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Polish 2nd Legions' Infantry Division
Polish 2nd Legions Infantry Division (''2. Dywizja Piechoty Legionów'') was a tactical unit of the Polish Army between the World Wars. Formed on February 21, 1919, in the towns of Zegrze and Jablonna near Warsaw, and composed mostly of veterans of the Polish Legions in World War I, the unit saw extensive action during the Polish-Bolshevik War and the Invasion of Poland. During the Polish-Bolshevik War the division was commanded by Henryk Minkiewicz and Michal Zymierski. In a later stage, it took part in the Battle of Niemen as part of the Third Army. In the Second Polish Republic, the unit's headquarters were stationed in Kielce, with some regiments in the garrisons of Sandomierz and Jarosław. During that time its commanders included General Aleksander Narbutt-Łuczyński (1921 - 1930), General Juliusz Zulauf (1930 - 1938) and Colonel Edward Dojan-Surówka (1938 - Sept. 8 1939). In 1921 - 1939, the division's headquarters was garrisoned in Kielce. Its 2nd Legions' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Poland
Poland, officially the Republic of Poland, is a country in Central Europe. It is divided into 16 administrative provinces called voivodeships, covering an area of . Poland has a population of over 38 million and is the fifth-most populous member state of the European Union. Warsaw is the nation's capital and largest metropolis. Other major cities include Kraków, Wrocław, Łódź, Poznań, Gdańsk, and Szczecin. Poland has a temperate transitional climate and its territory traverses the Central European Plain, extending from Baltic Sea in the north to Sudeten and Carpathian Mountains in the south. The longest Polish river is the Vistula, and Poland's highest point is Mount Rysy, situated in the Tatra mountain range of the Carpathians. The country is bordered by Lithuania and Russia to the northeast, Belarus and Ukraine to the east, Slovakia and the Czech Republic to the south, and Germany to the west. It also shares maritime boundaries with Denmark and Sweden. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Edward Dojan-Surówka
Jan Edward Dojan-Surowka (27 December 1894, Wielopole Skrzynskie - 6 November 1982) was a soldier of the Polish Legions in World War I and Colonel of Infantry in the Polish Army in the interwar period. During World War I, Dojan-Surowka served in the 1st Brigade, Polish Legions. Nominated to the rank of officer, he served in the 5th Legions Regiment of Infantry. In 1917, after the Oath crisis, he was forced to join the Austro-Hungarian Army and fight on the Eastern Front. In 1919, he joined the Siberian Division. Captured by the Bolsheviks together with other Polish soldiers, Dojan-Surowka managed to escape. He fought in the Polish-Soviet War, as commandant of the 201st Volunteer Division (see Volunteer Army (Poland)). In 1921, he was named commandant of the 15th Infantry Regiment. On 22 July 1922 Edward Dojan-Surowka was transferred to the 45th Kresy Rifles Regiment in Rowne, and on 21 August 1926 he was named commandant of the 21st Children of Warsaw Infantry Regiment, station ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Massacre In Zakroczym
The Massacre in Zakroczym, Poland, took place on 28 September 1939 when, in spite of a cease-fire, soldiers of Panzerdivision Kempf stormed Polish positions at Zakroczym, where soldiers from the 2nd Infantry Division were getting ready to surrender. Hundreds of Polish soldiers were murdered.Szymon Datner: Zbrodnie Wehrmachtu na jeńcach wojennych w II wojnie światowej. Warszawa: Wydawnictwo MON, 1961. The rest were beaten and abused. Many civilians were killed or wounded. German troops broke into houses, robbed them, set on fire, and tossed hand grenades into the basements filled with scared civilians. Kazimierz Szczerbatko estimated, based on the testimony of the eyewitnesses, that the Germans killed around 500 soldiers and 100 civilians. The massacre might have been revenge for the Battle of Mława which cost the Germans 1,800 killed, 3,000 wounded, 1,000 missing, and where Panzer Division Kempf lost 72 tanks in spite of using Polish civilians as human shields chased in front ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Battle Of Modlin
] The Battle of Modlin was a battle that took place during the 1939 German invasion of Poland at the beginning of the Second World War. Modlin Fortress was initially the headquarters of the Modlin Army until its retreat eastwards. From 13 to 29 September 1939, it served as a defensive citadel for Polish forces under the command of General Wiktor Thommée against assaulting German units. The fighting was closely linked with the strategic situation of the Battle of Warsaw. The Polish forces defending the fortress included the armoured train ''Śmierć'' ("death") and the Modlin anti-aircraft battery, which was credited with shooting down more ''Luftwaffe'' planes than any other in the entire September campaign. Fortress Modlin capitulated on 29 September, one of the last to lay down its arms in the campaign, and surrendered 24,000 troops.Zaloga, S.J., 2002, Poland 1939, Oxford: Osprey Publishing Ltd., Several days earlier, Rochus Misch had attempted to negotiate the surrender of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Battle Of Wola Cyrusowa
The Battle of Wola Cyrusowa took place on 8 September 1939 near the village of Wola Cyrusowa near Stryków in Poland, during the September Campaign. It was fought between the forces of the Polish Piotrków Operational Group under Gen. Wiktor Thommée and the German 10th Infantry Division. In the effect of a successive delaying action, the Polish forces managed to regroup and withdraw eastwards while at the same time inflicting heavy losses on the opposing unit. However, their victory was only a temporary setback for the Nazi invasion of Poland. Prelude Due to the strategic errors made by Gen. Juliusz Rómmel, the commander of the Łódź Army, the Polish units that were to form a defensive wedge against the German assault towards Warsaw were dislocated too close to the German border. Because of that, the Piotrków Operational Group, along with the rest of that army's units, entered contact with enemy forces already on September 1 and lost the chance to successfully support the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Antoni Staich
