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People's Commissariat Of Railways Of The Soviet Union
The People's Commissariat of Communication Routes of the Soviet Union was the state body of the Soviet Union, which controlled the activities of the railway and other types of transport of the Soviet Union in 1923–1946. History In 1923, after the formation of the Soviet Union, the People's Commissariat of Communication Routes of the Russian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic was transformed into the All–Union People's Commissariat of Communication Routes of the Soviet Union. Felix Dzerzhinsky, Chairman of the All–Russian Emergency Commission, became its first head (People's Commissar). Before leaving the People's Commissariat of Communication Routes to the post of Chairman of the Supreme Council of the National Economy, Felix Dzerzhinsky in January 1924 submitted to the Council of Labor and Defense of the Soviet Union a detailed "Report on the State Merchant Marine". It analyzed the work of the Soviet navy, outlined the draft shipbuilding program for 10 years drawn up by ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
People's Commissariat Of Communication Routes Of The Russian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic
The People's Commissariat of Communication Routes of the Russian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic was a state body of the Russian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic, which controlled the activities of railway and other types of transport in Soviet Russia in 1917–1923. History Initially, the People's Commissariat of Communication Routes was established by a decree of the Second All–Russian Congress of Soviets on November 8, 1917 as the People's Commissariat for Railway Affairs; was one of the first people's commissariats, formed in accordance with the decree "On the Establishment of the Council of People's Commissars". In connection with the transfer to its jurisdiction of the Office of Inland Water Transport, it was renamed into the People's Commissariat of Communication Routes. However, by the decree of the Council of People's Commissars of February 27, 1918, the management of the waterways was transferred to the Supreme Council of the People's Economy, and the manag ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eastern Front (World War II)
The Eastern Front of World War II was a Theater (warfare), theatre of conflict between the European Axis powers against the Soviet Union (USSR), Polish Armed Forces in the East, Poland and other Allies of World War II, Allies, which encompassed Central Europe, Eastern Europe, Northern Europe, Northeast Europe (Baltic states, Baltics), and Southeast Europe (Balkans) from 22 June 1941 to 9 May 1945. It was known as the Great Patriotic War (term), Great Patriotic War in the Soviet Union – and still is in some of its successor states, while almost everywhere else it has been called the ''Eastern Front''. In present-day German and Ukrainian historiography the name German-Soviet War is typically used. The battles on the Eastern Front of the Second World War constituted the largest military confrontation in history. They were characterised by unprecedented ferocity and brutality, wholesale destruction, mass deportations, and immense loss of life due to combat, starvation, expos ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ministry Of Railways
A Ministry of Railways is a Cabinet department that exists or has existed in many Commonwealth states as well as others. It generally occurs in countries where railroad transportation is a particularly important part of the national infrastructure. In countries that have railways, but no cabinet department specializing in overseeing them, this task will typically fall to a Ministry of Transport. The head of a Ministry of Railways is usually denoted Minister of Railways or Railway Minister. Examples of Ministries of Railways include: * Ministry of Railways (Bangladesh) * Ministry of Railways (China) * Ministry of Railways (India) (headed by the Minister of Railways (India)) * Ministry of Railways (Japan) * Ministry of Railways (North Korea) * Ministry of Railways (Pakistan) * * Ministry of Railways (Soviet Union) * Minister of Railways and Canals (Canada) * Minister of Railways (New Zealand) The Minister of Railways was the minister in the government responsible for the New Ze ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Locomotive
