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Petrus (given Name)
Petrus is a Latin name derived from the Greek meaning "rock", and is the common English prefix "petro-" used to describe rock-based substances, like petros-oleum or "rock oil." As the source of Peter, it is a common name for people from antiquity through the medieval era. In the Netherlands, Belgium and South Africa it remained a very common given name, though in daily life, many use less formal forms like ''Peter'', ''Pierre'', '' Piet'' and ''Pieter''. People with the name * Petrus, Saint Peter, a Christian apostle and a founder of the Church * Petrus (archbishop of Uppsala), third archbishop of Uppsala, Sweden, between 1187-1197 Latinized medieval and Renaissance name *Petrus Abailardus, Latin name for Peter Abelard (1079–1142) * Petrus de Abano (''Pietro d'Abano''; 1257–1315), Italian philosopher and doctor *Petrus Alphonsi (fl. 1106–1110), Spanish Jewish writer * Petrus Augustus (545–602), Byzantine curopalates *Petrus Aureolus (1280–1322), French theologian * Petrus ...
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Latin Language
Latin (, or , ) is a classical language belonging to the Italic languages, Italic branch of the Indo-European languages. Latin was originally a dialect spoken in the lower Tiber area (then known as Latium) around present-day Rome, but through the power of the Roman Republic it became the dominant language in the Italy (geographical region), Italian region and subsequently throughout the Roman Empire. Even after the Fall of the Western Roman Empire, fall of Western Rome, Latin remained the common language of international communication, science, scholarship and academia in Europe until well into the 18th century, when other regional vernaculars (including its own descendants, the Romance languages) supplanted it in common academic and political usage, and it eventually became a dead language in the modern linguistic definition. Latin is a fusional language, highly inflected language, with three distinct grammatical gender, genders (masculine, feminine, and neuter), six or seven ...
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Petrus Aureolus
Petrus AureolusAlso known as: Petrus Aureoli, Peter Auriol, and Pierre Auriol; also Aureol, Aureole or Oriol. ( – 10 January 1322) was a scholastic philosopher and theologian. Little of his life before 1312 is known. After this time, he taught at the Franciscan convent in Bologna, then at the convent in Toulouse, around 1314. He went to Paris in 1316 in order to qualify for his doctorate, where he read the ''Sentences''. In 1318 he was appointed master of theology at the University of Paris. In 1321, he was appointed by his mentor, Pope John XXII, to the position of Archbishop of Aix-en-Provence, but died not long after in 1322. Works and doctrine Auriol's first work was on evangelical poverty, where he argued for a moderate position between those of the Fraticelli, spirituals and Conventual Franciscans, conventuals. He is best known for the enormous ''Scriptum super primum Sententiarum'', his commentary on the Sentences of Peter Lombard, which runs to more than 1100 folio ...
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Petrus Dathenus
Pieter Datheen, Latin Petrus Dathenus, English, Peter Datheen, (Cassel, Nord, c.1531 - Elbing, 17 March 1588) was a Dutch Calvinist theologian, the 16th century reformer of The Netherlands, who accomplished many things for the advancement the Reformed Church liturgy and ecclesiastical polity. First, he translated the Heidelberg Catechism into Dutch. Second, using the singing work of John Calvin, Theodore Beza, Peter Marot, and Louis Bourgeois, Datheen set the Psalms and psalter to verse and tune in Dutch (1566), though his settings were overshadowed by those of Philips of Marnix, Lord of Saint-Aldegonde, Philips Marnix van St Aldegonde. Third, he translated the famous "Form for the Administration of Holy Baptism" from Heidelberg Catechism, Heidelberg with its very orthodox emphasis on the Covenant of Grace containing two parts. Fourth, he translated the equally famous "Form for the Administration of the Lord's Supper," also from the Palatinate (region), Palatinate, still used by ...
