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Orders, Decorations, And Medals Of The Soviet Union
Awards and decorations of the Soviet Union are decorations from the former Soviet Union that recognised achievements and personal accomplishments, both military and civilian. Some of the awards, decorations, and orders were discontinued after the dissolution of the Soviet Union, while others are still issued by the Russian Federation as of 2021. Many of the awards were simply reworked in the Russian Federation, such as the transition of Hero of the Soviet Union to Hero of the Russian Federation, and Hero of Socialist Labour to Hero of Labour of the Russian Federation. A wide range of Soviet awards and decorations cover the extensive and diverse period of history from 1917 to 1991. Honorary titles Orders Military orders Military and civil orders Civil orders Military medals General Campaign medals Second World War defensive campaign medals Second World War offensive campaign medals Civilian medals Development/restoration campaigns Maternity medals Commemorative ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
State Emblem Of The Soviet Union
The State Emblem of the Soviet Union; be, Дзяржаўны герб СССР; kk, ССРО мемлекеттік елтаңбасы; lt, TSRS Valstybinis herbas; lv, PSRS valsts ģerbonis; et, NSVL riigivapp} was adopted in 1923 and was used until the dissolution of the USSR in 1991. Although it technically is an emblem rather than a coat of arms, since it does not follow traditional heraldic rules, in Russian it is called (), the word used for a traditional coat of arms. It was the first state insignia created in the style known as socialist heraldry, a style also seen in emblems of other socialist countries such as the emblem of the People's Republic of China. History Creation In the autumn of 1922, the Commission for the Development of Soviet Symbolics began its work in Goznak. In those days, compositions of the first Soviet brands and banknotes were created. On 10 January 1923, the Presidium of the Central Executive Committee of the USSR established a commiss ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mother Heroine
Mother Heroine (russian: Мать-героиня, ''Mat'-geroinya'') is an honorary title that was used in the Soviet Union and now Russia, awarded for bearing and raising a large family. The state's intent was not only to honor such large families, but also to increase financial assistance for pregnant women, mothers of large families, and single mothers, and to promote an increased level of health in mother and child. The award was established in 1944 and continued to exist until the fall of the Soviet Union in 1991. On 15 August 2022 Vladimir Putin signed a decree reviving the honorary title. Award history The honorary title "Mother Heroine" was established on 8 July 1944 by Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet. Its statute, including multiple increases in available state pensions for these families or single mothers, was amended 15 times from its original establishment until the last amendment contained in Decree number 20 of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Distinguished Pilot Of The Soviet Union
The ruling made by the judge or panel of judges must be based on the evidence at hand and the standard binding precedents covering the subject-matter (they must be ''followed''). Definition In law, to distinguish a case means a court decides the holding or legal reasoning of a precedent case will not apply due to materially different facts between the two cases. Two formal constraints constrain the later court: the expressed relevant factors (also known as considerations, tests, questions or determinants) in the ''ratio'' (legal reasoning) of the earlier case must be recited or their equivalent recited or the earlier case makes an exception for their application in the circumstances otherwise it envisages, and the ruling in the later case must not expressly doubt (criticise) the result reached in the precedent case.Lamond, Grant"Precedent and Analogy in Legal Reasoning: 2.1 Precedents as laying down rules:2.1.2 The practice of distinguishing". ''Stanford Encyclopedia of Philos ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Honoured Military Navigator Of The USSR
The Honorary Title "Merited Military Navigator of the USSR" (russian: Заслуженный военный штурман СССР) was a state military award of the Soviet Union established on January 26, 1965 by Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet № 3230-VI to recognise and reward excellence in military aviation. It was abolished on August 22, 1988 by Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet № 9441-XI. Award Statute The honorary title "Merited Military Navigator of the USSR" was awarded to members of military flying units, military agencies, military schools, military organizations and other military or federal authorities, having qualified military navigators 1st class or military navigator-instructors 1st class, for outstanding achievements in the development of aviation technology, high performance in education and training of flight personnel and long-term trouble-free flight operations in military aviation. The Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the U ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Distinguished Military Navigator Of The Soviet Union
The ruling made by the judge or panel of judges must be based on the evidence at hand and the standard binding precedents covering the subject-matter (they must be ''followed''). Definition In law, to distinguish a case means a court decides the holding or legal reasoning of a precedent case will not apply due to materially different facts between the two cases. Two formal constraints constrain the later court: the expressed relevant factors (also known as considerations, tests, questions or determinants) in the ''ratio'' (legal reasoning) of the earlier case must be recited or their equivalent recited or the earlier case makes an exception for their application in the circumstances otherwise it envisages, and the ruling in the later case must not expressly doubt (criticise) the result reached in the precedent case.Lamond, Grant"Precedent and Analogy in Legal Reasoning: 2.1 Precedents as laying down rules:2.1.2 The practice of distinguishing". ''Stanford Encyclopedia of Philos ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Honoured Military Pilot Of The USSR