A locomotive or engine is a rail transport vehicle that provides the Power (physics), motive power for a train. If a locomotive is capable of carrying a payload, it is usually rather referred to as a multiple unit, Motor coach (rail), motor coach, railcar or power car; the use of these self-propelled vehicles is increasingly common for passenger trains, but rare for freight (see CargoSprinter). Traditionally, locomotives pulled trains from the front. However, Push-pull train, push-pull operation has become common, where the train may have a locomotive (or locomotives) at the front, at the rear, or at each end. Most recently railroads have begun adopting DPU or distributed power. The front may have one or two locomotives followed by a mid-train locomotive that is controlled remotely from the lead unit. __TOC__ Etymology The word ''locomotive'' originates from the Latin language, Latin 'from a place', Ablative case, ablative of 'place', and the Medieval Latin 'causing mot ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Russian Civil War
, date = October Revolution, 7 November 1917 – Yakut revolt, 16 June 1923{{Efn, The main phase ended on 25 October 1922. Revolt against the Bolsheviks continued Basmachi movement, in Central Asia and Tungus Republic, the Far East through the 1920s and 1930s.{{cite book, last=Mawdsley, first=Evan, title=The Russian Civil War, location=New York, publisher=Pegasus Books, year=2007, isbn=9781681770093, url=https://archive.org/details/russiancivilwar00evan, url-access=registration{{rp, 3,230(5 years, 7 months and 9 days) {{Collapsible list , bullets = yes , title = Peace treaties , Treaty of Brest-LitovskSigned 3 March 1918({{Age in years, months, weeks and days, month1=11, day1=7, year1=1917, month2=3, day2=3, year2=1918) , Treaty of Tartu (Russian–Estonian)Signed 2 February 1920({{Age in years, months, weeks and days, month1=11, day1=7, year1=1917, month2=2, day2=2, year2=1920) , Soviet–Lithuanian Peace TreatySigned 12 July 1920({{Age in years, months, weeks and da ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ivan Kovalev (1901)
Ivan Vladimirovich Kovalev (; June 28, 1901 – May 28, 1993) was a Soviet military officer and statesman. Lieutenant general of the Technical Troops (1943). Deputy of the Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union of the 2nd Convocation (1946–1950). Biography Born into a peasant family, until the age of 18, he worked in his father's household. In March 1919, he was drafted into the ranks of the Workers' and Peasants' Red Army. *1919–1921 – Scout of the 31st Turkestan Artillery Battalion, Red Army Soldier of the 3rd Battalion of the All–Russian Extraordinary Commission in Voronezh; *1921–1922 – Cadet of the Voronezh Military Railway School of Technicians; *1922–1923 – Reserve Agent, Assistant to the Station Chief of the 10th Railway Regiment, then a battalion of the Caucasian Army; *1923–1925 – Political Leader of a company in the 13th Voronezh Railway Battalion, then in the 7th Michurinsky Railway Regiment; *1925–1926 – Student of the Advanced Training Courses fo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Andrey Khrulyov
General Andrei Vasilyevich Khrulyov (russian: Андрей Васильевич Хрулёв) (, village of Bolshaya Alexandrovka, Saint Petersburg Governorate - June 9, 1962, Moscow) was a Soviet military commander and politician. Early life Andrey Khrulyov was born in the village of Bolshaya Aleksandrovka, the son of Vasily Vasilyevich Khrulev, a blacksmith’s striker, and Maria Ivanovna, a peasant. He apprenticed to a goldsmith (1903–1912). At some point, he became a revolutionary, for which he was exiled to Estonia (1912–1914). Career Joining the Red Army in 1918 during the Russian Civil War, Khrulyov first served first in Petrograd, and during 1919–1921 as a political commissar in the 11th cavalry division of Budenny's First Cavalry Army. After the war, he remained in military service, and began developing a more sophisticated logistical system for the Red Army, which became the Rear of the Soviet Armed Forces. Khrulev was Head of Main Intendant Directorate of th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alexey Bakulin
Alexey Venediktovich Bakulin (russian: Алексе́й Венеди́ктович Баку́лин; March 22, 1899 – March 7, 1939) was a Soviet party and state leader, serving as People's Commissar of Communication Routes of the Soviet Union and as Deputy of the First Convocation of the Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union. Biography Alexey Venediktovich Bakulin was born on March 22, 1899, in Saint Petersburg, where his father did military service. After his father was fired, the family returned to their places of origin in Miass. In 1916 he graduated from the Miass Higher Primary Urban School, after which he worked at a local factory as a draftsman-copymaker and assistant locksmith. From October 1916 he was an instructor of the All-Russian Zemsky Census in the Orenburg Governorate. In February 1918, he joined the Bolsheviks and in March of the same year became the editor of the newspaper Izvestia of the city of Miass Zavod. In May 1918, Bakulin joined the Red Army and f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lazar Kaganovich
