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Pasteur De Sarrats
Pasteur de Sarrats (or Sarrats d'Aubenas; ''Lat''. Pastor de Serraescuderio, and Pastor de Vivariis) was a French Franciscan friar, bishop and Cardinal. He was born in the village of Aubenas in the Vivarais, or he took his monastic vows in the monastery of Aubenas. Pasteur may have had a brother. A bull of Benedict XII, dated 13 April 1337, grants the parish church of S. Martin de Valle Gorgia in the diocese of Viviers to Pierre de Serraescuderio, Canon of Viviers since 1333, who held a parish of S. Pierre de Melon in the diocese of Uzès. Pasteur died in Avignon in 1356. Student He could have begun his studies at a Franciscan house in one of the University towns of the province, Avignon, Montpellier or Narbonne. With the permission of his Minister Provincial and the Provincial Chapter, he was one of those young scholars permitted to finish his study at the Franciscan convent in Paris, and to attend the University. He was already Minister Provincial of Provence (1329-1331) wh ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cardinal (Catholicism)
A cardinal ( la, Sanctae Romanae Ecclesiae cardinalis, literally 'cardinal of the Holy Roman Church') is a senior member of the clergy of the Catholic Church. Cardinals are created by the ruling pope and typically hold the title for life. Collectively, they constitute the College of Cardinals. Their most solemn responsibility is to elect a new pope in a conclave, almost always from among themselves (with a few historical exceptions), when the Holy See is vacant. During the period between a pope's death or resignation and the election of his successor, the day-to-day governance of the Holy See is in the hands of the College of Cardinals. The right to participate in a conclave is limited to cardinals who have not reached the age of 80 years by the day the vacancy occurs. In addition, cardinals collectively participate in papal consistories (which generally take place annually), in which matters of importance to the Church are considered and new cardinals may be created. Cardina ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
14th-century French Cardinals
As a means of recording the passage of time, the 14th century was a century lasting from 1 January 1301 ( MCCCI), to 31 December 1400 ( MCD). It is estimated that the century witnessed the death of more than 45 million lives from political and natural disasters in both Europe and the Mongol Empire. West Africa experienced economic growth and prosperity. In Europe, the Black Death claimed 25 million lives wiping out one third of the European population while the Kingdom of England and the Kingdom of France fought in the protracted Hundred Years' War after the death of Charles IV, King of France led to a claim to the French throne by Edward III, King of England. This period is considered the height of chivalry and marks the beginning of strong separate identities for both England and France as well as the foundation of the Italian Renaissance and Ottoman Empire. In Asia, Tamerlane (Timur), established the Timurid Empire, history's third largest empire to have been ever establish ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1361 Deaths
Year 1361 ( MCCCLXI) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. Events January–December * March 17 – An-Nasir Hasan, Mamluk Sultan of Egypt, is killed by one of his own mamluks, Yalbugha al-Umari, who, with the senior Mamluk emirs, has al-Mansur Muhammad installed as the new sultan. * April 13 – The University of Pavia is founded, on the Italian Peninsula. * July 27 – Battle of Visby: King Valdemar IV of Denmark conquers the city of Visby by defeating his peasant army. This allows Lübeck to become the new leading city of the Hanseatic League. * October 10 – Edward, the Black Prince marries Joan of Kent at Windsor Castle. Date unknown * In the Marinid Empire in modern-day Morocco, Abu Salim Ibrahim is overthrown by Abu Umar, who is in turn overthrown by Abu Zayyan. * The Blue Horde descends into anarchy. Between 1361 and 1378, over 20 khans succeed each other in different parts of the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Joëlle Rollo-Koster
Joëlle Rollo-Koster is a Professor of Medieval History in the University of Rhode Island's History Department. On December 6, 2016, she was knighted by the French government with the medal of Chevalier des Palmes académiques. In 2017-2018 she was a EURIAS Fellow at the Swedish Collegium for Advanced Study. Education Joëlle Rollo-Koster received her undergraduate degree and master's degree in history from the University of Nice, France. She earned a PhD in History at SUNY Binghamton in 1992 where she was a student of Richard Trexler. Selected publications As author *''Raiding Saint Peter: Empty Sees, Violence, and the Initiation of the Great Western Schism (1378)'', 2008, Brill, *''The People of Curial Avignon: A Critical Edition of the Liber Divisionis and the Matriculae of Notre Dame la Majour'', 2009, Edwin Mellen Press, *''Avignon and Its Papacy, 1309–1417: Popes, Institutions, and Society'', 2015, Rowman and Littlefield, *''The Great Western Schism, 1378–1417: ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Guillaume Mollat
Guillaume Marie Charles Henri Mollat (1 February 1877 – 4 May 1968) was a French prelate and historian. Biography Guillaume Mollat was born in Nantes on 1 February 1877. He studied at the Day School for Children Nantais, then entered the Saint-Sulpice Seminary in Paris in 1896, before completing his theological studies at the French Seminary in Rome. He thereafter integrated the École des hautes études and the Vatican School of Palaeography. In 1933, he won the Prix of the Académie française for his work ''La question romaine de Pie VI à Pie XI''. He was elected a member of the Académie des Inscriptions et Belles-Lettres in 1954. He died in Erbalunga on 4 May 1968. Publications (selection) *1903: ''Mesures fiscales exercées en Bretagne par les papes d'Avignon à l'époque du Grand schisme d'Occident'' * *1930: ''Introduction à l'étude du droit canonique et du droit civile'' *1935: ''Lettres secrètes et curiales du pape Gregorius XI 1370–1378 relatives à l ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Innocent VI