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Petrus Dasypodius
Petrus Dasypodius (''Peter Hasenfratz'', ca. 1495–1559) was a Swiss humanist. Born in Frauenfeld, he was a teacher and pastor in Zürich from 1527. Due to the Swiss Reformation, he was forced to move back to Frauenfeld in 1530. In 1533, he went to Strasbourg, where he taught Latin at the Carmelite monastery, and later at the ''Gymnasium Argentinense''. Petrus was the author of a number of dictionaries, Latin-German, Greek-Latin, Greek-Latin-German, Latin-German-Polish, Latin-German-Czech. His ''Dictionarium Latinogermanicum'' of 1535 is one of the earliest German dictionaries published. It was reprinted in Strasbourg in numerous editions until the end of the 16th century (ed. Rihel) and into the 17th; Rreprints also appeared in Antwerp (Montanus 1542), Cologne (Metternich 1633), Amsterdam (1650), Frankfurt (Schönwetter 1653) The 2nd edition of 1536 was reprinted in 1974 and 1995 (ed. Olms, ). Petrus was the father of mathematician and astronomer Conrad Dasypodius (1530/32&n ...
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Petrus De Dacia (Swedish Monk)
Petrus de Dacia (ca. 1235–1289) was a 13th-century Swedish friar of the Dominican Order. He was most noted for his correspondence with the mystic and ecstatic Christina von Stommeln. Though he wrote in Latin, Petrus de Dacia is often credited as the first author in Sweden. Biography Peter of Dacia was born around 1235 on the Swedish island of Gotland. He entered the Dominican order and studied in Cologne from 1266 to 1269 and in Paris from 1269 to 1270. In 1271 he was appointed lector in the convent at Skänninge in Östergötland. in 1283 he was became Prior of Sankt Nicolaus abbey church in Gotland where he died in 1288. While at Cologne, he had met Christina von Stommeln (1242–1312). Christina lived around Stommeln near Cologne and had entered the convent of the Beguines at Cologne. Over a period of two decades, she reportedly received stigmata Stigmata ( grc, στίγματα, plural of , 'mark, spot, brand'), in Roman Catholicism, are bodily wounds, sca ...
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Petrus Cunaeus
Petrus Cunaeus (1586, in Vlissingen – 2 December 1638, in Leiden) was the pen name of the Dutch Christian scholar Peter van der Kun. His book ''The Hebrew Republic'' is considered "the most powerful statement of republican theory in the early years of the Dutch Republic."Tuck, Richard, Philosophy and government, 1572-1651, Cambridge, 1993, p. 169 Biography Cunaeus enrolled at the University of Leyden at the age of fourteen, where he studied Greek and Hebrew. Following a trip to England in 1603, he returned to Leyden to study theology and jurisprudence. He was introduced to rabbinic studies and Aramaic by Johannes Drusius. In 1612, Cunaeus became a professor of Latin, in 1613 of politics, and in 1615 of jurisprudence, a position he held until his death.Petrus Cunaeus on Theocracy, Jubilee and the Latifundia, by Jonathan R. Ziskind, The Jewish Quarterly Review, New Ser., Vol. 68, No. 4. (Apr., 1978), pp. 235-254. Cunaeus wrote at the peak of Protestant interest in Jewis ...
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Petrus De Cruce
Petrus de Cruce (also Pierre de la Croix) was active as a cleric, composer and music theorist in the late part of the 13th century. His main contribution was to the notational system. Life 13th-century composer, theorist, and scholar, Petrus de Cruce was apparently born in or near Amiens, in north-central France; for dates we know only that he was active in the years around 1290. He held the title of ''magistar,'' indicating that he probably studied at the University of Paris. Given the overlap of their lives and supposed tenures at Paris, Petrus may have been Franco of Cologne's student. It is recorded that in 1298 he composed a monophonic office for the royal palace chapel at Paris, and that in 1301–2, he resided at the court of the Bishop of Amiens, undoubtedly as a member of his clerical staff, and most likely his chapel staff as well. Petrus died before 1347, since in that year is the first reference in the inventory of Amiens Cathedral to its possession of a polyphoni ...