Lazar Moiseyevich Kaganovich, also Kahanovich (russian: Ла́зарь Моисе́евич Кагано́вич, Lázar' Moiséyevich Kaganóvich; – 25 July 1991), was a Soviet politician and administrator, and one of the main associates of Joseph Stalin. He was one of several associates who helped Stalin to seize power, demonstrating exceptional brutality towards those deemed threats to Stalin's regime and facilitating the executions of thousands of people. Born to Jewish parents in modern Ukraine (then part of the Russian Empire) in 1893, Kaganovich was the son of Moisei Benovich Kaganovich (1863-1923) and Genya Iosifovna Dubinskaya (1860-1933). Of the 13 children born to the family, 6 died in infancy. Lazar had four elder brothers, all of whom became members of the Bolshevik party. Several of Lazar's brothers ended up occupying positions of varying significance in the Soviet government. Mikhail Kaganovich (1888–1941) served as People's Commissar of Defence Industry bef ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Andrey Andreyevich Andreyev
Andrey Andreyevich Andreyev (russian: Андре́й Андре́евич Андре́ев; 30 October 1895 – 5 December 1971) was a Soviet Communist Party of the Soviet Union, Communist politician. An Old Bolshevik who rose to power during the rule of Joseph Stalin, joining the Politburo as a candidate member in 1926 and as a full member in 1932, Andreyev also headed the powerful Central Control Commission of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union from 1930 to 1931, and then again from 1939 until 1952. In 1952, Andreyev was removed from the Politburo and placed in a largely ceremonial position as a member of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet, Presidium of the Supreme Soviet. Biography Early years Andrey Andreyevich Andreyev was born in the Sychyovsky Uyezd of the Smolensk Governorate of the Russian Empire to a peasant family. He left the village at the age of 13 to work as a dishwasher in Moscow. He attended workers' educational courses, and by the time he was 15 had jo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Moisey Rukhimovich
Moisey Lvovich Rukhimovich (Russian: Моисей Львович Рухимович; October 1889 – July 29, 1938) was a Soviet statesman and politician. Biography Born in the family of a locksmith in the village of Kagalnik, Rostov Region. He studied at the Kharkov Institute of Technology. Engaged in revolutionary activities since 1903, in the Social Democratic movement since 1904, was a member of the Bund. He conducted revolutionary work in Rostov-on-Don. In 1906–1909 in exile. Since 1911 he worked in the party organizations of Ukraine. He served in the army in 1914–1917, and was a member of the Russian Social Democratic Labor Party from 1913. In February – December 1917, he was a member of the Kharkov Committee of the Russian Social Democratic Labour Party (Bolsheviks), Chairman of the Military Section of the Council. In 1917–1918, the Chairman of the Kharkov Military Revolutionary Committee, the Chief of Staff of the Red Guard. In February – April 1918, he was t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jānis Rudzutaks
Jānis Rudzutaks (russian: Ян Эрнестович Рудзутак, Yan Ernestovich Rudzutak; – 29 July 1938) was a Latvian Bolshevik revolutionary and a Soviet politician. He was executed during the Great Purge. Early life Rudzutaks was born in the Kuldīga district of the Courland Governorate (present-day Kursīši parish, Saldus municipality, Latvia), the son of a farmhand. He started work as a swineherd after two years at parish school. In 1903 at the age of 16, he ran away to Riga, where he worked in a factory. Two years later he joined the Latvian Social Democratic Labour Party. In 1907, Rudzutaks was arrested because of his political views and was sentenced to ten years of hard labor. He served a part of his sentence in Riga and was then transferred to Butyrka prison in Moscow. Rudzutaks was released after the February Revolution of 1917. Political career After his release, Rudzutaks served in various positions in the All-Russian Communist Party (Bolsheviks) ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
