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Order Of Saint Joseph
The Order of Saint Joseph was instituted on 9 March 1807 by Ferdinand III, Grand Duke of Tuscany during his reign as Grand Duke of Würzburg. It was transformed into a Tuscan Roman Catholic Dynastic Order in 1817. The constitution of the Order was promulgated in March 1817, with amendments in August 1817. The order was divided into civil and military categories but these are now defunct. It is given to reward services towards Tuscan culture and civilisation and to the Grand Ducal House as a whole. The Order is divided into three levels: * Knights Grand Cross, numbering thirty * Commander, numbering sixty * Knights, numbering one hundred and fifty These numbers excluded Sovereigns, Heads of State, and Princes of the Grand Ducal House and other Royal Houses, Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church and Tuscan Metropolitan Archbishops. All had to be Catholics. The number of women members cannot exceed fifty, excluding Princesses of the Grand Ducal and other Royal Houses, wives of Heads ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Copia Di S
Copia may refer to: * Copia Vineyards and Winery, a premium winery in Paso Robles, California * Copia (or Copiae), the ancient city and bishopric also called Thurii or Thurium, now a Latin Catholic titular *COPIA, a metal band from Melbourne, Australia * Copia (Boeotia) (or Copae or Copiae), an ancient Greek city in Boeotia * ''Copia: Foundations of the Abundant Style'', a 1512 rhetorical guidebook by Desiderius Erasmus * Copia (museum), Copia: The American Center for Wine, Food & the Arts, the former museum in Napa, California * The Culinary Institute of America at Copia, a branch campus of the culinary school * Cornucopia, a symbol of abundance and nourishment * Copia (album), ''Copia'' (album), a 2007 album by Eluvium * A LTR-Retrotransposon#Ty1-copia retrotransposons, Retrotransposon, genetic element found in many animals and plants * Cardinal Copia, the "fourth" lead singer of Swedish metal band, Ghost (Swedish band), Ghost * Jacques-Louis Copia (1764–1799), French engraver * ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ferdinand IV, Grand Duke Of Tuscany
Ferdinand IV, Grand Duke of Tuscany ( it, Ferdinando IV, Granduca di Toscana; 10 June 1835 – 17 January 1908) was the last Grand Duke of Tuscany from 1859 to 1860. Biography Born at Florence, he was the son of Leopold II, Grand Duke of Tuscany, and Princess Maria Antonia of the Two Sicilies. His first wife died on February 1859. Sometime later, he and his family were forced to flee Florence on 27 April 1859, with the outbreak of a revolution inspired by the outbreak of a war by France and Sardinia-Piedmont against Austria as part of the unification of Italy. The family took refuge in Austria. After the end of the war, Leopold II abdicated on 21 July and Ferdinand succeeded him as Grand Duke. Ferdinand proved unable to return to Florence to claim his throne, and an elected Tuscan National Assembly formally deposed him only a month later, on 16 August. Ferdinand still hoped to recover his throne, as both France and Austria had promised to recognize his rights to it in the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alphonse De Lamartine
Alphonse Marie Louis de Prat de Lamartine (; 21 October 179028 February 1869), was a French author, poet, and statesman who was instrumental in the foundation of the Second Republic and the continuation of the Tricolore as the flag of France. Biography Early years Born in Mâcon, Burgundy on 21 October 1790 into a family of the French provincial nobility, Lamartine spent his youth at the family estate. He is famous for his partly autobiographical poem, "Le lac" ("The Lake"), which describes in retrospect the fervent love shared by a couple from the point of view of the bereaved man. Lamartine was masterly in his use of French poetic forms. Raised a devout Catholic, Lamartine became a pantheist, writing ''Jocelyn'' and ''La Chute d'un ange''. He wrote ''Histoire des Girondins'' in 1847 in praise of the Girondists. Lamartine made his entrance into the field of poetry with a masterpiece, ''Les Méditations Poétiques'' (1820) and awoke to find himself famous. One of the nota ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Giovanni Dupré
