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Oostvaardersplassen
The Oostvaardersplassen () is a nature reserve in the Netherlands, managed by the ''Staatsbosbeheer'' (state forestry service). Covering about in the province of Flevoland, it is an experiment in rewilding.Oostvaardersplassen is discussed, for example, in George Monbiot's book '' Feral: searching for enchantment on the frontiers of rewilding'' (2013). While being in favour of rewilding, Monbiot has doubts about this site's lack of tree cover and of predators. It is in a polder created in 1968; by 1989, its ecological interest had resulted in its being declared a Ramsar wetland. It became part of Nieuw Land National Park when that was established in 2018. Geography The Oostvaardersplassen are located in the municipality of Lelystad, between the towns of Lelystad and Almere, in the province of Flevoland in the Netherlands. The area of is situated on the shore of the Markermeer in the center of the Flevopolder. The Oostvaardersplassen can be divided into a wet area in the northwe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Oostvaardersplassen Koniks
The Oostvaardersplassen () is a nature reserve in the Netherlands, managed by the ''Staatsbosbeheer'' (state forestry service). Covering about in the province of Flevoland, it is an experiment in Rewilding (conservation biology), rewilding.Oostvaardersplassen is discussed, for example, in George Monbiot's book ''Feral: searching for enchantment on the frontiers of rewilding'' (2013). While being in favour of rewilding, Monbiot has doubts about this site's lack of tree cover and of predators. It is in a polder created in 1968; by 1989, its ecological interest had resulted in its being declared a Ramsar Convention, Ramsar wetland. It became part of Nieuw Land National Park when that was established in 2018. Geography The Oostvaardersplassen are located in the municipality of Lelystad, between the towns of Lelystad and Almere, in the province of Flevoland in the Netherlands. The area of is situated on the shore of the Markermeer in the center of the Flevopolder. The Oostvaarderspl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rewilding (conservation Biology)
Rewilding, or re-wilding, activities are conservation efforts aimed at restoring and protecting natural processes and wilderness areas. Rewilding is a form of ecological restoration with an emphasis on recreating an area's "natural uncultivated state". This may require active human intervention to achieve. Approaches can include removing human artefacts such as dams or bridges, connecting wilderness areas, and protecting or reintroducing apex predators and keystone species. The general goal is to move toward a wilder natural ecosystem that will involve less active forms of natural resource management. Rewilding efforts can aim to create ecosystems requiring passive management. Successful long term rewilding projects can need little ongoing human attention, as successful reintroduction of keystone species creates a self-regulatory and self-sustaining stable ecosystem, possibly with near pre-human levels of biodiversity Biodiversity or biological diversity is the variety and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Heck Cattle
Heck cattle are a hardy breed of domestic cattle. These cattle are the result of an attempt by Heinz and Lutz Heck to breed back the extinct aurochs (''Bos primigenius'') from modern aurochs-derived cattle in the 1920s and 1930s. Controversy revolves around methodology and success of the programme. There are considerable differences between Heck cattle and the aurochs in build, height, and body proportions. Furthermore, there are other cattle breeds which resemble their wild ancestors at least as much as Heck cattle.van Vuure, Cis (2005) ''Retracing the Aurochs - History, Morphology and Ecology of an extinct wild Ox''. History Heck cattle originated in Germany in the 1920s and 1930s in an attempt to breed back domestic cattle to their ancestral form: the aurochs (''Bos primigenius primigenius'').van Vuure, Cis (2005) Retracing the Aurochs - History, Morphology and Ecology of an extinct wild Ox. In the first years of the Weimar Republic, the brothers Heinz and Lutz ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
White-tailed Eagle
