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Politburo Of The Polish United Workers' Party
The Politburo (abbreviation for ''Political Bureau'') of the Polish United Workers Party (PUWP; pl, Polska Zjednoczona Partia Robotnicza, ''PZPR'') was the chief executive body of the ruling communist apparatus in Poland between 1948 and 1989. Nearly all key figures had membership in the Politburo. The Politburo of the PUWP typically had between 9-15 full members at any one time. Usually, several alternate (or candidate) members were also elected to the Politburo, but unlike full members, alternate members did not possess full voting rights. The predecessor of the PUWP, was the Polish Workers Party (Polish: ''Polska Partia Robotnicza''). In 1948, it merged with the Polish Socialist Party to form the PUWP. A chronological list of Politburo membership is provided below. Politburo of Polish Workers Party 1944–1948 Politburo of Polish United Workers Party 1948-1990 (A) = Alternate (Candidate) Member References {{Reflist Politburo of the Polish United Workers' Party Polish ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Politburo
A politburo () or political bureau is the executive committee for communist parties. It is present in most former and existing communist states. Names The term "politburo" in English comes from the Russian ''Politbyuro'' (), itself a contraction of ''Politicheskoye byuro'' (, "Political Bureau"). The Spanish term ''Politburó'' is directly loaned from Russian, as is the German ''Politbüro''. Chinese uses a calque (), from which the Vietnamese (), and Korean ( ''Jeongchiguk'') terms derive. History The first politburo was created in Russia by the Bolshevik Party in 1917 during the Russian Revolution that occurred during that year. The first Politburo had seven members: Lenin, Zinoviev, Kamenev, Trotsky, Stalin, Sokolnikov, and Bubnov. During the 20th century, politburos were established in most Communist states. They included the politburos of the USSR, East Germany, Afghanistan, and Czechoslovakia. Several countries still have a politburo system in operation: China, North K ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Adam Rapacki
Adam Rapacki (24 December 1909 – 10 October 1970) was a leading Polish Communist politician and diplomat from 1947 to 1968. He started in the socialist movement but in 1948 joined the Central Committee of the new Polish United Workers' Party (PZPR), and became a member of its Politburo. It had very close ties to the Kremlin. He is best known for his 1957 proposal for the creation of nuclear-free zones in Europe; it was never adopted. He maintained good relations with East Germany while warning against West German expansionism. Piotr Wandycz finds that he was well educated, cosmopolitan, pragmatic, liberal and ambitious, and imbued with a sense of patriotism and belief in cooperation with the left in Western Europe. Biography Rapacki was born by Marian Rapacki and Maria Rapacka in Lemberg, Austria-Hungary (modern Lviv, Ukraine) on 24 December 1909. Due the start of World War I, he and his parents moved to Piotrków Trybunalski, and to Warsaw in 1919. During his early life i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Franciszek Waniołka
Franciszek () is a masculine given name of Polish origin (female form Franciszka). It is a cognate of Francis, Francisco, François, and Franz. People with the name include: *Edward Pfeiffer (Franciszek Edward Pfeiffer) (1895–1964), Polish general officer; recipient of the ''Order of Virtuti Militari'' *Franciszek Alter (1889–1945), Polish general officer during WWII *Franciszek and Magdalena Banasiewicz (fl. mid-20th century), Polish couple who hid and rescued 15 Jews during the Holocaust *Franciszek Antoni Kwilecki (1725–1794), Polish nobleman, statesman, and ambassador *Franciszek Armiński (1789–1848), Polish astronomer *Franciszek Bieliński (1683–1766), Polish politician and statesman *Franciszek Blachnicki (1921–1987), Polish man who started The Light-Life Movement (Światło-Zycie) as a Catholic association *Franciszek Błażej (1907–1951), Polish military officer and anticommunist resistance fighter *Franciszek Bohomolec (1720–1784), Polish dramatist, lingui ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zenon Kliszko
Zenon Kliszko (Łódź, December 8, 1908 – September 4, 1989, Warsaw), was a politician in the Polish People's Republic, considered the man of Polish United Workers' Party (PZPR) leader Władysław Gomułka. Kliszko graduated from Warsaw University and joined the Polish Communist Party in 1931. He was arrested in 1934 for anti-state agitation and released after the courts established that he was mentally challenged. Kliszko took part in the Warsaw Uprising during Nazi German occupation of Poland and escaped capture by swimming across the river. He met Gomułka in Lublin, befriended him, and became the KC PZPR functionary after the Soviet takeover in 1945. Crimes Kliszko was responsible for issuing an order to regular army units under General Bolesław Chocha to open fire on striking workers in Gdańsk and Gdynia during the Polish 1970 protests. On Kliszko´s advice and recommendation, the communist party took down the production of Dziady by Mickiewicz at the Polish Theat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jerzy Morawski
Jerzy is the Polish version of the masculine given name George. The most common nickname for Jerzy is Jurek (), which may also be used as an official first name. Occasionally the nickname Jerzyk may be used, which means "swift" in Polish. People *Jerzy, ''nom de guerre'' of Ryszard Białous, Polish World War II resistance fighter * Jerzy Andrzejewski, Polish writer * Jerzy Bartmiński, Polish linguist and ethnologist * Jerzy Braun (other), several people * Jerzy Brzęczek, Polish footballer and manager * Jerzy Buzek, Polish politician and former Prime Minister * Jerzy Dudek, Polish footballer * Jerzy Fedorowicz, Polish actor and theatre director * Jerzy Ficowski, Polish poet and translator * Jerzy Grotowski, Polish theatre director and theorist * Jerzy Hoffman, Polish film director, screenwriter, and producer * Jerzy Jarniewicz, Polish poet, literary critic, translator and essayist * Jerzy Janowicz, Polish tennis player * Jerzy Jurka, Polish-American computational and mol ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ignacy Loga-Sowiński
