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Peraxilla Tetrapetala
''Peraxilla tetrapetala'', or red mistletoe, is a parasitic plant in the family Loranthaceae, endemic to New Zealand and found on both the North and South Islands. The Māori names for the plant are pikirangi, pirirangi and roeroe. It is a shrub up to one metre tall with glabrous leaves. The flowers are 4–5 mm long, bright red to orange in colour which split open to the base. Red mistletoe mainly parasitises ''Quintinia'' and ''Nothofagus'' species. Its principal host is the black/mountain beech (''Nothofagus solandri'' complex). However, north of latitude 38°S this species utilises tawheowheo (''Quintinia serrata''), and in the far north has been found on pohutukawa (''Metrosideros excelsa''), puriri (''Vitex lucens'') and towai (''Weinmannia sylvicola''), and hence, is the most widely distributed beech mistletoe. ''P. tetrapetala'' is hermaphroditic, self-compatible, and is both bird-pollinated and bird-dispersed, yet has an explosive bud-opening mechanism. It is tho ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Carl Linnaeus The Younger
Carl Linnaeus the Younger, Carolus Linnaeus the Younger, Carl von Linné den yngre (Swedish; abbreviated Carl von Linné d. y.), or ''Linnaeus filius'' (Latin for ''Linnaeus the son''; abbreviated L.fil. (outdated) or L.f. (modern) as a botanical authority; 20 January 1741 – 1 November 1783) was a Swedish naturalist. His names distinguish him from his father, the pioneering taxonomist Carl Linnaeus (1707–1778). Biography Carl Linnaeus the Younger was enrolled at the University of Uppsala at the age of nine and was taught science by his father's students, including Pehr Löfling, Daniel Solander, and Johan Peter Falk. In 1763, aged just 22, he succeeded his father as the head of Practical Medicine at Uppsala. His promotion to professor — without taking exams or defending a thesis — caused resentment among his colleagues. His work was modest in comparison to that of his father. His best-known work is the '' Supplementum Plantarum systematis vegetabilium'' of 1781, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Quintinia Serrata
''Quintinia serrata'', the tawheowheo, is a species of evergreen trees in the genus ''Quintinia ''Quintinia'' is a genus of about 25 evergreen trees and shrubs native to the Philippines, New Guinea, New Zealand, New Caledonia, Vanuatu and Australia. Plants have alternate leaves. White or lilac flowers form at the end of stalks or on leaf ax ...'' endemic to New Zealand. This plant has different patterns of anthocyanins ( cyanidin 3-O-glucoside and cyanidin 3-O-galactoside) in its leaves to protect the shade-adapted chloroplasts from direct sun light.Functional role of anthocyanins in the leaves of Quintinia serrata A. Cunn. Kevin S. Gould, Kenneth R. Markham, Richard H. Smith and Jessica J. Goris, J. Exp. Bot., 2000, volume 51, issue 347, pages 1107-1115, References External links * * Paracryphiales Plants described in 1839 Endemic flora of New Zealand Trees of New Zealand {{asterid-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Red Mistletoe, Hopkins River, New Zealand
Red is the color at the long wavelength end of the visible spectrum of light, next to orange and opposite violet. It has a dominant wavelength of approximately 625–740 nanometres. It is a primary color in the RGB color model and a secondary color (made from magenta and yellow) in the CMYK color model, and is the complementary color of cyan. Reds range from the brilliant yellow-tinged scarlet and vermillion to bluish-red crimson, and vary in shade from the pale red pink to the dark red burgundy. Red pigment made from ochre was one of the first colors used in prehistoric art. The Ancient Egyptians and Mayans colored their faces red in ceremonies; Roman generals had their bodies colored red to celebrate victories. It was also an important color in China, where it was used to color early pottery and later the gates and walls of palaces. In the Renaissance, the brilliant red costumes for the nobility and wealthy were dyed with kermes and cochineal. The 19th century ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Conservation (ethic)