The white-tailed eagle (''Haliaeetus albicilla'') is a very large species of sea eagle widely distributed across temperate Palearctic, Eurasia. Like all eagles, it is a member of the family Accipitridae (or accipitrids) which includes other diurnal Raptor (bird), raptors such as hawks, kite (bird), kites, and harrier (bird), harriers. One of up to eleven members in the genus ''Sea eagle, Haliaeetus'', which are commonly called sea eagles, it is also referred to as the white-tailed sea-eagle.Helander, B., & Stjernberg, T. (2003). ''Action plan for the conservation of white-tailed sea eagle (''Haliaeetus albicilla'')''. In Convention on the Conservation of European Wildlife and Natural Habitats, Strasbourg, France. Sometimes, it is known as the ern or erne (depending on spelling by sources),Love, J. A. (1983). ''The return of the Sea Eagle''. Cambridge University Press, . gray sea eagle and Eurasian sea eagle. While found across a very wide range, today breeding as far west as Gree ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nieuw Land National Park
Nieuw Land National Park (''New Land National Park''; Dutch language, Dutch: ''Nationaal Park Nieuw Land'') is a List of national parks of the Netherlands, national park in the Netherlands, Dutch province of Flevoland. It was established on October 1, 2018, when Minister Carola Schouten visited the province to make the announcement. The national park is managed by the organizations Flevo-landschap, Staatsbosbeheer, and Natuurmonumenten. The total surface area amounts to , of which over 75% is water. The land, mostly wetlands, is part of the artificial island Flevopolder. Nature reserves that are part of the national park include the Oostvaardersplassen, the Lepelaarplassen, the lake Markermeer, and the artificial archipelago Marker Wadden. Some of those areas were already protected Natura 2000 sites before the park's creation. Nieuw Land National Park is visited by numerous species of migratory birds. In 2019, governments and nature organizations committed to spending €470 millio ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Konik
The Konik or Polish Konik, pl, konik polski, is a Polish List of horse breeds, breed of pony. There are semi-feral populations in some regions. They are usually dun gene, mouse dun or primitive markings, striped dun in color. The Bilgoray, pl, konik biłgorajski, of south-eastern Poland is a sub-type of the breed influenced by Arab horse, Arab and Thoroughbred blood; it is close to extinction. The extinct Sweyki or Schweike sub-type of East Prussia contributed to the development of the Trakehner. The word "konik" means 'small horse'. It may be used in a wider sense to describe the Polish Konik and other similar breeds, among them the Hutsul (horse), Hutsul of the Carpathian Mountains, the Polesian (horse), Polesian of Belarus and the Žemaitukas of Lithuania. Etymology The Polish word ''konik'' (plural ''koniki'') is the diminutive of ''koń'', the Polish word for "horse" (sometimes confused with ''kuc, kucyk'' meaning "pony"). It means 'small horse'. History The Ko ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aurochs
The aurochs (''Bos primigenius'') ( or ) is an extinct cattle species, considered to be the wild ancestor of modern domestic cattle. With a shoulder height of up to in bulls and in cows, it was one of the largest herbivores in the Holocene; it had massive elongated and broad horns that reached in length. The aurochs was part of the Pleistocene megafauna. It probably evolved in Asia and migrated west and north during warm interglacial periods. The oldest known aurochs fossils found in India and North Africa date to the Middle Pleistocene and in Europe to the Holstein interglacial. As indicated by fossil remains in Northern Europe, it reached Denmark and southern Sweden during the Holocene. The aurochs declined during the late Holocene due to habitat loss and hunting, and became extinct when the last individual died in 1627 in Jaktorów forest in Poland. The aurochs is depicted in Paleolithic cave paintings, Neolithic petroglyphs, Ancient Egyptian reliefs and Bronze ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Flevoland
Flevoland () is the twelfth and youngest province of the Netherlands, established in 1986, when the southern and eastern Flevopolders, together with the Noordoostpolder, were merged into one provincial entity. It is in the centre of the country in the former Zuiderzee, which was turned into the freshwater IJsselmeer by the closure of the Afsluitdijk in 1932. Almost all of the land belonging to Flevoland was reclaimed in the 1950s and 1960s while splitting the Markermeer and Bordering lakes from the IJsselmeer. As to dry land, it is the smallest province of the Netherlands at , but not gross land as that includes much of the waters of the fresh water lakes (meres) mentioned. The province has a population of 423,021 as of January 2020 and consists of six municipalities. Its capital is Lelystad and its most populous city is Almere, which forms part of the Randstad and has grown to become the seventh largest city of the country. Flevoland is bordered in the extreme north by Fries ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lelystad