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Petrus Comestor
Petrus Comestor, also called Pierre le Mangeur (died 22 October 1178), was a twelfth-century French theological writer and university teacher. Life Petrus Comestor was born in Troyes. Although the name ''Comestor'' (Latin for 'eater', ''le Mangeur'' in French) was popularly attributed to his habit of devouring books and learning, it was probably, and more prosaically, a family name. It did, however, give Peter a nice pun for his epitaph (supposed to have been composed by him): Petrus eram quem petra tegit,/ dictusque Comestor nunc comedor (I was Peter, whom this stone covers,/ called 'devourer', now I am devoured). (For a text of it, see Petrus Comestor.) As a young man, Peter studied at Troyes Cathedral school, where he might have come into contact with Peter Abelard.; sometime later, he was a student in Paris under, amongst others, Peter Lombard. By 1147, he was back in Troyes, having been appointed dean of Troyes Cathedral. By 1160, Peter had returned to Paris to teach, ho ...
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Petrus Christus
Petrus Christus (; 1410/1420 – 1475/1476) was an Early Netherlandish painter active in Bruges from 1444, where, along with Hans Memling, he became the leading painter after the death of Jan van Eyck. He was influenced by van Eyck and Rogier van der Weyden and is noted for his innovations with linear perspective and a meticulous technique which seems derived from miniatures and manuscript illumination. Today, some 30 works are confidently attributed to him.Petrus Christus (active by 1444, died 1475/76)
. Metropolitan Museum of Art. Retrieved 9 March 2014
The best known include the '''' (1446) and ''
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Peter Of Capua The Elder
Peter of Capua ( it, Pietro Capuano; la, Petrus Capuanus; died 30 August 1214) was an Italian scholastic theologian and prelate. He served as cardinal-deacon of Santa Maria in Via Lata from 1193 until 1201 and cardinal-priest of San Marcello al Corso from 1201 until his death. He often worked as a papal legate. He wrote several theological works and was a patron of his hometown of Amalfi. He is sometimes called "Peter of Capua the Elder" to distinguish him from his nephew, Peter of Capua the Younger (died 1236), who was also educated in Paris and taught there, and later became a cardinal. Family Peter belonged to an illustrious family of Lombard descent from Amalfi in the kingdom of Sicily. His earliest known ancestor was Lando ''de Prata'', a relative of the last independent duke of Amalfi, Marinus Sebastus (). His father, Landulf ( 1161–1176, dead by 1201), was a son of Manso and great-grandson of Lando. His mother's name is unknown, but she belonged to the Vulcano fami ...
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Petrus Canisius
Peter Canisius ( nl, Pieter Kanis; 8 May 1521 – 21 December 1597) was a Dutch Jesuit Catholic priest. He became known for his strong support for the Catholic faith during the Protestant Reformation in Germany, Austria, Bohemia, Moravia, Switzerland and the British Isles. The restoration of the Catholic Church in Germany after the Protestant Reformation is largely attributed to the work there of the Society of Jesus, which he led. He is venerated in the Catholic Church as a saint and as a Doctor of the Church. Life He was born in 1521 in Nijmegen in the Duchy of Guelders, which, until 1549, was part of the Habsburg Netherlands within the Holy Roman Empire and is now the Netherlands. His father was a wealthy burgermeister, Jacob Kanis. His mother, Ægidia van Houweningen, died shortly after Peter's birth. He was sent to study at the University of Cologne, where he earned a master's degree in 1540, at the age of 19.
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Petrus Bonus
Petrus Bonus (Latin for "Peter the Good"; it, Pietro Antonio Boni) was a late medieval alchemist. He is best known for his ''Precious Pearl'' ( la, Margarita Preciosa) or ''Precious New Pearl'' ('), an influential alchemical text composed sometime between 1330 and 1339. He was said to have been a physician at Ferrara in Italy, causing him to sometimes be known as Petrus Bonus of Ferrara or as Petrus Bonus the Lombard ('). ''An Introduction to the Divine Art'' (') is also attributed to him but was printed much later, in 1572. ''Pretiosa margarita novella'' The text is primarily a theoretical one. The author admits to having little practical expertise and rather tries to establish alchemy on authentically philosophical grounds and to integrate it into the medieval scientific canon.Didier Kahn, ''Alchimie et paracelsisme en France à la fin de la Renaissance (1567-1625)'', Cahiers d'Humanisme et Renaissance (Droz, 2007), 42-45 In contrast to other alchemical texts of the same period, l ...
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