|
Plasmodium Girardi
''Plasmodium girardi'' is a malaria parasite affecting lemurs. It was described in Madagascar in 1951 in ''Eulemur rufus'', the red-fronted lemur. It is named after Georges Girard, head of the Institut Pasteur in Antananarivo Antananarivo (French language, French: ''Tananarive'', ), also known by its colonial shorthand form Tana, is the Capital city, capital and largest city of Madagascar. The administrative area of the city, known as Antananarivo-Renivohitra ("An .... It is one of four ''Plasmodium'' species described in lemurs before 1975; others were '' Plasmodium foleyi'' and '' Plasmodium lemuris''. References {{reflist girardi Malaria ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lemur
Lemurs ( ) (from Latin ''lemures'' – ghosts or spirits) are Strepsirrhini, wet-nosed primates of the Superfamily (biology), superfamily Lemuroidea (), divided into 8 Family (biology), families and consisting of 15 genera and around 100 existing species. They are endemic to the island of Madagascar. Most existing lemurs are small, have a pointed snout, large eyes, and a long tail. They arboreal, chiefly live in trees and nocturnal, are active at night. Lemurs share resemblance with other primates, but evolved independently from monkeys and apes. Due to Madagascar's highly seasonal climate, Evolution of lemurs, lemur evolution has produced a level of species diversity rivaling that of any other primate group. Until shortly after humans arrived on the island around 2,000 years ago, there were lemurs as large as a male gorilla. Most species have been discovered or promoted to full species status since the 1990s; however, lemur Taxonomy (biology), taxonomic classification is ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Red-fronted Lemur
The red-fronted lemur (''Eulemur rufifrons''), also known as the red-fronted brown lemur or southern red-fronted brown lemur, is a species of lemur from Madagascar. Until 2001, it was considered a subspecies of the common brown lemur, ''E. fulvus''. In 2001, ''E. fulvus'' was split into several separate species, including ''Eulemur rufus'', in which this species was included. In 2008, ''E. rufus'' was split into two species, the red lemur (''E. rufus'') and the red-fronted lemur (''E. rufifrons''). ''E. rufus'' covers the population on the west coast north of the Tsiribihina River and ''E. rufifrons'' covers the population on the west coast south of the Tsiribihina River and the population in eastern Madagascar. The species split was based on genetic and morphological evidence. Mitochondrial DNA analysis indicates that ''E. rufifrons'' may be more closely related to the common brown lemur (''E. fulvus''), white-headed lemur (''E. albifrons'') and Sanford's brown lemur (''E. s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Georges Girard
Georges Girard (February 4, 1888 – February 19, 1985) was a French bacteriologist born in Isigny-sur-Mer, Calvados. He studied medicine in Bordeaux, earning his bachelor's degree in 1911, and his medical doctorate in 1913. During World War I he was a doctor of colonial troops, receiving the Croix de Guerre in 1916. From 1917 to 1920 he was a physician in charge of the bacteriology laboratory at the hospital in Diego-Suarez. In 1922 he was appointed director of the Institute of Bacteriology of Madagascar (Institut Pasteur of Antananarivo), a position he maintained until 1940.. During his tenure in Madagascar, Girard conducted studies of typhoid, tuberculosis, leprosy and especially bubonic plague. Beginning in 1898 there had been sporadic outbreaks of the plague in the country, and none of the previously developed vaccines were strong or durable enough to handle the disease. In the 1930s, Girard and his assistant, Jean Robic developed an anti-plague vaccine known as the "EV strain" ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Institut Pasteur
The Pasteur Institute (french: Institut Pasteur) is a French non-profit private foundation dedicated to the study of biology, micro-organisms, diseases, and vaccines. It is named after Louis Pasteur, who invented pasteurization and vaccines for anthrax and rabies. The institute was founded on 4 June 1887, and inaugurated on 14 November 1888. For over a century, the Institut Pasteur has researched infectious diseases. This worldwide biomedical research organization based in Paris was the first to isolate HIV, the virus that causes AIDS, in 1983. Over the years, it has been responsible for discoveries that have enabled medical science to control diseases such as diphtheria, tetanus, tuberculosis, poliomyelitis, influenza, yellow fever, and plague. Since 1908, ten Institut Pasteur scientists have been awarded the Nobel Prize for medicine and physiology—the 2008 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine was shared between two Pasteur scientists. History The Institut Pasteur was ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Antananarivo
