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Orlengate
Orlengate ( pl, :pl:Afera Orlenu, Afera Orlenu) was one of the biggest political affairs in modern Poland, Polish history. Disclosed in 2004, the scandal began with the arrest, on 7 February 2002, by the Urząd Ochrony Państwa (UOP, Office for State Protection) of Andrzej Modrzejewski, the CEO of PKN Orlen. In 2004 the Sejm (the lower house of the Polish parliament) initiated the PKN Orlen investigation commission to investigate the scandal. Modrzejewski had been arrested on the order of the attorney general's office. The arrest was a source of controversy from the outset, carried out on the eve of a meeting of the board of directors. Two hours before the meeting Modrzejewki was released and the board of directors removed him from his position. Wiesław Kaczmarek (Treasury Minister until January 6, 2003) stated in an interview for Gazeta Wyborcza published on 2 April 2004 that the real purpose of the arrest was to provoke Modrzejewki's dismissal and, as a consequence, not allow si ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
PKN Orlen
Polski Koncern Naftowy Orlen Spółka Akcyjna (PKN Orlen S.A.), commonly known as Orlen, is a Polish oil refiner and petrol retailer. The corporation is a significant European publicly traded firm with major operations in Poland, Czech Republic, Slovakia, Germany, and the Baltic states as well as an operation in Canada. In February 2022, the Polish state was the first shareholder of the company with 27.52% of the shares. PKN Orlen is the fourth largest company in Central and Eastern Europe and is listed in global rankings such as ''Fortune'' Global 500, Platts TOP250 and Thompson Reuters TOP100. History Foundation (1999) The firm was created through the merger of two state-run petrochemical firms: C.P.N. (Centrala Produktów Naftowych), Communist Poland's petroleum retail monopoly and Petrochemia Płock, the state firm in charge of the oil refineries in Płock, the largest complex of its kind in Poland. After the merger of CPN and Petrochemia Płock in 1999, the company was r ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aleksander Kwaśniewski
Aleksander Kwaśniewski (; born 15 November 1954) is a Polish politician and journalist. He served as the President of Poland from 1995 to 2005. He was born in Białogard, and during communist rule, he was active in the Socialist Union of Polish Students and was the Minister for Sport in the Communist government during the 1980s. After the fall of Communism, he became a leader of the left-wing Social Democracy of the Republic of Poland, a successor to the former ruling Polish United Workers' Party, and a co-founder of the Democratic Left Alliance. Kwaśniewski was elected to the presidency in 1995, defeating the incumbent, Lech Wałęsa. He was re-elected to a second and final term as president in 2000 in a decisive first-round victory. Although he was praised for attempting to further integrate Poland into the European Union, he faced criticism for involving the country in the Iraq War. His term ended on 23 December 2005, when he handed over power to his elected successor, con ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Democratic Left Alliance
The Democratic Left Alliance () was a social-democratic political party in Poland. It was formed in 9 July 1991 as an electoral alliance of centre-left parties, and became a single party on 15 April 1999. It was the major coalition party in Poland between 1993 and 1997, and between 2001 and 2005, from which came four Prime ministers: Józef Oleksy, Włodzimierz Cimoszewicz, Leszek Miller and Marek Belka. It then faded into opposition, shadowed by the rise of Civic Platform and Law and Justice. In February 2020, the party initiated a process to absorb the Spring party, choosing the name New Left ( pl, Nowa Lewica), and changing to a more modern logo. The party was a member of the Party of European Socialists and Progressive Alliance. History Ideology and support patterns The party can be classified as centre-left. However, during the 1990s, it managed to attract voters from the pro-market and even right-wing camp. The main support for SLD came from middle-rank state secto ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bogdan Bujak
Bogdan or Bohdan (Cyrillic: Богдан) is a Slavic masculine name that appears in all Slavic countries as well as Romania and Moldova. It is derived from the Slavic words ''Bog/Boh'' (Cyrillic: Бог), meaning "god", and ''dan'' (Cyrillic: дан), meaning "given". The name appears to be an early calque from Greek Theodore (Theodotus, Theodosius) with the same meaning. The name is also used as a surname. Variations The sound change of 'g' into 'h' occurred in the Ukrainian, Belarusian, Czech and Slovak languages (hence ''Bohdan''). Although this sound change did not occur in the Polish language, either Bogdan or Bohdan may be used in Poland. Slavic variants include Bulgarian and Serbo-Croatian Božidar (Божидар) and Polish Bożydar, while diminutive forms and nicknames include Boguś, Bodya, Boca, Boci, Boća, Boša, Bogi. The feminine form is Bogdana or Bohdana, with variants such as ''Bogdanka''. Names with similar meanings are Greek Theodore, Arabic Ataulla ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Labor Union (Poland)
Labour Union ( pl, Unia Pracy, ''UP'') is a minor social-democratic political party in Poland. It is a member of the Party of European Socialists (PES). History Labour Union was formed in June 1992. The party contested the 1993 parliamentary elections, obtaining 7.28% of the popular vote and had 41 representatives elected to the lower house (Sejm). In the following parliamentary elections of 1997, UP received only 4.74% of votes, thereby falling short of the required 5% threshold for election to the Sejm. At the 2001 parliamentary elections, UP entered into an electoral alliance with the major Polish social-democratic party Democratic Left Alliance (SLD), and managed to get 16 of its members elected to parliament. Some of those members subsequently left UP to join the newly created Social Democracy of Poland (SDPL), a splinter group from the SLD. In May 2004, UP signed an alliance with SDPL, in which both parties agreed to jointly contest the following parliamentary electio ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Andrzej Aumiller
