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Plasmodium Ovale
''Plasmodium ovale'' is a species of parasitic protozoon that causes tertian malaria in humans. It is one of several species of ''Plasmodium'' parasites that infect humans, including ''Plasmodium falciparum'' and ''Plasmodium vivax'' which are responsible for most cases of malaria in the world. ''P. ovale'' is rare compared to these two parasites, and substantially less dangerous than ''P. falciparum''. ''P. ovale'' has recently been shown by genetic methods to consist of what is considered to be two species (despite having been given subspecies names), namely '' P. ovale curtisi'' and '' P. ovale wallikeri''. History This species was first described in 1914 by Stephens in a blood sample taken in the autumn of 1913 from a patient in the sanitarium of Pachmari in central India and sent by Major W. H. Kenrick to Stephens (who was working in Liverpool). Epidemiology ''P. ovale'' is primarily concentrated in sub-Saharan Africa and islands in the western Pacific. However ' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Plasmodium Ovale Wallikeri
''Plasmodium ovale wallikeri'' is a subspecies of parasitic protozoa that causes tertian malaria in humans. The subspecies was described in 2010 when it was established that the two subspecies of ''Plasmodium ovale,'' while morphologically identical are genetically distinct.'''' Epidemiology ''Plasmodium ovale wallikeri'' has been identified in Ghana, Myanmar, Nigeria, São Tomé, Sierra Leone and Uganda. Clinical features Clinical features for ''P. ovale wallikeri'' are described in the article on ''Plasmodium ovale ''Plasmodium ovale'' is a species of parasitic protozoon that causes tertian malaria in humans. It is one of several species of ''Plasmodium'' parasites that infect humans, including ''Plasmodium falciparum'' and ''Plasmodium vivax'' which are ...''. Phylogenetics This species separated from its closest known relative - ''Plasmodium ovale curtisi'' - between 1.0 and 3.5 million years ago. References {{Taxonbar, from=Q7201935 ovale wallikeri Subspecies ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Plasmodium Ovale Curtisi
''Plasmodium ovale curtisi'' is a subspecies of parasitic protozoa that causes tertian malaria in humans. The subspecies was described in 2010 when it was established that the two subspecies of ''Plasmodium ovale,'' while morphologically identical are genetically distinct.'''' Epidemiology ''P. ovale'' ''curtisi'' has been identified in Ghana, Myanmar, Nigeria, São Tomé, Sierra Leone and Uganda. Clinical features Clinical features for ''P. ovale'' ''curtisi'' are described in the article on ''Plasmodium ovale ''Plasmodium ovale'' is a species of parasitic protozoon that causes tertian malaria in humans. It is one of several species of ''Plasmodium'' parasites that infect humans, including ''Plasmodium falciparum'' and ''Plasmodium vivax'' which are ...''. Phylogenetics This species separated from its closest known relative'','' ''Plasmodium ovale wallikeri'', between 1.0 and 3.5 million years ago. References {{Taxonbar, from=Q7201933 ovale curtisi Subspecies ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Trophozoite
A trophozoite (G. ''trope'', nourishment + ''zoon'', animal) is the activated, feeding stage in the life cycle of certain protozoa such as malaria-causing ''Plasmodium falciparum'' and those of the '' Giardia'' group. (The complement of the trophozoite state is the thick-walled cyst form). Life cycle stages Trophozoite and cyst stages are shown in the life cycle of '' Balantidium coli'' the causative agent of balantidiasis. In the apicomplexan life cycle the trophozoite undergoes schizogony (asexual reproduction) and develops into a schizont which contains merozoites Apicomplexans, a group of intracellular parasites, have life cycle stages that allow them to survive the wide variety of environments they are exposed to during their complex life cycle. Each stage in the life cycle of an apicomplexan organism is .... The trophozoite life stage of '' Giardia'' colonizes and proliferates in the small intestine. Trophozoites develop during the course of the infection into cysts whic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bangladesh
Bangladesh (}, ), officially the People's Republic of Bangladesh, is a country in South Asia. It is the eighth-most populous country in the world, with a population exceeding 165 million people in an area of . Bangladesh is among the most densely populated countries in the world, and shares land borders with India to the west, north, and east, and Myanmar to the southeast; to the south it has a coastline along the Bay of Bengal. It is narrowly separated from Bhutan and Nepal by the Siliguri Corridor; and from China by the Indian state of Sikkim in the north. Dhaka, the capital and largest city, is the nation's political, financial and cultural centre. Chittagong, the second-largest city, is the busiest port on the Bay of Bengal. The official language is Bengali, one of the easternmost branches of the Indo-European language family. Bangladesh forms the sovereign part of the historic and ethnolinguistic region of Bengal, which was divided during the Partition of India in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
EDTA
Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) is an aminopolycarboxylic acid with the formula H2N(CH2CO2H)2sub>2. This white, water-soluble solid is widely used to bind to iron (Fe2+/Fe3+) and calcium ions (Ca2+), forming water-soluble complexes even at neutral pH. It is thus used to dissolve Fe- and Ca-containing scale as well as to deliver iron ions under conditions where its oxides are insoluble. EDTA is available as several salts, notably disodium EDTA, sodium calcium edetate, and tetrasodium EDTA, but these all function similarly. Uses Textile industry In industry, EDTA is mainly used to sequester (bind or confine) metal ions in aqueous solution. In the textile industry, it prevents metal ion impurities from modifying colours of dyed products. In the pulp and paper industry, EDTA inhibits the ability of metal ions, especially Mn2+, from catalysing the disproportionation of hydrogen peroxide, which is used in chlorine-free bleaching. In a similar manner, EDTA is added ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Schizont
