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Obliskomzap
''Obliskomzap'' (russian: Облискомзап), short for Regional Executive Committee of the Soviets of Workers, Soldiers and Peasants Deputies of the Western Region and Front (russian: Областной исполнительный комитет Советов рабочих, солдатских и крестьянских депутатов Западной области и фронта, Oblastnoy ispolnitel'nyy komitet Sovetov rabochikh, soldatskikh i krest'yanskikh deputatov Zapadnoy oblasti i fronta, link=no), was an organ for Soviet power in the Western Region (from September 1918, the Western Commune) claiming governing authority in the Belorussian lands not under German or Austro-Hungarian occupation from late 1917 throughout 1918. It was to function as the highest body of legislative power, between the holding of congresses of soviets, in Vitebsk Governorate, Mogilev Governorate, Minsk Governorate, Vilna Governorate (except areas under German occupation) and Smolens ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vasily Freiman
Vasily Nikolayevich Freiman (russian: Василий Николаевич Фрейман) was a Communist Party of the Soviet Union, Bolshevik politician. He was elected to the Russian Constituent Assembly from the Minsk electoral district (Russian Constituent Assembly election, 1917), Minsk constituency in late 1917. In December 1917 he was named the People's Commissar for Industry in the Obliskomzap, Regional Council of People's Commissars of the Western Region and Front.Zori͡a Leonidovna SerebriakovaОбластные объединения Советов России, март 1917-декабрь 1918 Наука, 1977. p. 104 He served as the Simbirsk Governorate People's Commissar for Trade and Industry, then as Commissar for Military Affairs.F. V. GerasinСимбирская губерния в. годы гражданской воины: сборник документов Улянвоское книжное изд-во, 1958. p. 459 References {{DEFAULTSORT:Freiman, Vas ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
North-Western Regional Committee Of The Russian Communist Party (Bolsheviks)
The North-Western Regional Committee of the Russian Communist Party (Bolsheviks), earlier the North-Western Regional Committee of the Russian Social Democratic Labour Party (Bolsheviks), was a regional committee ''( obkom)'' of the Bolshevik Party in the Western Region 1917–1918. Alexander Miasnikian was the chairman of the regional committee. Vilhelm Knorin was the secretary of the regional committee. Another leader of the regional committee was . The first North-Western Regional and Front Party Conference was held in Minsk on September 15, 1917. The Central Committee of the Russian Social Democratic Labour Party (Bolsheviks) had called for the formation of the North-Western Regional Committee in July 1917, but the formation of the regional party organization was delayed due to the Kornilov affair.Vladimir Petrovich KhmelevskiĭСеверный областной комитет РКП(б) Лениздат, 1972. p. 25 The conference called on workers to prepare for armed up ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Innokenty Fedenev
Innokenty Pavlovich Fedenev (russian: link=no, Иннокентий Павлович Феденев) was an Old Bolshevik. Hailing from Irkutsk, Fedenev was born in 1878.Ostrovsky'. Molodai͡a gvardii͡a, 1968. p. 428Nikolay Ostrovsky'. Библиотека "Огонек", 1969. p. 460 He began working in the Lena mines in 1897. Fedenev joined the Russian Social Democratic Labour Party in 1904.Vitaly ZorkinИркутянин Иннокентий Феденев – герой знаменитого советского романа/ref> He spent long periods in czarist prisons and was exiled. He was a delegate at the First All-Russian Congress of Soviets of Workers' and Soldiers' Deputies. He was elected to the Russian Constituent Assembly from the Western Front constituency in late 1917. On November 26 (December 9), 1917 he was named People's Commissar for Finance of the Obliskomzap. Following the October Revolution he was sent to Minsk, Tambov and Kharkov for party work. In th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Western Oblast (1917–18)
