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Operation Kangaroo
Operation Kangaroo, or Operación Canguro, was part of an informal immigration initiative — "informal" due to the fact that there were no formal diplomatic relationship between the two countries — that brought male, Spanish, assisted migrants to Australia to work as cane-cutters in North Queensland. First contingent The first group arrived in Brisbane, Queensland, in the ''SS Toscana'' ( Lloyd Triestino Line), on 9 August 1958.Garcia (2002), p.45. See also * Plan Martha Footnotes References * Garcia, Ignacio (2002), ''Operación Canguro: the Spanish Migration Scheme, 1958-1963'', Jamison Center, ACT: Spanish Heritage Foundation. * Mason, Robert (2018), ''The Spanish Anarchists of Northern Australia: Revolution in the Sugar Cane Fields'', Cardiff : University of Wales Press. {{ISBN, 1-786-83308-5 Tao, Kim (2018), The 60th anniversary of the Spanish migration agreement Australian National Maritime Museum, 6 August 2018. External links Spanish migrants mark 60 years since ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Brisbane
Brisbane ( ) is the capital and most populous city of the states and territories of Australia, Australian state of Queensland, and the list of cities in Australia by population, third-most populous city in Australia and Oceania, with a population of approximately 2.6 million. Brisbane lies at the centre of the South East Queensland metropolitan region, which encompasses a population of around 3.8 million. The Brisbane central business district is situated within a peninsula of the Brisbane River about from its mouth at Moreton Bay, a bay of the Coral Sea. Brisbane is located in the hilly floodplain of the Brisbane River Valley between Moreton Bay and the Taylor Range, Taylor and D'Aguilar Range, D'Aguilar mountain ranges. It sprawls across several local government in Australia, local government areas, most centrally the City of Brisbane, Australia's most populous local government area. The demonym of Brisbane is ''Brisbanite''. The Traditional Owners of the Brisbane a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Italia Marittima
Italia Marittima S.p.A., from 1919 until 2006 called Lloyd Triestino, founded as Österreichischer Lloyd in 1833, is a shipping company with its head office in Trieste, Italy, and run by Evergreen Marine Corporation. History Österreichischer Lloyd The company was founded as Österreichischer Lloyd (or "Austrian Lloyd") as an insurance company in 1833. In 1836 the company went into shipping. It became one of the world's biggest shipping companies by managing most oversea trade and passenger travel of Austria-Hungary until 1918. The Austrian Lloyd was running regular services from Trieste to the Near East, India, China and the Far East, Brazil, the US and Northern Europe. It was one of the first companies to use steam ships. Lloyd Triestino Österreichischer Lloyd's name was changed to Lloyd Triestino and the company restructured in 1919, when Trieste became a part of Italy, after serious losses during World War I. By the end of the 1930s, Lloyd Triestino was once ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Plan Martha
Plan Martha, or el Plan Marta (also known as Martha's Plan, and as Operación Marta) was an informal agreement, signed in 1957, between the Spanish and Australian Governments, designed to bring single, Spanish, Catholic women to Australia as part of Australia's numerous post-World War II immigration initiatives. The Plan Due to the lack of a formal diplomatic contact between the two countries, it was an "informal" arrangement. The agreement was facilitated by Monsignor George Crennan the National Director of the Federal Catholic Immigration Committee. Altogether, the ''Plan Martha'' groups "brought about 800 single women to Australia, from 1960 to the end of the scheme n 1963. ::"The travellers were women who migrated under the belief that they were coming to Australia to work as domestic servants, when in fact they were called on to balance the sexes of the Spanish migrant population. As García explains in his work, the Australian Department of Immigration encouraged male migra ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Australian National Maritime Museum
The Australian National Maritime Museum (ANMM) is a Australian government, federally operated maritime museum in Darling Harbour, Sydney. After considering the idea of establishing a maritime museum, the federal government announced that a national maritime museum would be constructed at Darling Harbour, tied into the Government of New South Wales, New South Wales state government's redevelopment of the area for the Australian bicentenary in 1988. The museum building was designed by Philip Cox, and although an opening date of 1988 was initially set, construction delays, cost overruns, and disagreements between the state and federal governments over funding responsibility pushed the opening to 1991. One of six museums directly operated by the federal government, the ANMM is the only one located outside of the Australian Capital Territory. The museum is structured around seven main galleries, focusing on the relationships between Indigenous Australians and the sea, the navigation of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Human Migration
Human migration is the movement of people from one place to another with intentions of settling, permanently or temporarily, at a new location (geographic region). The movement often occurs over long distances and from one country to another (external migration), but internal migration (within a single country) is also possible; indeed, this is the dominant form of human migration globally. Migration is often associated with better human capital at both individual and household level, and with better access to migration networks, facilitating a possible second move. It has a high potential to improve human development, and some studies confirm that migration is the most direct route out of poverty.Age is also important for both work and non-work migration. People may migrate as individuals, in family units or in large groups. There are four major forms of migration: invasion, conquest, colonization and emigration/immigration. Persons moving from their home due to forced displa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
History Of Immigration To Australia
The immigration history of Australia began with the initial human migration to the continent around 80,000 years ago when the ancestors of Aboriginal Australians arrived on the continent via the islands of Maritime Southeast Asia and New Guinea. From the early 17th century onwards, the continent experienced the first coastal landings and exploration by European explorers. Permanent European settlement began in 1788 with the establishment of a British penal colony in New South Wales. From early federation in 1901, Australia maintained the White Australia Policy, which was abolished after World War II, heralding the modern era of multiculturalism in Australia. From the late 1970s there was a significant increase in immigration from Asian and other non-European countries. Australia is also a signatory to the Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees and recognises the right of asylum. Original inhabitants The first inhabitants in Australia were the ancestors of the present ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Australia–Spain Relations
Diplomatic relations exist between Australia and Spain. In the 2016 Australian Census, 120,952 Australian residents claimed Spanish descent, while 15,391 indicated they were born in Spain. Both nations are members of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. Historical relations The earliest writings on the discovery of mainland Australia by European explorers date back to the early 17th century. However, Australian researcher Lawrence Hargrave argued that Spain had already established a colony in Botany Bay in the 16th century, a time when expeditions were organized to find ''Terra Australis''. Later, French historian Roger Hervé claimed that the Spanish caravel '' San Lesmes'' was diverted to New Zealand and Tasmania, until it went up the Australian eastern coast and was captured by the Portuguese near what is now Cape York. In fact, a similar hypothesis was formulated by the Australian researcher Robert Adrian Langdon. In 1606, the Spanish sailor Luís Vaz ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
