958: FirePower (Hemi) 1955–1958: Polyspheric V8 1968–1969: Chrysler Ball-Stud Hemi (A279) Small block 1956–1961: A - Chrysler's first small-block V8. 1964–1992: LA * 273 * 318 * 340 * 360 1992–2003: Magnum * 318 * 360 1999–2009: PowerTech 2003–present: Hemi * 5.7L Hemi - The smallest modern Hemi engine, called the Eagle, introduced in 2002. * 6.1L Hemi - A larger modern Hemi, 2004–2010. * 6.4L Hemi - A larger bor ...
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Chrysler Saratoga
The Chrysler Saratoga is an automobile built by Chrysler. The nameplate was used from 1939 to 1952 and from 1957 to 1960 in the U.S. market, in Canada through 1965, and in Europe from 1989 to 1995. In the beginning, it was introduced as a sport luxury model, using the Straight Eight engine from the Chrysler New Yorker which was more formal, and the Imperial which had graduated to special order limousine. The Saratoga was introduced one year after the luxurious New Yorker and was well equipped, wearing the Chrysler nameplate. It was initially more expensive than the New Yorker, then marketing changes repositioned the Saratoga more modestly as the Imperial took the top of the Chrysler hierarchy followed by the New Yorker. Items that were standard equipment such as power windows, power locks, power steering, power brakes, power adjustable front seat and air conditioning on the New Yorker were initially available on the Saratoga, then as years progressed became standard on the Sarat ...
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Chrysler Flathead Engine
The Chrysler flathead engine is a Sidevalve engine, flathead automotive engine manufactured by the Chrysler Corporation from 1924 through the early 1960s. The flathead engine came in four-,six-, and eight-cylinder configurations and varying displacement, with both a cast iron and cast aluminum cylinder head. It was installed in Chrysler, DeSoto, Dodge and Plymouth branded vehicles. Straight-4 Chrysler introduced a Inline-four engine, straight-four derivative of their new flathead Straight-six engine, straight-six in 1926. Initially used by Chrysler, the straight-four was fitted to Plymouth (automobile), Plymouth and Dodge light trucks beginning in 1929, lasting in production through 1933. The original version displaced and produced 38 hp (28 kW). This was only produced in 1926, with displacement reduced to for 1927 and 1928. Power was initially rated the same but was upped to 45 hp (34 kW) during the 1928 model year. After the introduction of the Plymouth br ...
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Plymouth (automobile)
Plymouth was a brand of automobiles produced by Chrysler, Chrysler Corporation and its successor Mercedes-Benz Group, DaimlerChrysler. The brand was launched in 1928 to compete in what was then described as the "low-priced" market segment that was dominated by Chevrolet and Ford Motor Company, Ford. It became a high-volume seller for the automaker until the late 1990s. Plymouth cars were marketed primarily in the United States. The brand was withdrawn from the marketplace in 2001. The Plymouth models that were produced up to then were either discontinued or rebranded as Chrysler or Dodge. History Origins The Plymouth automobile was introduced at Madison Square Garden (1925), Madison Square Garden on July 7, 1928. It was Chrysler Corporation's first entry in the low-priced field previously dominated by Chevrolet and Ford. Plymouths were initially priced higher than the competition, but offered standard features such as internal expanding hydraulic brakes that Ford and Chevrol ...
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Rocker Arm
In the context of an internal combustion engine, a rocker arm is a valvetrain component that typically transfers the motion of a pushrod to the corresponding intake/exhaust valve. Rocker arms in automobiles are typically made from stamped steel, or aluminum in higher-revving applications. Some rocker arms (called ''roller rockers'') include a bearing at the contact point, to reduce wear and friction at the contact point. Overview In the typical use-case of an overhead valve (pushrod) engine, the camshaft at the bottom of the engine pushes the pushrod upwards. The top of the pushrod presses upwards on one side of the rocker arm (located at the top of the engine), which causes the rocker arm to rotate. This rotation causes the other end of the rocker arm to press downwards on the top of the valve, which opens the valve by moving it downwards. A ''roller rocker'' is a rocker arm that uses needle bearings (or a single bearing ball in older engines) at the contact point between the ...
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Combustion Chamber
A combustion chamber is part of an internal combustion engine in which the fuel/air mix is burned. For steam engines, the term has also been used for an extension of the firebox which is used to allow a more complete combustion process. Internal combustion engines In an internal combustion engine, the pressure caused by the burning air/fuel mixture applies direct force to part of the engine (e.g. for a piston engine, the force is applied to the top of the piston), which converts the gas pressure into mechanical energy (often in the form of a rotating output shaft). This contrasts an external combustion engine, where the combustion takes place in a separate part of the engine to where the gas pressure is converted into mechanical energy. Spark-ignition engines In spark ignition engines, such as petrol (gasoline) engines, the combustion chamber is usually located in the cylinder head. The engines are often designed such that the bottom of combustion chamber is roughly in li ...
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Cylinder Head
In an internal combustion engine, the cylinder head (often abbreviated to simply "head") sits above the cylinders and forms the roof of the combustion chamber. In sidevalve engines, the head is a simple sheet of metal; whereas in more modern overhead valve and overhead camshaft engines, the cylinder head is a more complicated block often containing inlet and exhaust passages, coolant passages, valves, camshafts, spark plugs and fuel injectors. Most straight engines have a single cylinder head shared by all of the cylinders and most V engines have two cylinder heads (one per bank of cylinders). Design A summary of engine designs is shown below, in chronological order for automobile usage. Sidevalve engines In a flathead (''sidevalve'') engine, all of the valvetrain components are contained within the block, therefore the head is usually a simple sheet of metal bolted to the top of the engine block. Sidevalve engines were once universal in automobiles but are now lar ...
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Engine Block
In an internal combustion engine, the engine block is the structure which contains the cylinders and other components. In an early automotive engine, the engine block consisted of just the cylinder block, to which a separate crankcase was attached. Modern engine blocks typically have the crankcase integrated with the cylinder block as a single component. Engine blocks often also include elements such as coolant passages and oil galleries. The term "cylinder block" is often used interchangeably with "engine block", although technically, the block of a modern engine (i.e. multiple cylinders integrated with another component) would be classified as a monobloc. __TOC__ Construction The main structure of an engine typically consists of the cylinders, coolant passages, oil galleries, crankcase, and cylinder head(s). The first production engines of the 1880s to 1920s usually used separate components for each of these elements, which were bolted together during engine assembly. ...
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