Nature conservation is the moral philosophy and conservation movement focused on protecting species from extinction, maintaining and restoring habitats, enhancing ecosystem services, and protecting biological diversity. A range of values underlie conservation, which can be guided by biocentrism, anthropocentrism, ecocentrism, and sentientism, environmental ideologies that inform ecocultural practices and identities. There has recently been a movement towards evidence-based conservation which calls for greater use of scientific evidence to improve the effectiveness of conservation efforts. As of 2018 15% of land and 7.3% of the oceans were protected. Many environmentalists set a target of protecting 30% of land and marine territory by 2030. In 2021, 16.64% of land and 7.9% of the oceans were protected. The 2022 IPCC report on climate impacts and adaptation, underlines the need to conserve 30% to 50% of the Earth's land, freshwater and ocean areas – echoing the 30% goal of t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
New Zealand Threat Classification System
The New Zealand Threat Classification System is used by the Department of Conservation to assess conservation priorities of species in New Zealand. The system was developed because the IUCN Red List, a similar conservation status system, had some shortcomings for the unique requirements of conservation ranking in New Zealand. plants, animals, and fungi are evaluated, though the lattermost has yet to be published. Algae were assessed in 2005 but not reassessed since. Other protists have not been evaluated. Categories Species that are ranked are assigned categories: ;Threatened This category has three major divisions: ::*Nationally Critical - equivalent to the IUCN category of Critically endangered ::*Nationally Endangered - equivalent to the IUCN category of Endangered ::*Nationally Vulnerable - equivalent to the IUCN category of Vulnerable ;At Risk This has four categories: ::*Declining ::*Recovering ::*Relict ::*Naturally Uncommon ;Other categories ;;Introduced and Natur ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Common Brushtail Possum In New Zealand
The common brushtail possum (''Trichosurus vulpecula'') was introduced from Australia to New Zealand, where it has become a major agricultural and conservation pest. (In Māori it is called paihamu, a transliteration of "possum".) Introduction by European settlers European settlers aiming to establish a wild source for food and fibre and fur pelts for clothing introduced the common brushtail possum from Australia (from Victorian and Tasmanian populations) to New Zealand in the 1850s. Even as late as 1936 the government refused Taranaki Acclimatisation Society permission to introduce a new strain of possums and in 1937 the Waitaki Acclimatisation Society proposed a closed season to allow numbers to recover. The earliest introduction may have been at Riverton/Aparima in 1840. An article in Nature in 1870 warned of the dangers, as did farmers and fruit growers, but some academics supported introduction and the Department of Tourist and Health Resorts was still introducing poss ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
New Zealand Journal Of Ecology
The ''New Zealand Journal of Ecology'' is a biannual peer-reviewed scientific journal publishing ecological research relevant to New Zealand and the South Pacific. It has been published since 1952, firstly as a 1952 issue of ''New Zealand Science Review'' and then as the ''Proceedings of the New Zealand Ecological Society'' until 1977. The Journal is published by the New Zealand Ecological Society, and is covered by Current Contents/Agriculture, Biology and Environmental Science, GEOBASE, and Geo Abstracts. George Perry is the journal's current editor, with Katherine Russell as technical editor. Free access is available to all issues in PDF format on thjournal website The compilation of PDF files from issues dating back to 1953 was funded by the New Zealand Government's ''Terrestrial and Freshwater Biodiversity Information System''. References Ecology journals Journal of Ecology The ''Journal of Ecology'' is a bimonthly peer-reviewed scientific journal covering all aspects ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zelleria Maculata
''Zelleria maculata'' is a moth species of the family Yponomeutidae. This species was described by Alfred Philpott in 1930. It is endemic to New Zealand and is found on both the North and South Islands. This species inhabits native forest and prefers interior rather than edge habitat. Larvae feed on species of endangered mistletoe, including ''Peraxilla tetrapetala'' and ''Peraxilla colensoi'', first by mining their leaves and then by consuming parts of flowers or leaves. By feeding on flower parts ''Z. maculata'' larvae affect the production of seeds of its endangered hosts. Adults are on the wing from August until February and likely have one brood a year. Adult moths rest in a steep angled head down tail up posture. A parasitic wasp in the genus '' Campoplex'' predates the larvae of ''Z. maculata''. Taxonomy ''Z. maculata'' was first described by Alfred Philpott in 1930 using specimens collected at Mount Maungatua, Otago by Charles E. Clarke in December and January. Georg ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Weinmannia Sylvicola