Western Oblast was an early oblast of Russian SFSR. Initially it was based on Vilno, Vitebsk, Mogilev, and Minsk Gubernias of the Russian Empire, capital Minsk. In April 1918, Smolensk Governorate was included and capital moved to Smolensk. In September 1918 it was renamed into Western Commune The Western Oblast was formalized as part of the RSFSR for by the Administrative Commission of VTsIK on December 23, 1918. But very soon, on January 1, 1919, was superseded by Socialist Soviet Republic of Byelorussia. See also *Western Oblast *Western Krai Western Krai (russian: Западный край, literally ''Western Land'') was an unofficial name for the westernmost parts of the Russian Empire, excluding the territory of Congress Poland (which was sometimes referred to as Vistula Krai). T ... References 1918 in Belarus Former administrative units of Russia {{russia-hist-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alexander Miasnikian
Alexander Fyodori Miasnikian or Myasnikov; russian: Алекса́ндр Фёдорович Мяснико́в. Also spelled Myasnikyan. His patronymic is variously given as Asatur, Astvatsatur, Fyodor and Bogdan. (28 January February1886 – 22 March 1925), also known by his revolutionary ''nom de guerre'' Martuni, was an Armenian Bolshevik revolutionary, military leader and politician. During the Russian Civil War, he served as First Secretary of the Communist Party of Byelorussia from 1918 to 1919. As the Chairman of the Council of People's Commissars of Armenia from 1921 to 1922, he is credited with rebuilding the Armenian republic at the beginning of Lenin's New Economic Policy (NEP). Biography Miasnikian was born in the Armenian-populated city of New Nakhichevan (now a part of Rostov-on-Don) to the family of a merchant. He graduated from the faculty of law of Moscow University in 1911. As a student in New Nakhichevan and later in Moscow, Miasnikian was active in undergro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Joseph Stalin
Joseph Vissarionovich Stalin (born Ioseb Besarionis dze Jughashvili; – 5 March 1953) was a Georgian revolutionary and Soviet political leader who led the Soviet Union from 1924 until his death in 1953. He held power as General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (1922–1952) and Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the Soviet Union (1941–1953). Initially governing the country as part of a collective leadership, he consolidated power to become a dictator by the 1930s. Ideologically adhering to the Leninist interpretation of Marxism, he formalised these ideas as Marxism–Leninism, while his own policies are called Stalinism. Born to a poor family in Gori in the Russian Empire (now Georgia), Stalin attended the Tbilisi Spiritual Seminary before joining the Marxist Russian Social Democratic Labour Party. He edited the party's newspaper, ''Pravda'', and raised funds for Vladimir Lenin's Bolshevik faction via robberies, kidnappings and protection ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Leo Trotsky
Lev Davidovich Bronstein. ( – 21 August 1940), better known as Leon Trotsky; uk, link= no, Лев Давидович Троцький; also transliterated ''Lyev'', ''Trotski'', ''Trotskij'', ''Trockij'' and ''Trotzky''. (), was a Russian Marxist revolutionary, political theorist and politician. Ideologically a Marxist, his developments to the ideology are called Trotskyism. Born to a wealthy Jewish family in Yanovka (now Bereslavka, Ukraine), Trotsky embraced Marxism after moving to Mykolaiv in 1896. In 1898, he was arrested for revolutionary activities and subsequently exiled to Siberia. He escaped from Siberia in 1902 and moved to London, where he befriended Vladimir Lenin. In 1903, he sided with Julius Martov's Mensheviks against Lenin's Bolsheviks during the Russian Social Democratic Labour Party's initial organisational split. Trotsky helped organize the failed 1905 Russian Revolution, Russian Revolution of 1905, after which he was again arrested and exiled to Siberia. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Petrograd
Saint Petersburg ( rus, links=no, Санкт-Петербург, a=Ru-Sankt Peterburg Leningrad Petrograd Piter.ogg, r=Sankt-Peterburg, p=ˈsankt pʲɪtʲɪrˈburk), formerly known as Petrograd (1914–1924) and later Leningrad (1924–1991), is the second-largest city in Russia. It is situated on the Neva River, at the head of the Gulf of Finland on the Baltic Sea, with a population of roughly 5.4 million residents. Saint Petersburg is the fourth-most populous city in Europe after Istanbul, Moscow and London, the most populous city on the Baltic Sea, and the world's northernmost city of more than 1 million residents. As Russia's Imperial capital, and a historically strategic port, it is governed as a federal city. The city was founded by Tsar Peter the Great on 27 May 1703 on the site of a captured Swedish fortress, and was named after apostle Saint Peter. In Russia, Saint Petersburg is historically and culturally associated with th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Decree On Land