Antananarivo ( French: ''Tananarive'', ), also known by its colonial shorthand form Tana, is the capital and largest city of Madagascar. The administrative area of the city, known as Antananarivo-Renivohitra ("Antananarivo-Mother Hill" or "Antananarivo-Capital"), is the capital of Analamanga region. The city sits at above sea level in the center of the island, the highest national capital by elevation among the island countries. It has been the country's largest population center since at least the 18th century. The presidency, National Assembly, Senate and Supreme Court are located there, as are 21 diplomatic missions and the headquarters of many national and international businesses and NGOs. It has more universities, nightclubs, art venues, and medical services than any city on the island. Several national and local sports teams, including the championship-winning national rugby team, the Makis are based here. Antananarivo was historically the capital of the Merina peop ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Plasmodium Foleyi
''Plasmodium foleyi'' is a parasite of the genus ''Plasmodium'' subgenus ''Vinckeia''. As in all ''Plasmodium'' species, ''P. foleyi'' has both vertebrate and insect hosts. The vertebrate hosts for this parasite are mammals. Description This species was described by Buck, Coudurier and Quesnel in 1952. Its description was amended by Garnham and Uilenbe. It was discovered in a splenectomised ''Lemur fulvus rufus'' in 1951 and it is named after Dr. H. Foley of the Pasteur Institute of Algeria. The infected erythrocyte becomes enlarged. Distribution This species is found in Madagascar. Hosts The only known host is the lemur Lemurs ( ) (from Latin ''lemures'' – ghosts or spirits) are Strepsirrhini, wet-nosed primates of the Superfamily (biology), superfamily Lemuroidea (), divided into 8 Family (biology), families and consisting of 15 genera and around 100 exist ... '' Lemur fulvus rufus''. References foleyi {{plasmodium-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Plasmodium Lemuris
''Plasmodium lemuris'' is a parasite of the genus ''Plasmodium'' subgenus ''Vinckeia''. Like all ''Plasmodium'' species ''P. lemuris'' has both vertebrate and insect hosts. The vertebrate hosts for this parasite are mammals. Taxonomy This species was first described by Huff and Hoogstraal in 1963 in the black lemur ''Lemur collaris''.Huff C.G.,Hoogstraal H. J. (1963) ''Plasmodium lemuris'' N. Sp., from ''Lemur collaris'' E. Geoffroy. J. Infect Dis. 112:233-236 This species may belong to the genus ''Haemoproteus'' rather than to ''Plasmodium''. Clarification of this point awaits examination of the organism's DNA. Distribution This species is found in Madagascar. Hosts The known hosts include the lemurs ''Lemur macaco, Lemur macaco macaco'' and ''Lemur collaris''. The infected erythrocyte is enlarged (+/- 10 micrometres) and distorted in shape and in many instances is almost completely filled by the parasite. Young trophozoites are small and occupy three-tenths to four ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Plasmodium
''Plasmodium'' is a genus of unicellular eukaryotes that are obligate parasites of vertebrates and insects. The life cycles of ''Plasmodium'' species involve development in a blood-feeding insect host which then injects parasites into a vertebrate host during a blood meal. Parasites grow within a vertebrate body tissue (often the liver) before entering the bloodstream to infect red blood cells. The ensuing destruction of host red blood cells can result in malaria. During this infection, some parasites are picked up by a blood-feeding insect (mosquitoes in majority cases), continuing the life cycle. ''Plasmodium'' is a member of the phylum Apicomplexa, a large group of parasitic eukaryotes. Within Apicomplexa, ''Plasmodium'' is in the order Haemosporida and family Plasmodiidae. Over 200 species of ''Plasmodium'' have been described, many of which have been subdivided into 14 subgenera based on parasite morphology and host range. Evolutionary relationships among different ''Pl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