The Honorary Title "Honoured Military Pilot of the USSR" (russian: Заслуженный военный лётчик СССР) was a state military award of the Soviet Union established on January 26, 1965, by Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet No. 3230-VI to recognise and reward excellence in military aviation. It was abolished on August 22, 1988, by decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet No. 9441-XI. Award statute The honorary title "Honoured Military Pilot of the USSR" was awarded to members of military flying units, military agencies, military schools, military organizations and other military or federal authorities, having qualified military pilots 1st class or military pilot-instructors 1st class, for outstanding achievements in the development of aviation technology, high performance in education and training of flight personnel and long-term trouble-free flight operations in military aviation. The Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR was the m ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Distinguished Military Pilot Of The Soviet Union
The ruling made by the judge or panel of judges must be based on the evidence at hand and the standard binding precedents covering the subject-matter (they must be ''followed''). Definition In law, to distinguish a case means a court decides the holding or legal reasoning of a precedent case will not apply due to materially different facts between the two cases. Two formal constraints constrain the later court: the expressed relevant factors (also known as considerations, tests, questions or determinants) in the ''ratio'' (legal reasoning) of the earlier case must be recited or their equivalent recited or the earlier case makes an exception for their application in the circumstances otherwise it envisages, and the ruling in the later case must not expressly doubt (criticise) the result reached in the precedent case.Lamond, Grant"Precedent and Analogy in Legal Reasoning: 2.1 Precedents as laying down rules:2.1.2 The practice of distinguishing". ''Stanford Encyclopedia of Philoso ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Soviet Space Program
The Soviet space program (russian: Космическая программа СССР, Kosmicheskaya programma SSSR) was the national space program of the former Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR), active from 1955 until the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991. Soviet investigations in rocketry began with the formation of a research laboratory in 1921, but these efforts were hampered by the devastating war with Germany. Competing in the Space Race with the United States and later with the European Union and China, the Soviet program was notable in setting many records in space exploration, including the first intercontinental missile that launched the first satellite and sent the first animal into Earth orbit in 1957, and placed the first human in space in 1961. In addition, the Soviet program also saw the first woman in space in 1963 and a cosmonaut performing the first spacewalk in 1965. Other milestones included computerized robotic missions exploring t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Presidium Of The Supreme Soviet
The Presidium of the Supreme Soviet (russian: Президиум Верховного Совета, Prezidium Verkhovnogo Soveta) was a body of state power in the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR).The Presidium of the Supreme Council of the USSR (ПРЕЗИДИУМ ВЕРХОВНОГО СОВЕТА СССР) . The presidium was elected by joint session of both houses of the Supreme Soviet to act on its behalf ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pilot-Cosmonaut Of The USSR
The honorary title Pilot-Cosmonaut of the USSR (russian: Летчик-космонавт СССР) was a state award of the Soviet Union presented to all cosmonauts who flew for the Soviet Space Agency. Usually accompanying the distinction was the title of Hero of the Soviet Union, the highest title that could be awarded to a Soviet citizen for performing heroic deeds while in service of the state. History of the title The title was established by Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet on 14 April 1961. It was awarded until the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991 where it was retained by the Law of the Russian Federation 2555-1 dated 20 March 1992 with a few slight amendments and renamed Pilot-Cosmonaut of the Russian Federation. Award statute The title was assigned by the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet for the outstanding feat of space flight. The insignia of Pilot-Cosmonaut of the USSR is worn on the right side of the chest above orders and decorations. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Honoured Test Navigator Of The USSR
The Honorary Title "Merited Test Navigator of the USSR" (russian: Заслуженный штурман-испытатель СССР) was a military and civilian state award of the Soviet Union. It was established on August 14, 1958, by Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet No. 2523-X, to recognise courage and outstanding service in experimental aviation. Its statute was confirmed on August 22, 1988, by Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet No. 9441-XI. The title ceased to be awarded following the December 1991 dissolution of the Soviet Union. Award status The title was awarded to military and civilian test navigators 1st class of the civilian aircraft industry and of the Ministry of Defence of the USSR, for multiple years of work in researching and testing new aviation technologies. The Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR was the main conferring authority of the award, based on recommendations from the Ministry of Defence (russian: Министер� ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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