Giovanni Dupré (1 March 1817 – 10 January 1882) was an Italian sculptor, of distant French stock long settled in Tuscany, who developed a reputation second only to that of his contemporary Lorenzo Bartolini. Biography Born in Siena, Dupré began in his father's carving workshop and that of Paolo Sani, where he was occupied with producing fakes of Renaissance sculptures. In an open contest run by the Accademia di Belle Arti, he won first prize with a ''Judgment of Paris'' and made his reputation with the life-size figure of the dead ''Abel'' (''illustration, right''), which was purchased for Grand Duchess Maria Nikolaievna, Duchess of Leuchtenberg (now at the Hermitage Museum, St. Petersburg) and was replicated in bronze, c. 1839, (now in the Galleria d'arte moderna, Palazzo Pitti, Florence). The raw naturalism of the figure, greeted with shock at the time, presaged the beginning of the end of Neoclassicism in Italian sculpture and gained Dupré the encouragement of Lorenz ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Anatoly Nikolaievich Demidov, 1st Prince Of San Donato
Count Anatoly Nikolaievich Demidov, 1st Prince of San Donato (russian: link=no, Анатолий Николаевич Демидов; 5 April OS: 24 March 1813 – 29 April 1870) was a Russian industrialist, diplomat and arts patron of the Demidov family. Life Early life Born in Saint Petersburg or Moscow, he was the second surviving son of Count Nikolai Nikitich Demidov and Baroness Elisabeta Alexandrovna Stroganova. He grew up in Paris, where his father was ambassador. He served briefly as a diplomat himself in Paris living in the hôtel built by Charles de Wailly for the sculptor Augustin Pajou, at 87 rue de la Pépinière, now the rue La Boétie, Rome and Venice. Upon his father's death in 1828, Anatole settled for good in Western Europe, returning to Russia as little as possible. This attitude alienated him from tsar Nicholas I of Russia, who always had an antipathy towards him. Scholarly endeavours In 1837–38, he organised a scientific expedition of 22 schol ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pavel Nikolaievich Demidov
Pavel (called Paul) Nikolaievich Demidov (russian: Павел Николаевич Демидов; 6 September 1798 Saint Petersburg - 25 March 1840 Mainz) was a Russian nobleman of the Demidov dynasty, philanthropist and industrialist. His father was Count Nikolai Nikitich Demidov (1773-1828) and his mother Baroness Elizaveta Alexandrovna Stroganova (1779-1818). He was the second eldest of four children, two of which lived to the adult age. Most of his childhood was spent in Paris, where also his parents preferred to live. Family The ancestor of the Demidov family, Paul Nikolaievich's great-great-grandfather Nikita Demidovich Antufyev (1656–1725) was a blacksmith and a weapon-maker in Tula in the 17th century. He had gained the favour of Tsar Peter the Great with his well manufactured pistols and granted rights over the mines and foundries on the eastern slopes of the Urals, as well as to the thousands of serfs who toiled in them. Of these, Nizhny Tagil was the most imp ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jean-François Champollion
Jean-François Champollion (), also known as Champollion ''le jeune'' ('the Younger'; 23 December 17904 March 1832), was a French philologist and orientalist, known primarily as the decipherer of Egyptian hieroglyphs and a founding figure in the field of Egyptology. Partially raised by his brother, the scholar Jacques Joseph Champollion-Figeac, Champollion was a child prodigy in philology, giving his first public paper on the decipherment of Demotic in his mid-teens. As a young man he was renowned in scientific circles, and spoke Coptic, Ancient Greek, Latin, Hebrew and Arabic. During the early 19th century, French culture experienced a period of 'Egyptomania', brought on by Napoleon's discoveries in Egypt during his campaign there (1798–1801) which also brought to light the trilingual Rosetta Stone. Scholars debated the age of Egyptian civilization and the function and nature of hieroglyphic script, which language if any it recorded, and the degree to which the signs were p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gino Capponi
Marquis Gino Capponi (Florence, 13 September 1792 – Florence, 3 February 1876) was an Italian statesman and historian of a Liberal Catholic bent. Biography The Capponi was an illustrious Florentine aristocratic family, and is mentioned as early as 1250; it acquired great wealth as a mercantile and banking firm, and many of its members distinguished themselves in the service of the republic and the Medicis (see Piero Capponi), and later in that of the house of Lorraine. Gino was the son of the Marquis Pier Roberto Capponi, a nobleman greatly attached to the reigning grand duke of Tuscany, Ferdinand III and also son of , foundress of the Passionist Sister. When that prince was deposed by the French in 1799 the Capponi family followed him into exile at Vienna, where they remained until he exchanged his rights to the grand duchy for a German principality (1803). The Capponi then returned to Florence, and in 1811 Gino married the marchesina Giulia Vernaccia. Although the family ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Felice Pasquale Baciocchi