Pope Innocent VI ( la, Innocentius VI; 1282 or 1295 – 12 September 1362), born Étienne Aubert, was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 18 December 1352 to his death in September 1362. He was the fifth Avignon pope and the only one with the pontifical name of "Innocent". Early life Étienne's father was Adhemar Aubert (1260-?), seigneur de Montel-de-Gelat in Limousin province. He was a native of the hamlet of Les Monts, Diocese of Limoges (today part of the commune of Beyssac, ''département'' of Corrèze), and, after having taught civil law at Toulouse, he became successively Bishop of Noyon in 1338 and Bishop of Clermont in 1340. On 20 September 1342, he was raised to the position of Cardinal Priest of SS. John and Paul. He was made cardinal-bishop of Ostia and Velletri on 13 February 1352, by Pope Clement VI, whom he succeeded.Conrad Eubel, ''Hierarchia catholica'' Tomus I, editio altera (Monasterii 1913), p. 36; p. 18. His papacy Etienne was c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pope Clement VI
Pope Clement VI ( la, Clemens VI; 1291 – 6 December 1352), born Pierre Roger, was head of the Catholic Church from 7 May 1342 to his death in December 1352. He was the fourth Avignon pope. Clement reigned during the first visitation of the Black Death (1348–1350), during which he granted remission of sins to all who died of the plague. Roger steadfastly resisted temporal encroachments on the Church's ecclesiastical jurisdiction and, as Clement VI, entrenched French dominance of the Church and opened its coffers to enhance the regal splendour of the Papacy. He recruited composers and music theorists for his court, including figures associated with the then-innovative Ars Nova style of France and the Low Countries. Early life Birth and family Pierre Roger (also spelled Rogier and Rosiers) was born in the château of Maumont, today part of the commune of Rosiers-d'Égletons, Corrèze, in Limousin, France, the son of the lord of Maumont-Rosiers-d'Égletons. He had an elder ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Titular Church
In the Catholic Church, a titular church is a church in Rome that is assigned to a member of the clergy who is created a cardinal. These are Catholic churches in the city, within the jurisdiction of the Diocese of Rome, that serve as honorary designations symbolising the relationship of cardinals to the pope, the bishop of Rome. According to the 1983 Code of Canon Law, a cardinal may assist his titular church through counsel or through patronage, although "he has no power of governance over it, and he should not for any reason interfere in matters concerning the administration of its good, or its discipline, or the service of the church". There are two ranks of titular churches: titles and deaconries. A title ( la, titulus) is a titular church that is assigned to a cardinal priest (a member of the second order of the College of Cardinals), whereas a deaconry ( la, diaconia, links=no) is normally assigned to a cardinal deacon (a member of the third order of the college). If a card ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
John Of Mirecourt
John of Mirecourt, also known as ''Monachus Albus'' ('the White Monk'), was a Cistercian scholastic philosopher of the fourteenth century, from Mirecourt, Lorraine. He was a follower of William of Ockham; he was censured by Pope Clement VI. Life and Writings Very little is known of the life of John of Mirecourt, but it seems that he was born at Mirecourt in Lorraine between 1310-1315. He lectured at the Cistercian College of St. Bernard in Paris, and rose to the height of his philosophical and theological fame around the year 1345. He is credited with writing a commentary on Peter Lombard's Sentences, and two subsequent apologies which were responses to various criticisms of his commentary. He wrote two versions of his commentary; the first of which was attacked by a Benedictine called Johannes Normanus. Mirecourt replied by issuing a ''Declaratio'' in which he explained the meanings behind his propositions. Nevertheless, acting upon the recommendation of the faculty of theology a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bertrand De Déaulx
Bertrand de Déaulx (or Deaulx, or Deux; ''Lat''. Bertrandus de Deucio) was a French bishop, diplomat and Cardinal. He was born, perhaps around 1290, in Castrum de Blandiaco in the diocese of Uzès; or in Déaulx. He died in Avignon in 1355. Trained as a lawyer and teacher of law, he practiced in the papal courts, and became an arbitrator and diplomat for the Papacy. He had several assignments in Italy and one in Catalonia. He was responsible for the reorganization of the University of Montpellier and the granting of revised charters. Biography As a young scholar Bertrand possessed the parish church of S. Marcel de Carretret, but he received a dispensation from his bishop, allowing him to be absent for seven years for the purpose of continuing his studies, with the condition that he be ordained a subdeacon within a year. On 16 September 1312 he was granted a further extension of seven years by Pope Clement V, at the request of Bertrand's uncle, Guillaume de Mandagot, Archb ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pierre Bertrand (cardinal)
Pierre Bertrand (1280 – 1348 or 1349) was a French Cardinal, theologian, and canonist. Pierre Bertrand was born at Annonay in Vivarais. His noble parentage is known to us through the manuscript memoir of Grasset, a Celestine monk of the seventeenth century (''Discours généalogique de la noble maison de Bertrand et de leur alliance avec celle de Colombier)''. The legal profession seems to have been the first aim of his education. He successively studied and taught law in the Universities of Avignon, Montpellier, Orléans, and Paris. A highly competent lawyer, he soon reached high positions in the Parliament of Paris, the King's Council, and the Queen's Chancery. His interests lay, however, in another direction, and he became a priest. His priestly career was as successful as his legal success. In rapid succession he was Dean of Puy-en-Valais, Bishop of Nevers, and Bishop of Autun. In 1331 Pope John XXII made him a cardinal. Among his services were several charitable inst ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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