Andrzej Kordian Aumiller (born 25 June 1947, Trzcianka) is a Polish politician, Minister of Construction and Member of Parliament representing Self-Defense of the Republic of Poland (Samoobrona, SRP). He is a graduate in gardening from the Agriculture Academy in Poznań (Akademia Rolnicza w Poznaniu, Wydział Ogrodniczy). He has been a member of Sejm, the lower house of the Polish parliament, elected in the Poznań constituency from the Democratic Left Alliance-Labor Union lists from 2001 to 2005. From July 2004, he was a member and vice-chairman of the PKN Orlen investigation commission Orlengate ( pl, Afera Orlenu) was one of the biggest political affairs in modern Polish history. Disclosed in 2004, the scandal began with the arrest, on 7 February 2002, by the Urząd Ochrony Państwa (UOP, Office for State Protection) of Andrzej ...; since April 2005, he has been chairman of the commission. External links Official Sejm page 1947 births Living people People from Trzcian ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zbigniew Wassermann
Zbigniew Franciszek Wassermann (; 17 September 1949 – 10 April 2010) was a Polish politician. He was an MP representing Law and Justice (Prawo i Sprawiedliwość). Wassermann was born in Kraków. He was a graduate in law from Jagiellonian University (Uniwersytet Jagielloński, Wydział Prawa) and member of Sejm, lower house of Polish parliament, elected in Krakow constituency. From July 2004, he was a member and the vice-chairman of PKN Orlen investigation commission. From November 2005 to November 2007 he was Minister of Special Forces in the Governments of Kazimierz Marcinkiewicz and Jaroslaw Kaczynski. He was listed on the flight manifest of the [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Roman Giertych
Roman Jacek Giertych (; born 27 February 1971 in Śrem, Poland) is a Polish politician and lawyer; he was Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Education until August 2007. He was a member of the Sejm (the lower house of the Polish parliament) from 2001 until October 2007 and the chairman of the League of Polish Families party. Early life Roman Giertych comes from a family of Polish politicians, a son of Maciej Giertych and a grandson of Jędrzej Giertych. His uncle on his father's side is Wojciech Giertych, O.P., Theologian of the Pontifical Household and professor of theology at the Pontifical University of Saint Thomas Aquinas, ''Angelicum'' in Rome. Two of his aunts also entered religious life. Political career Giertych and the LPR had a strong national and anti-EU profile. Prior to the 2003 Polish referendum on EU membership, the LPR campaigned against it, denouncing it as a "centralised, socialist superstate". Officially, the LPR declares that it favours a "Europe of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Polish Peasant Party
The Polish People's Party ( pl, Polskie Stronnictwo Ludowe, PSL) is an agrarian political party in Poland. It is currently led by Władysław Kosiniak-Kamysz. Its history traces back to 1895, when it held the name People's Party, although its name was changed to the present one in 1903. During the Second Polish Republic, the Polish People's Party was represented by a number of parties that held its name. They were all supportive of agrarian policies, although they spanned from the left-wing to the centre-right on the political spectrum. It was reformed into the People's Party shortly after the Sanacja regime took power. It took part into the formation of Polish government-in-exile during the World War II, and after the war it was again reformed into the Polish People's Party, and soon after into the United People's Party. During the existence of Polish People's Republic, it was seen as a satellite party of the ruling Polish United Workers' Party that promoted rural interests ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Józef Gruszka
Józef Zbigniew Gruszka (16 March 1947 – 7 June 2020) was a Polish politician, Member of Parliament, representing Polish People's Party. Gruszka was born in Kwiatków. He was a graduate of the State Agricultural School (''Państwowe Technikum Rolnicze'') and a member of Sejm, the lower house of the Polish parliament, elected in Kalisz constituency. From July 2004, he was a member of PKN Orlen investigation commission and, until April 2005, he was also the chairman of the commission. He died in Ostrów Wielkopolski Ostrów Wielkopolski () (often abbreviated ''Ostrów Wlkp.'', formerly called simply ''Ostrów'', german: Ostrowo, Latin: ''Ostrovia'') is a city in west-central Poland with 70,982 inhabitants (2021), situated in the Greater Poland Voivodeship; .... References 1947 births 2020 deaths Members of the Polish Sejm 1993–1997 Members of the Polish Sejm 1997–2001 Members of the Polish Sejm 2001–2005 {{Poland-politician-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Włodzimierz Cimoszewicz
Włodzimierz Cimoszewicz (, born 13 September 1950) is a Polish left-wing politician who served as Prime Minister of Poland for a year from 7 February 1996 to 31 October 1997, after being defeated in the Parliamentary elections by the Solidarity Electoral Action (AWS). He was born in Warsaw. Career Cimoszewicz was a member of the left-wing Democratic Left Alliance the leftist candidate in the Polish presidential election of 1990, receiving 9 percent of the vote. Cimoszewicz was the Prime Minister of Poland from 1996 to late 1997. Cimoszewicz was the Foreign Minister of Poland in the governments of Leszek Miller (2001–2004) and Marek Belka (2004–2005). It was during this time that he, along with Leszek Miller, signed the Accession Treaty that paved way to Polish membership in the European Union. Cimoszewicz was the speaker of the Sejm (lower chamber of the Polish parliament) from January to October 2005. Cimoszewicz was for a time a candidate for the 2005 Polish presiden ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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