Felice Pasquale Baciocchi (18 May 1762 – 27 April 1841) was born at Ajaccio into a noble, but poor, Corsican family. He was second lieutenant in the French army in 1778, lieutenant in 1788, then captain in 1794. Around 5 May 1797, he married Elisa Maria Bonaparte, Napoleon's younger sister, in Marseilles. Baciocchi was appointed secretary to the ambassador to the Spanish Royal Court in November 1800 and moved to Madrid, while his wife remained in France. Baciocchi was then promoted to army colonel in 1802, to brigadier general in 1804, and to major general in 1809. He was also made a senator in 1804 and imperial prince in 1805. Thanks to his brother-in-law's conquests, Baciocchi became Prince of Lucca, but without the associated power or the sovereign power, which really was exercised by his wife. He also serenely endured her infidelities. Baciocchi was an avid amateur violinist, and he studied with violin virtuoso Niccolò Paganini for ten years while residing in Lucca a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Giovanni Battista Amici
Giovanni Battista Amici (; 25 March 1786 – 10 April 1863) was an Italian astronomer, microscopist, and botanist. Amici was born in Modena, in present-day Italy. After studying at Bologna, he became professor of mathematics at Modena, and in 1831 was appointed inspector-general of studies in the Duchy of Modena. A few years later he was chosen director of the observatory at Florence, where he also lectured at the museum of natural history. Amici died in Florence in 1863. His name is best known for the improvements he effected in the mirrors of reflecting telescopes and especially in the construction of the microscope. He was also a diligent and skillful observer, and busied himself not only with astronomical subjects, such as the double stars, the satellites of Jupiter and the measurement of the polar and equatorial diameters of the sun, but also with biological studies of the circulation of the sap in plants, the fructification of plants, infusoria etc. He was the first to obse ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Luigi Federico Menabrea
Luigi Federico Menabrea (4 September 1809 – 24 May 1896), later made 1st Count Menabrea and 1st Marquess of Valdora, was an Italian general, statesman and mathematician who served as the seventh prime minister of Italy from 1867 to 1869. Biography Menabrea was born at Chambéry, then part of the First French Empire. He was educated at the University of Turin, where he qualified as an engineer and became a doctor of mathematics. As an officer of engineers he replaced Cavour in 1831 at the fortress of Bard. He then became professor of mechanics and construction at the military academy and at the university of Turin. Among his notable publications: ''Sketch of the Analytical Engine Invented by Charles Babbage, Esq.'' with notes by translator Ada Lovelace (1842), which described many aspects of computer architecture and programming. King Charles Albert sent him in 1848 on diplomatic missions to secure the adhesion of Modena and Parma to Sardinia. He entered the Piedmontese pa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vincenzo Antinori
Vincenzo Antinori (1792–1865) was a science administrator in Italy. From 1829 to 1859, Antinori was director of the Regal Museum of Physics and Natural History in Florence where he worked with Leopoldo Nobili on electromagnetic induction. He had originally attracted Nobili to Florence to teach physics, as he had Giovanni Battista Amici to teach astronomy. He was one of the promoters of the Congress of Italian Scientists in Pisa in 1839 and in Florence in 1841 and was responsible for bringing permanence, order and security to the Italian legacy of meteorological data by founding the Italian Meteorological Archive. Antinori was a member of the Accademia della Crusca and wrote many entries for the Crusca dictionary on scientific topics. He had a particular interest in preserving and interpreting documents and artefacts from the work of Galileo Galilei and his followers. Bibliografía: "Antonio Meucci e la città di Firenze. Tra scienza, tecnica e ingegneria". Editado por Angot ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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