Ignacy Loga-Sowiński (January 20, 1914 – December 10, 1992) was a Polish trade union activist and politician. He was a member of the Central Committee and Politburo of the Polish United Workers' Party. He was a member of the State National Council from 1956 to 1971. He also served as the deputy chairman of the council and was an ambassador of the Polish People's Republic to Turkey from 1971 to 1978. Early life He is the son of Władysław and Honorata née Misiak, his father being an agricultural laborer. He received elementary education. Ignacy's profession was a bricklayer in the pre-war period, he lived in Łódź during that time.'' Reports of the Łódź voivode. 1938, Cz. 2 '; Łódź 2014, p. 300 (List of judgments for September 1938); sentenced by the judgment of the District Court in Łódź on August 16, 1938, to 2 years in prison and the loss of civil rights for 5 years (with arrest from April 28, 1938), on the basis of art. 97, § 1, in connection with Art. 93 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stefan Jędrychowski
Stefan Jędrychowski (19 May 1910 – 26 May 1996) was a Polish communist politician, economist and journalist, who served as deputy prime minister, foreign minister and finance minister in Poland. Early life and education Born in Warsaw on 19 May 1910, Jędrychowski hailed from a middle-class Catholic family, who owned properties and apartment houses in Wilno, in the Russian part of Poland. His mother was of German origin. He studied law and social science at Stefan Batory University in Wilno, graduating in 1932. Then he obtained a master's degree in law from the same university. He also received a PhD in economics. He began his political career as a radical leftist Catholic in the group called "Odrodzenie" (renaissance) when he was an undergraduate student. Then he switched to a youth organization "Legion Mlodych" (The Legion of Youth) that was founded by Józef Piłsudski after he took over the Polish government in 1926. Jędrychowski became a member of the group's regional c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Roman Nowak
Roman or Romans most often refers to: *Rome, the capital city of Italy *Ancient Rome, Roman civilization from 8th century BC to 5th century AD *Roman people, the people of ancient Rome *''Epistle to the Romans'', shortened to ''Romans'', a letter in the New Testament of the Christian Bible Roman or Romans may also refer to: Arts and entertainment Music * Romans (band), a Japanese pop group * ''Roman'' (album), by Sound Horizon, 2006 * ''Roman'' (EP), by Teen Top, 2011 *" Roman (My Dear Boy)", a 2004 single by Morning Musume Film and television *Film Roman, an American animation studio * ''Roman'' (film), a 2006 American suspense-horror film * ''Romans'' (2013 film), an Indian Malayalam comedy film * ''Romans'' (2017 film), a British drama film * ''The Romans'' (''Doctor Who''), a serial in British TV series People *Roman (given name), a given name, including a list of people and fictional characters *Roman (surname), including a list of people named Roman or Romans *Ῥωμα ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Edward Gierek
Edward Gierek (; 6 January 1913 – 29 July 2001) was a Polish communism in Poland, Communist politician and ''de facto'' leader of Poland between 1970 and 1980. Gierek replaced Władysław Gomułka as General Secretary of the Communist Party, First Secretary of the ruling Polish United Workers' Party (PZPR) in the Polish People's Republic in 1970. He is known for opening communist Poland to the Western Bloc and for his economic policies based on foreign loans. He was removed from power after labour strikes led to the Gdańsk Agreement between the communist state and workers of the emerging Solidarity (Polish trade union), Solidarity free trade union movement. Born in Sosnowiec, Congress Poland, to a devoutly Catholic Church, Catholic family, Gierek emigrated with his relatives to France at a young age. In 1934, he was deported to Poland for communist advocacy and campaigning, but subsequently moved to Belgium to work as a coal miner in Genk. As a result, he was proficient in Fre ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Władysław Dworakowski
Władysław Dworakowski (10 September 1908 in Oblasy – 17 November 1976 in Warsaw) was a Polish communist politician and statesman. Biography Dworakowski was born in to a poor peasant family in the Lublin Governorate. He was a locksmith by profession and was active in the workers's movement. Dworakowski joined the Young Communist League of Poland in 1931and later the Communist Party of Poland in 1934 and was a member of the party until its dissolution in 1938. In 1941-1942 he was a member of the Association of Friends of the Soviet Union and later joined the Polish Workers' Party shortly after its foundation. He was member of the anti-Nazi resistance in Poland and was a soldier in Gwardia Ludowa and also participated in the Warsaw Uprising. After World War II he was a high ranking functionary in the PPR and later the Polish United Workers' Party. He was the secretary of the Central Committee and the Party District Committees in Gdańsk, Warsaw and Łódź. From November 1952 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zenon Nowak
Zenon Nowak (27 January 1905 – 21 August 1980) was a Communist activist and politician in the People's Republic of Poland. He was one of the members of the pro-Soviet Natolin faction of the PZPR Central Committee during the Polish October of 1956.Martin McCauley, Stephen Carter''Leadership and succession in the Soviet Union, Eastern Europe, and China.'' Page 45.''M.E. Sharpe''. Retrieved November 21, 2011. See also * Stalinism in Poland * Poznań 1956 protests Poznań () is a city on the River Warta in west-central Poland, within the Greater Poland region. The city is an important cultural and business centre, and one of Poland's most populous regions with many regional customs such as Saint John ... References 1905 births 1980 deaths People from Pabianice People from Piotrków Governorate Communist Party of Poland politicians Polish Workers' Party politicians Members of the Politburo of the Polish United Workers' Party Members of the Polish Sejm 19 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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