''Weinmannia sylvicola'', known as tōwai or tawhero, is a medium-sized evergreen tree of the family Cunoniaceae native to northern New Zealand. It grows to 15 m or more, with a trunk up to 1 m in diameter. Adult leaves are toothed and leathery, with up to five pairs of leaflets. Juvenile leaves are thinner and have up to ten pairs of leaflets. Flowers are small and pink or white, occurring in 8–12 cm racemes. Fruits are 4–5 cm capsules, which release many tiny seeds that are dispersed by wind. Tōwai occurs in forest and forest margins from North Cape south to the Waitākere Ranges west of Auckland. A closely related tree, kāmahi (''W. racemosa''), replaces tōwai south of latitude 37°S. File:WeinmanniaSilvicola.jpg, Foliage File:Towai-flowers.jpg, Flowers References {{Taxonbar, from=Q18009707 Trees of New Zealand sylvicola ''Sylvicola'' is a genus of wood gnats in the family Anisopodidae. There are more than 80 described species in ''S ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vitex Lucens
''Vitex lucens'', or pūriri, is an evergreen tree endemic to New Zealand. History Pūriri was first collected (by Europeans) at Tolaga Bay by Banks and Solander during Cook's first visit in 1769. The plant was excellently described by Solander in his manuscript "Primitae Florae Novae Zelandiae" under the name ''Ephielis pentaphylla'', and a drawing of considerable artistic merit was also prepared.Cheeseman (1914) Illustrations of the New Zealand Flora. Vol 2. The next botanist to notice pūriri, Allan Cunningham, did not do so until 1826 when he observed it on "the rocky shores of Bay of Islands, growing frequently within the range of salt water." Cunningham named it ''Vitex littoralis'', correctly assigning it to the genus ''Vitex'' but overlooking that "littoralis" had been used for a Malayan species 4 years earlier. Thomas Kirk proposed ''V. lucens'' in 1897 after attention had been drawn to the fact that ''V. littoralis'' was taken.A.C. Dijkgraaf (1994) Propagation and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Metrosideros Excelsa
''Metrosideros excelsa'', commonly known as pōhutukawa ( mi, pōhutukawa), New Zealand Christmas tree, New Zealand Christmas bush, and iron tree, is a coastal evergreen tree in the Myrtus, myrtle family, Myrtaceae, that produces a brilliant display of red (or occasionally orange, yellow or white) flowers, each consisting of a mass of stamens. The pōhutukawa is one of twelve ''Metrosideros'' species Endemism, endemic to New Zealand. Renowned for its vibrant colour and its ability to survive even perched on rocky, precarious cliffs, it has found an important place in New Zealand culture for its strength and beauty, and is regarded as a chiefly tree (') by Māori people, Māori. Etymology The generic name ''Metrosideros'' derives from the Ancient Greek language, Ancient Greek ' or "heartwood" and ' or "iron". The specific name (botany), species name ''excelsa'' is from Latin language, Latin ', "highest, sublime". ' is a Māori language, Māori word. Its closest equivalent in othe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nothofagus Solandri
''Nothofagus solandri'' var. ''solandri'', commonly called black beech, is a variety of the tree species ''Nothofagus solandri'', endemic to New Zealand. Black beech occurs on both the North and the South Island at low altitudes up to the mountains. The other variety of ''N. solandri'' is called mountain beech or ''Nothofagus solandri'' var. ''cliffortioides'', and grows at higher altitudes than black beech. In New Zealand the taxon is called ''Fuscospora solandri''. Black beech is a medium-sized evergreen tree growing to 27 m tall. The leaves are oppositely arranged, ovoid, 10 mm long and 5 mm broad, with smooth margins. Black beech is known as black beech because it is prone to a sooty mold which covers the trunk and branches. This, in turn, is the result of a scale insect which sucks sap from the tree, and excretes honeydew, a sweet liquid, in small droplets (less than 1 mm diameter) on the end of stalks. This feeds the sooty mold, and also forms a valuable ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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