Antoni is a Catalan, Polish, and Slovene given name and a surname used in the eastern part of Spain, Poland and Slovenia. As a Catalan given name it is a variant of the male names Anton and Antonio. As a Polish given name it is a variant of the female names Antonia and Antonina. As a Slovene name it is a variant of the male names Anton, Antonij and Antonijo and the female name Antonija. As a surname it is derived from the Antonius root name. It may refer to: Given name * Antoni Brzeżańczyk, Polish football player and manager * Antoni Derezinski, Northern Irish Strongman * Antoni Gaudi, Catalan architect * Antoni Kenar, Polish sculptor * Antoni Lima, Catalan footballer * Antoni Lomnicki, Polish mathematician * Antoni Melchior Fijałkowski, Polish bishop * Antoni Niemczak, Polish long-distance runner * Józef Antoni Poniatowski, Polish prince and Marshal of France * Antoni Porowski, Polish-Canadian chef, actor, and television personality * Antoni Radziwiłł, Polish politician * ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Battle Of Borowa Góra
Battle of Borowa Góra ( pl, Bitwa pod Borową Górą) refers to the series of battles from 2 to 5 September 1939 that took place near the Góry Borowskie hills, south west from Piotrków Trybunalski and east of Bełchatów. The battle, fought between the Wehrmacht and the Polish Army in the vicinity of Łódź, was a direct consequence of the '' Battle of the Border'', an early part of the German Invasion of Poland The three hills (278 meters above sea level) formed an important strategic point that the German XVI Army Corps needed to break through in order to advance toward Radomsko, Piotrków Trybunalski and Bełchatów, and further into central Poland. The area was defended by the Polish 2nd Legions' Infantry Regiment (part of the 2nd Legions Infantry Division), under Col. Ludwik Czyżewski, and the 146th Infantry Regiment (part of the 44th Infantry Division), under Col. Artur Pollak. Both Polish units belonged to Łódź Army. The invading German XVI Army Corps consisted ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zelów
Zelów ( cs, Zelov; german: 1943–45 Sellau) is a town in Bełchatów County, Łódź Voivodeship, Poland, with 7,459 inhabitants (2020). History Zelów was probably founded in the 13th century, when it was part of fragmented Piast-ruled Poland. It was mentioned in documents in 1441. In 1802 the town was purchased by Czech colonists from Czernin, Mały Tabor, and Duży Tabor. The official act of purchase dated- 21 December 1802, says, that Józef Świdziński sold the village with all its surrounding grounds, forests, buildings, etc. for a figure of 25,666 Prussian thalers, which was equivalent to 154,000 Polish zlotych. The former owner of the land promised to relocate the peasants living in the territory, however, according to the contract, they had a right to harvest crops of what they planted during fall. First Czech families that came into Zelów in 1803, had soon begun to build houses and communal buildings since the existing ones were not enough to accommodate the group o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Łask
Łask (; german: Lask) is a town in central Poland with 16,925 inhabitants (2020). It is the capital of Łask County, and is situated in Łódź Voivodeship (since 1999), previously in Sieradz Voivodeship (1975–1998). The Polish Air Force's 32nd Air Base is located nearby. Vassal of Zduńska Wola. History Łask was founded in the 11th century, and from the 14th century it was the seat of the powerful Łaski noble family. Korab, the family's coat of arms, remains the town's coat of arms to this day. The first mention of Łask comes from 1356. A church was built in 1366, and in 1498 Polish prince and Primate of Poland Frederick Jagiellon founded a hospital for the poor. In 1422 it was granted town rights modeled on Środa Śląska by virtue of a document issued by Polish king Władysław II Jagiełło in Mielno. The king also set up an annual fair and a weekly market. In 1504, King Alexander Jagiellon confirmed and extended the privileges.''Słownik geograficzny Królestwa Polsk ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Army Łódź
An army (from Old French ''armee'', itself derived from the Latin verb ''armāre'', meaning "to arm", and related to the Latin noun ''arma'', meaning "arms" or "weapons"), ground force or land force is a fighting force that fights primarily on land. In the broadest sense, it is the land-based military branch, service branch or armed service of a nation or country. It may also include aviation assets by possessing an army aviation component. Within a national military force, the word army may also mean a field army. In some countries, such as France and China, the term "army", especially in its plural form "armies", has the broader meaning of armed forces as a whole, while retaining the colloquial sense of land forces. To differentiate the colloquial army from the formal concept of military force, the term is qualified, for example in France the land force is called ''Armée de terre'', meaning Land Army, and the air and space force is called ''Armée de l'Air et de l’Espace' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lesser Poland
Lesser Poland, often known by its Polish name Małopolska ( la, Polonia Minor), is a historical region situated in southern and south-eastern Poland. Its capital and largest city is Kraków. Throughout centuries, Lesser Poland developed a separate culture featuring diverse architecture, folk costumes, dances, cuisine, traditions and a rare Lesser Polish dialect. The region is rich in historical landmarks, monuments, castles, natural scenery and UNESCO World Heritage Sites. The region should not be confused with the modern Lesser Poland Voivodeship, which covers only the southwestern part of Lesser Poland. Historical Lesser Poland was much larger than the current voivodeship that bears its name. It reached from Bielsko-Biała in the southwest as far as to Siedlce in the northeast. It consisted of the three voivodeships of Kraków, Sandomierz and Lublin. It comprised almost 60,000 km2 in area; today's population in this area is about 9,000,000 inhabitants. Its landscap ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