Lelystad () is a municipality and a city in the centre of the Netherlands, and it is the capital of the province of Flevoland. The city, built on reclaimed land, was founded in 1967 and was named after Cornelis Lely, who engineered the Afsluitdijk, making the reclamation possible. Lelystad is approximately below sea level. It is located about 20 km north east of Almere and 40 km west of Zwolle. History Lelystad is built on the seabed of the former Zuiderzee. About 6500 years ago this wetland was above high tide level and inhabited; the Netherlands have steadily subsided since. Near Lelystad at Swifterbant, the oldest human skeletons in Western Europe were discovered. Due to rising water levels and storms, the peatlands were washed away, and the Lacus Flevo (in Roman times) grew to be the Almere (Middle Ages) and became the Zuiderzee. The Zuiderzee (Southern Sea) was the main transport route from Amsterdam to the North Sea and the Hanseatic League cities. Due to the many shipw ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wisent
The European bison (''Bison bonasus'') or the European wood bison, also known as the wisent ( or ), the zubr (), or sometimes colloquially as the European buffalo, is a European species of bison. It is one of two extant species of bison, alongside the American bison. The European bison is the heaviest wild land animal in Europe, and individuals in the past may have been even larger than their modern-day descendants. During late antiquity and the Middle Ages, bison became extinct in much of Europe and Asia, surviving into the 20th century only in northern-central Europe and the northern Caucasus Mountains. During the early years of the 20th century, bison were hunted to extinction in the wild. The species — now numbering several thousand and returned to the wild by captive breeding programmes — is no longer in immediate danger of extinction, but remains absent from most of its historical range. It is not to be confused with the aurochs (''Bos primigenius''), the extinct anc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Staatsbosbeheer
Staatsbosbeheer, founded in 1899, is a Dutch government organization for forestry and the management of nature reserves. Staatsbosbeheer currently oversees over 250,000 hectares of land in the Netherlands. Usually this land is open to the public for recreational purposes, but restrictions often apply. Examples are the compulsory use of a leash when bringing a dog, or daytime access only. The organization has been criticized for not taking close enough care of its lands, or for interfering with political decisions, but news reports are generally positive or simply report public service announcements from the organization. Example:De ruigpootuil broedt weer in Nederland. (July 28, 2008). ''NOS''. Retrieved July 31, 2008. While the literal translation of the name would be 'State Forest Management', forests only make up 900 square kilometres of the total land under supervision. The remaining land consists of varying landscapes such as dunes, polders and wetlands. Chairpersons Not ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Red Deer
The red deer (''Cervus elaphus'') is one of the largest deer species. A male red deer is called a stag or hart, and a female is called a hind. The red deer inhabits most of Europe, the Caucasus Mountains region, Anatolia, Iran, and parts of western Asia. It also inhabits the Atlas Mountains of Northern Africa; its early ancestors are thought to have crossed over to Morocco, then to Algeria, Libya and Tunisia via the Strait of Gibraltar, becoming the only species of true deer (Cervidae) to inhabit Africa. Red deer have been introduced to other areas, including Australia, New Zealand, the United States, Canada, Peru, Uruguay, Chile and Argentina. In many parts of the world, the meat (venison) from red deer is used as a food source. Red deer are ruminants, characterized by a four-chambered stomach. Genetics, Genetic evidence indicates that the red deer, as traditionally defined, is a species group, rather than a single species, though exactly how many species the group includes rem ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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