Apicomplexans, a group of intracellular parasites, have life cycle stages that allow them to survive the wide variety of environments they are exposed to during their complex life cycle. Each stage in the life cycle of an apicomplexan organism is typified by a ''cellular variety'' with a distinct morphology and biochemistry. Not all apicomplexa develop all the following cellular varieties and division methods. This presentation is intended as an outline of a hypothetical generalised apicomplexan organism. Methods of asexual replication Apicomplexans (sporozoans) replicate via ways of multiple fission (also known as schizogony). These ways include , and , although the latter is sometimes referred to as schizogony, despite its general meaning. Merogony is an asexually reproductive process of apicomplexa. After infecting a host cell, a trophozoite ( see glossary below) increases in size while repeatedly replicating its nucleus and other organelles. During this process, the orga ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sydney Price James
Lieutenant Colonel Sydney Price James (17 September 1870 – 17 April 1946) was a British physician, parasitologist, and malariologist who served in the Indian Medical Service. Life and work James was born at Highgate to the Hereford family of Thomas Edward and Margaret, daughter of Rev. George Price. As a child he read books on travel and adventure and took a keen interest in outdoors natural history. An older brother went to South Africa with the navy and died from malaria in 1900, another was a keen photographer who invented Velox paper, and still another became a farmer in Rhodesia. He went to study medicine at Guy's Hospital but a scholarship at St Mary's Hospital made him move and he graduated in 1895. He joined the Indian Medical Service in 1896 and trained at Netley before reaching Bombay. He was posted in Waziristan in 1897 to deal with a plague outbreak and later joined the Tochi Valley Expedition during which he was invalided by typhoid back to England. During this b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Red Blood Cell
Red blood cells (RBCs), also referred to as red cells, red blood corpuscles (in humans or other animals not having nucleus in red blood cells), haematids, erythroid cells or erythrocytes (from Greek ''erythros'' for "red" and ''kytos'' for "hollow vessel", with ''-cyte'' translated as "cell" in modern usage), are the most common type of blood cell and the vertebrate's principal means of delivering oxygen (O2) to the body tissues—via blood flow through the circulatory system. RBCs take up oxygen in the lungs, or in fish the gills, and release it into tissues while squeezing through the body's capillaries. The cytoplasm of a red blood cell is rich in hemoglobin, an iron-containing biomolecule that can bind oxygen and is responsible for the red color of the cells and the blood. Each human red blood cell contains approximately 270 million hemoglobin molecules. The cell membrane is composed of proteins and lipids, and this structure provides properties essential for physiolo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Schüffner's Dots
Schüffner's dots refers to a hematological finding that is associated with malaria, exclusively found in infections caused by ''Plasmodium ovale'' or ''Plasmodium vivax''. ''Plasmodium vivax'' induces morphologic alterations in infected host erythrocytes Red blood cells (RBCs), also referred to as red cells, red blood corpuscles (in humans or other animals not having nucleus in red blood cells), haematids, erythroid cells or erythrocytes (from Greek ''erythros'' for "red" and ''kytos'' for "holl ... that are visible by light microscopy in Romanowsky-stained blood smears as multiple brick-red dots. These morphologic changes, referred to as Schüffner's dots, are important in the identification of this species of malarial parasite and have been associated by electron microscopy with caveolavesicle complexes along the erythrocyte plasmalemma. They are named for Wilhelm Schüffner, who described them in 1904. References External links * http://pathmicro.med.sc.edu/parasito ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Microphotograph Of Plasmodium Ovale Microgametocyte In Giemsa-stained Thin Blood Film, With Schüffner's Dots And Hemozoin Pigment
Microphotographs are photographs shrunk to microscopic scale.Focal encyclopedia of photography By Michael R. Peres Focal Press, 2007 , 846 pages Microphotography is the art of making such images. Applications of microphotography include such as in the , where they are known as |
Blood Group
A blood type (also known as a blood group) is a classification of blood, based on the presence and absence of antibodies and inherited antigenic substances on the surface of red blood cells (RBCs). These antigens may be proteins, carbohydrates, glycoproteins, or glycolipids, depending on the blood group system. Some of these antigens are also present on the surface of other types of cells of various tissues. Several of these red blood cell surface antigens can stem from one allele (or an alternative version of a gene) and collectively form a blood group system. Blood types are inherited and represent contributions from both parents of an individual. , a total of 43 human blood group systems are recognized by the International Society of Blood Transfusion (ISBT). The two most important blood group systems are ABO and Rh; they determine someone's blood type (A, B, AB, and O, with + or − denoting RhD status) for suitability in blood transfusion. Blood group systems A compl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Duffy Antigen System
Duffy antigen/chemokine receptor (DARC), also known as Fy glycoprotein (FY) or CD234 (Cluster of Differentiation 234), is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''ACKR1'' gene. The Duffy antigen is located on the surface of red blood cells, and is named after the patient in whom it was discovered. The protein encoded by this gene is a glycosylated membrane protein and a non-specific receptor for several chemokines. The protein is also the receptor for the human malarial parasites ''Plasmodium vivax'', ''Plasmodium knowlesi'' and simian malarial parasite ''Plasmodium cynomolgi''. Polymorphisms in this gene are the basis of the Duffy blood group system. History It was noted in the 1920s that black Africans had some intrinsic resistance to malaria, but the basis for this remained unknown. The Duffy antigen gene was the fourth gene associated with the resistance after the genes responsible for sickle cell anaemia, thalassemia and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase. In 1950, t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