The Decree on Land (), written by Vladimir Lenin, was passed by the Second All-Russian Congress of Soviets of Workers' and Soldiers' Deputies on , following the success of the October Revolution. It decreed an abolition of private property, and the redistribution of the landed estates amongst the peasantry. According to the Decree on Land, the peasants had seized the lands of the nobility, monasteries and Church. This decree was followed on February 19, 1918, by a decree of the Central Executive Committee of the All-Russian Congress of Soviets, "The Fundamental Law of Land Socialization". These decrees were amended by the 1922 Land Code. Extracts See also * Agriculture of the Soviet Union *Soviet Russia Constitution of 1918 *Real property *Common good Notes External links Decree on Land {{DEFAULTSORT:Decree On Land Official documents of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic Land Land, also known as dry land, ground, or earth, is the solid terrestri ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eight-hour Day
The eight-hour day movement (also known as the 40-hour week movement or the short-time movement) was a social movement to regulate the length of a working day, preventing excesses and abuses. An eight-hour work day has its origins in the 16th century Spain, but the modern movement dates back to the Industrial Revolution in Britain, where industrial production in large factories transformed working life. At that time, the working day could range from 10 to 16 hours, the work week was typically six days a week and the use of child labour was common. The first country that introduced the 8-hour work day by law for factory and fortification workers was Spain in 1593. In contemporary era, it was established for all professions by the Soviet Union in 1917. History Sixteenth century In 1594, Philip II of Spain established an eight-hour work day by a royal edict known as '' Ordenanzas de Felipe II'', or Ordinances of Philip II. This established: An exception was applied to mine ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
10th Army (German Empire)
The 10th Army (german: 10. Armee / Armeeoberkommando 10 / A.O.K. 10) was an army level command of the German Army in World War I formed in January 1915 in Cologne. It served exclusively on the Eastern Front. It was dissolved on 6 January 1919. History During World War I the 10th Army was stationed on the Eastern Front where it fought against Russia. It also took part in the occupation of Poland and Belorussia at the end of 1918 when the war ended. The Tenth Army published the newspaper "Zeitung der 10. Armee" ("Newspaper of the 10th Army"). Commanders The 10th Army had the following commanders: Glossary *''Armee-Abteilung'' or Army Detachment in the sense of "something detached from an Army". It is not under the command of an Army so is in itself a small Army. *''Armee-Gruppe'' or Army Group in the sense of a group within an Army and under its command, generally formed as a temporary measure for a specific task. *''Heeresgruppe'' or Army Group in the sense of a numb ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Social Democracy Of The Kingdom Of Poland And Lithuania
The Social Democracy of the Kingdom of Poland and Lithuania ( pl, Socjaldemokracja Królestwa Polskiego i Litwy, SDKPiL), , LKLSD), originally the Social Democracy of the Kingdom of Poland (SDKP), was a Marxist political party founded in 1893 and later served as an autonomous section of the Russian Social Democratic Labour Party. It later merged into the Communist Workers Party of Poland. Its most famous member was Rosa Luxemburg. Leading members The leading cadre of the SDKPiL were a famous group, many of whom would play a role in the Russian Revolution of October 1917. Chief among them was Rosa Luxemburg, the leading theoretician of the movement. Other notable figures included Leo Jogiches, Julian Marchlewski, Adolf Warski, Felix Dzerzhinsky, Stanisław Pestkowski, Karl Sobelson, Józef Unszlicht, Kazimierz Cichowski and Jakob Fürstenberg. Internationalists, many of them would play leading roles in Germany as well as in Russia. History 1893: Formation The party was fou ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
